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Assessment of media development in Mozambique

Based on UNESCO's Media Development Indicators

Mozambique has experienced a dramatic growth of its community media sector and a general expansion of its media environment over the last 10 years. The Government of Mozambique requested UNESCO to carry out a study that would use the Media Development Indicators (MDIs) to assess its evolving national media landscape.

The specific objective was to assess the existence or otherwise of a legal, political, institutional and infrastructural framework that favours press freedom, pluralism and diversity of the media in Mozambique and produce recommendations to the appropriate actors on the basis of the findings.

UNESCO collaborated with the Mozambican Chapter of the Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA-Mozambique) to organize the study. The research team based its work on an extensive literature review, with an emphasis on the main applicable legislation and policy and strategy documents for the media sector in Mozambique.

Mozambique has a diverse media with a mix of state, public sector, private and community media, with the public and community radio broadcasting sectors having the most extensive coverage. However, there is a continuing legal deficit in certain aspects, such as the existence of laws that are in contradiction with the principles defined by the Constitution regarding media, and cases of infringements of the law that have been denounced by media organizations and civil society in general. Moreover, the economic fragility of the sector as a whole is obvious, particularly in the community sub-sector.

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This assessment is based on UNESCO’s Media Development Indicators (MDIs), which were endorsed in 2008 by the International Programme for the Development of Communication (IPDC). MDIs, which cover all aspects of media development, define a framework within which the media can best contribute to, and benefit from, good governance and democratic development. They are being applied in various countries worldwide to identify their specific needs in view of guiding the formulation of media-related policies and improving the targeting of media development efforts.

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