El Primer Nueva Coronica y Buen Gobierno
Documentary heritage submitted by Denmark and recommended for inclusion in the Memory of the World Register in 2007.
The item is an autograph manuscript of 1,200 pages including 400 full-page drawings. Since its rediscovery in 1908, the item has become widely known as the only extant document conveying a purely indigenous (Andean Indian) viewpoint on pre-conquest Andean life and Inca rule, the Spanish conquest 1532, early Spanish colonial rule, and the systematic abuse of the rights of the indigenous population by the political, legal, and ecclesiastic authorities of the colony. The item is a "letter" to King Filip 3, suggesting that the government of Peru be returned to the indigenous population, if the once quite rich country is not to be utterly destroyed by rural depopulation and urban proletarization.