UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
Degree of endangerment | Intergenerational Language Transmission | |
---|---|---|
safe | language is spoken by all generations; intergenerational transmission is uninterrupted >> not included in the Atlas | |
vulnerable | most children speak the language, but it may be restricted to certain domains (e.g., home) | |
definitely endangered | children no longer learn the language as mother tongue in the home | |
severely endangered | language is spoken by grandparents and older generations; while the parent generation may understand it, they do not speak it to children or among themselves | |
critically endangered | the youngest speakers are grandparents and older, and they speak the language partially and infrequently | |
extinct | there are no speakers left >> included in the Atlas if presumably extinct since the 1950s |
The interactive online edition of the UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger is complementary to the print edition and may be cited as:
- Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. Paris, UNESCO Publishing. Online version.