Implementation: extract from the Mauritius Strategy - Chapter XX, paras 87-104

83. Small island developing States and the international community recognize that the further implementation of the Programme of Action, Agenda 21 and the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, as well as the achievement of the internationally agreed development goals, including those contained in the Millennium Declaration, are mutually reinforcing. This will require a more focused and substantially increased effort, both by small island developing States themselves and by the rest of the international community, based on the recognition that each country has primary responsibility for its own development and that the role of national policies and development strategies cannot be overemphasized, taking fully into account the Rio Principles, including, inter alia, the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities as set out in principle 7 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development.23 84. To adequately address their most urgent sustainable development challenges, small island developing States, with the necessary support of the international community, including through the facilitation and improvement of access to existing resources and, where appropriate, through the allocation of dedicated financial resources, will, in the following key areas: (a) Climate change adaptation and sea-level rise: as an integral component of their national sustainable development strategies, where appropriate, take action to develop and implement national adaptation strategies and facilitate regional and interregional cooperation, including within the framework of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change24 and, inter alia, with support from the Least Developed Countries Fund and the Special Climate Change Fund, as appropriate; (b) Energy: take action to address the energy vulnerability of small island developing States, to promote access to energy-efficient technologies, renewable energy and advanced clean energy technologies that are affordable and readily adaptable to the special circumstances of small island developing States; (c) Intellectual property rights and development: take action to protect intellectual property in small island developing States, including traditional knowledge and folklore, and recognize their value; (d) Biodiversity: take action to build representative systems of terrestrial and marine protected areas and to advance the development of the Convention on Biological Diversity programme of work on island biodiversity, and facilitate access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of their utilization; (e) Culture and development: take action to promote the development of cultural industries in small island developing States, including through cultural exchanges among small island developing States and other countries; (f) Natural and environmental disasters: take action to develop partnerships to implement schemes that spread out risks, reduce insurance premiums, expand insurance coverage and thereby increase financing for postdisaster reconstruction and rehabilitation, and establish and strengthen effective early warning systems and other mitigation and response measures; (g) Marine resources: take action to promote national and regional efforts in the sustainable management of marine resources of small island developing States, through appropriate assessment and management of fish stocks and effective monitoring and surveillance of fishing efforts, including appropriate enforcement measures to minimize illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and overharvesting, mapping the exclusive economic zones, and improving and strengthening existing regional mechanisms, where appropriate; (h) Agriculture and rural development: take action to promote agricultural competitiveness through the long-term development of efficient agricultural systems, diversification and value-added activities, and to ensure food security, inter alia, through research and development; (i) HIV/AIDS: take action to urgently intensify action at all levels to prevent and combat the spread of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria and other communicable and non-communicable diseases, and mitigate the impact of these diseases; (j) Transport and security: take action to promote access to appropriate technology and increased technical and other assistance to further develop and manage transport infrastructure in small island developing States to meet international requirements, including those relating to security, as well as to minimize environmental impacts; (k) Sustainable production and consumption: take action to develop appropriate mechanisms to address the challenges associated with the design and implementation of the sustainable production and consumption strategies of small island developing States at the national and regional levels; (l) Information and communication technology: take action to enhance ICT development, including connectivity and access to affordable hardware and software. 85. To assist small island developing States in this regard will require: (a) Substantially increasing the flow of financial and other relevant resources, both public and private, and ensuring their effective use; (b) Improved trade opportunities; (c) Access to and transfer of environmentally sound technologies on a concessional or preferential basis, as mutually agreed; (d) Education and awareness-raising; (e) Capacity-building and information for decision-making and scientific capabilities; (f) National country-driven and country-owned strategies for sustainable development, including poverty reduction and resilience-building. 86. Small island developing States reaffirm their commitment to meeting the sustainable development goals and priorities contained in the Programme of Action by, inter alia, more effective utilization of available resources and reinforcing their national sustainable development strategies and mechanisms. The success of the present Strategy at the national level will depend on effective human, institutional and technical capacity development, effective monitoring and coordination, including through the support of small island developing States regional organizations. At the global level, it is essential for the international community to support these goals and assist in the implementation of actions to achieve them, particularly through the provision of financial and technical support. see the complete chapter