The Security Council Committee pursuant to resolutions 751 (1992) and 1907 (2009) concerning Somalia and Eritrea (hereafter “the Committee”) oversees the sanctions measures imposed by the Security Council.
 

Somalia: sanctions measures

Measure

Description

Exemptions to the measures

Arms Embargo

All Member States are required to implement the arms embargo on all deliveries of weapons and military equipment to Somalia, including the prohibition of financing of all acquisitions and deliveries of weapons and military equipment, and the direct or indirect supply to Somalia of technical advice, financial and other assistance, and training related to military activities, until the Council decides otherwise.

Set out in paragraph 3 of resolution 2182 (2014), paragraph 2 of resolution 2142 (2014), and paragraphs 7, 10 and 11 of resolution 2111 (2013)

Arms Embargo (Targeted ban – individuals and entities )

All Member States are required to take the necessary measures to prevent the direct or indirect supply, sale or transfer of weapons and military equipment, and the direct or indirect supply of technical assistance or training, financial and other assistance, including investment, brokering or other financial services related to military activities, or to the supply, sale transfer, manufacture, maintenance or use of weapons and military equipment to the individuals or entities designated by the Committee.

None

Travel Ban

All Member States are required to take the necessary measures to prevent the entry into or transit through their territories of individuals designated by the Committee.

Set out in paragraph 2 of resolution 1844 (2008)

Assets Freeze

All Member States are required to freeze without delay funds, other financial assets and economic resources which are on their territories, that are owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by individuals and entities designated by the Committee, or by individuals or entities acting on their behalf or at their direction, or by entities owned or controlled by them, as designated by the Committee.

All Member States are required to ensure that any funds, financial assets or economic resources are prevented from being made available by their nationals or by any individuals or entities within their territories, to or for the benefit of individuals or entities designated by the Committee.

Set out in paragraph 4 of resolution 1844 (2008) and paragraph 41 of resolution 2182 (2014)

Charcoal Ban

All Member States are required to take the necessary measures to prevent the direct or indirect import of charcoal from Somalia, whether or not such charcoal originated in Somalia.

Somali authorities are required take the necessary measures to prevent the export of charcoal from Somalia.

None


Eritrea: sanctions measures

Measure

Description

Exemptions to the measure 

Two-way Arms Embargo

All Member States are required to take the necessary measures to prevent the sale or supply to Eritrea by their national or from their territories or using their flag vessels or aircraft, of arms and related materiel of all types, including weapons and ammunition, military vehicles and equipment, paramilitary equipment, and spare parts for the aforementioned, and technical assistance, training, financial and other assistance related to military activities or to the provision, manufacture, maintenance or use of these items, whether or not originating in their territories.

Eritrea shall not supply, sell or transfer directly or indirectly from its territory or by its nationals or using its flag vessels or aircraft any arms or related material.

All Member States are required to prohibit the procurement of the above mentioned items, training and assistance from Eritrea by their nationals, or using their flag vessels or aircraft, whether or not originating in the territory of Eritrea.

Set out in paragraphs 12 and 13 of resolution 2111 (2013).

Arms Embargo

(Targeted ban: individuals and entities)

All Member States are required to take the necessary measures to prevent the direct or indirect supply, sale or transfer by their nationals or from their territories or using their flag vessels or aircraft of arms and related materiel of all types, including weapons and ammunition, military vehicles and equipment, paramilitary equipment, and spare parts for the aforementioned and the direct or indirect supply of technical assistance or training, financial and other assistance including investment, brokering or other financial services, related to military activities or to the supply, sale, transfer, manufacture, maintenance or use of weapons and military equipment to the individuals or entities designated by the Committee.

None

Travel Ban

All Member States are required to take the necessary measures to prevent the entry into or transit through their territories of individuals designated by the Committee.

Set out in paragraph 11 of resolution 1907 (2009).

Assets Freeze

All Member States are required to freeze without delay funds, other financial assets and economic resources which are on their territories that are owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by individuals and entities designated by the Committee or by individuals or entities acting on their behalf or their direction.

Set out in paragraph 14 of resolution 1907 (2009).
 

All Member States are required to ensure that no funds, financial assets or economic resources are made available by their nationals or by any individuals or entities within their territories to or for the benefit of such individuals or entities.

  

 

Work and mandate of the Committee

The Committee comprises all 15 members of the Security Council and makes its decision by consensus. The current Chair of the Committee, for the period ending 31 December 2016, is His Excellency Mr. Rafael Darío Ramírez Carreño (Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)). The two Vice-Chairs for 2016 are Egypt and Japan. The Committee prepares annual reports of its activities. The Committee has Guidelines for the conduct of its work. Formal and informal meetings of the Committee are announced in the Journal of the United Nations. The work of the Committee is supported by the Somalia and Eritrea Monitoring Group.

The Committee is mandated inter alia to:

  • oversee the implementation of the sanctions measures
  • consider and decide upon notifications and requests for exemptions from the sanctions measures
  • designate individuals and entities who meet the listing criteria as contained in the relevant resolutions
  • receive and send notifications regarding maritime interdiction of charcoal and arms
  • examine the Member States’ reports submitted pursuant to relevant resolutions
  • examine the reports presented by the Somalia and Eritrea Monitoring Group (SEMG)
  • examine the findings of the arms and ammunition joint verification team for Somalia
  • report every 120 days to the Security Council on the implementation of the sanction measures, with its observations and recommendations on ways to strengthen those, as well as on possible cases of non-compliance, including on the appropriate course of actions;
  • conduct outreach activities.

Background information

The Committee was initially established pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia on 24 April 1992 to oversee the general and complete arms embargo imposed by Security Council resolution 733 (1992). Following the adoption of resolution 1907 (2009), which imposed a sanctions regime on Eritrea and expanded the Committee's mandate, the Committee changed its name on 26 February 2010 to “Security Council Committee pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) and 1907 (2009) concerning Somalia and Eritrea”.

Further information on measures

Arms Embargo

The Security Council first imposed a general and complete arms embargo on Somalia on 23 January 1992 with the adoption of resolution 733 (1992). Subsequent resolutions elaborated, amended and introduced exemptions to arms embargo on Somalia. In resolution 2111 (2013), adopted on 24 July 2013, the Security Council consolidated the exemptions to the arms embargo on Somalia and Eritrea in one single resolution.

By resolution 2093 (2013), the Council decided to partially lift the arms embargo on Somalia for deliveries of weapons or military equipment or the provision of advice, assistance or training, intended solely for the development of the Security Forces of the Federal Government. This modification of the arms embargo on Somalia does not apply to the items listed in the annex of the resolutions for which an exemption is required (paragraph 7 of resolution 2111 (2013)). By resolution 2142 (2014) , the Council decided to extend the partial lifting of the arms embargo for the Federal Government of Somalia until 24 October 2014, and by resolution 2182 (2014) until 30 October 2015.

Targeted Sanctions

By resolution 1844 (2008) and resolution 1907 (2009), the Security Council decided to impose individual targeted sanctions (an arms embargo, including training and financial assistance, on individuals and entities; a travel ban on individuals; and an assets freeze on individuals and entities, as designated by the Committee). Paragraphs 2 and 4 of resolution 1844 (2008) as well as paragraphs 11 and 14 of resolution 1907 (2009) contain exemptions to those measures.

Under the Somalia sanctions regime, the Committee is mandated to consider designating individuals or entities on the basis of the criteria contained in paragraph 8 of resolution 1844 (2008), paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of resolution 2002 (2011), paragraph 23 of resolution 2036 (2012), paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of resolution 2060 (2012), and paragraph 43 of resolution 2093 (2013).

Under the Eritrea sanctions regime, the Committee is mandated to consider designating individuals and entities on the basis of criteria contained in paragraph 15 of resolution 1907 (2009).

Charcoal Ban

In paragraph 22 of resolution 2036 (2012), the Security Council imposed a ban on the direct or indirect import of charcoal from Somalia, whether or not such charcoal originated in Somalia. Furthermore, the Council decided that Somali authorities shall take the necessary measures to prevent the export of charcoal from Somalia. In resolution 2111 (2013), the Council requested that AMISOM support and assist the Somali authorities in taking all the necessary measures to prevent the export and import of charcoal from Somalia. In resolution 2124 (2013), the Council requested the Secretary-General and his Special Representative to raise awareness amongst relevant Member States on their requirements to abide by the charcoal ban. In resolution 2182 (2014), the Council authorised Member States or voluntary multinational naval partnerships to interdict charcoal and weapons on vessels in Somali territorial waters and on the high seas ( including the Arabian sea and Persian Gulf) that may be carrying Somali charcoal and weapons destined for Somalia or designated individuals and entities.

 Somalia: summary of listing criteria

Criteria

Relevant Resolution

Engaging in, or providing support for, acts that threaten the peace, security or stability of Somalia, including acts that threaten the peace and reconciliation process in Somalia, or obstruct, undermine or threaten the Federal Government of Somalia, AMISOM or UNSOM by force

Paragraph 8 (a) of resolution 1844 (2008);

Paragraph 1 (a) of resolution 2002 (2011);

Paragraph 1 and 3 of resolution 2060 (2012);

Paragraph 43 (a) of resolution 2093 (2013).

Acting in violation of the arms embargo on Somalia or as having acted in violation of the arms resale and transfer restrictions

Paragraph 8 (b) of resolution 1844 (2008); Paragraph 1 (b) of resolution 2002 (2011); Paragraph 43 (b) of resolution 2093 (2013).

Obstructing the delivery of humanitarian assistance to Somalia, or access to, or distribution of, humanitarian assistance in Somalia

Paragraph 8 (c) of resolution 1844 (2008); Paragraph 1 (c) of resolution 2002 (2011); Paragraph 43 (c) of resolution 2093 (2013).

Recruiting or using children in armed conflicts in Somalia in violation of applicable international law by political or military leaders

Paragraph 1 (d) of resolution 2002 (2011); Paragraph 43 (d) of resolution 2093 (2013).

Violating applicable international law in Somalia involving the targeting of civilians including children and women in situations of armed conflict, including killing and maiming, sexual and gender-based violence, attacks on schools and hospitals and abduction and forced displacement

Paragraph 1 (e) of resolution 2002 (2001); Paragraph 43 (e) of resolution 2093 (2013).

Engaging in the export or direct or indirect import of charcoal from Somalia

Paragraph 2 (a) of resolution 2060 (2012).

Engaging in any non-local commerce via Al-Shabaab controlled ports which constitutes financial support for a designated entity

Paragraph 2 (b) of resolution 2060 (2012).

Misappropriating financial resources which undermines the Transitional Federal Institutions’ and their post-transition successors’ ability to fulfil their obligations in delivering services within the framework of the Djibouti Agreement

Paragraph 2 (c) of resolution 2060 (2012).

Eritrea: summary of listing criteria

Criteria

Relevant Resolution

Violating the arms embargo on Eritrea

Paragraph 15 (a) of resolution 1907 (2009).

Providing support from Eritrea to armed opposition groups which aim to destabilise the region

Paragraph 15 (b) of resolution 1907 (2009).

Obstructing implementation of resolution 1862 (2009) concerning Djibouti

Paragraph 15 (c) of resolution 1907 (2009).

Harbouring, financing, facilitating, supporting, organizing, training, or inciting individuals or groups to perpetrate acts of violence or terrorist acts against other States or their citizens in the region

Paragraph 15 (d) of resolution 1907 (2009).

Obstructing the investigations of work of the Somalia and Eritrea Monitoring Group

Paragraph 15 (e) of resolution 1907 (2009).