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Objective: This qualitative study explored the views and experiences of adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV in Kigali, Rwanda, regarding sex, love, marriage, children and hope for the future. Design: The study enrolled 42 adolescents who had received combination antiretroviral therapy for at least 12 months, and a selection of their primary caregivers. Study methods included 3 multiple day workshops consisting of role-playing and focus group discussions (FGDs) with adolescents, 8 in-depth interviews with adolescents, and one FGD with caregivers. …
This paper discusses the limitations of conventional Information, Education and Communication (IEC) approaches to HIV prevention and describes Stepping Stones, one approach which 1) is more holistic in recognising the location of HIV in a broader sexual and reproductive health (SRH) context; 2) emphasises the importance of a gendered perspective throughout; and 3) works on the basis that, with good facilitation, ordinary community members are those most able to develop the best solutions for their own sexual health needs.
The disappearance of traditional sex education during rites of passage in African societies has left many youth uncertain of where to look for information. Against this backcloth, the objectives of this study were to identify knowledge gaps amongst adolescents in Kenya regarding sexuality, HIV/AIDS and reproductive health. A thematic analysis was conducted of questions posed by 735 school youth aged 12–18 years from Meru and Kajiado Districts. Results show that many questions showed curiosity and anxiousness. …
This Review is a collaboration between HAICU, based at the University of Cape Town, and the CSA, based at the University of Pretoria. These two organisations are committed to finding ways to understand and explain the HIV and AIDS epidemics, and to determining how tertiary institutions and the wider society may come to address and act on the many complex and fascinating social, moral, political, economic and educational issues that the epidemics raise.
Objective: To investigate the views of school pupils on sexual violence and on the risk of HIV infection and AIDS and their experiences of sexual violence. Design: National cross sectional study. Setting: 5162 classes in 1418 South African schools. Participants: 269 705 school pupils aged 10-19 years in grades 6-11. Main outcome measure: Answers to questions about sexual violence and about the risk of HIV infection and AIDS. Results: Misconceptions about sexual violence were common among both sexes, but more females held views that would put them at high risk of HIV infection. …
Data from two primary schools in Durban, South Africa finds that discussions on gender and sexuality during life skills lessons are not sufficiently in-depth and comprehensive. Teachers find it difficult to provide comprehensive information on sex, sexuality and gender at the primary school level due to discourses on childhood innocence. The paper discusses implications for teacher training in the conclusion.
This behavioral change communication material development guideline has been developed by the Federal HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Office (FHAPCO) in collaboration with the Ethiopian health sector development partners working on communication in HIV. The document offers step-by-step guidelines for developing/producing accurate, useful, and action oriented behavioral change communication materials to meet the communication needs of HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care and support programs. The document is divided into three major sections. …
Sexual violence is a significant problem in South Africa. Such encounters bring psychological trauma, social stigma, and the risk of pregnancy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Existing qualitative research indicates that survivors have difficulty concentrating on school-work, with many reportedly losing interest and some leaving school. The relationship between these experiences and school enrolment and educational attainment has not been quantified in sub-Saharan Africa. …
Around the world youth often do not have access to basic sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information, skills in negotiating sexual relationships and access to affordable confidential SRH services. They lack proper knowledge about their own or their partners' sexuality, communicate very little about sex in their relationships, and believe in numerous sexual myths. In Bangladesh, youth aged 15-24 years represent approximately one-sixth (23 million) of the total population. …
This supplement of the Scandinavian Journal of Public Health includes contains a series of freely accessible articles on school-based HIV/AIDS prevention in sub-Saharan Africa. …
This guide aims to support young people's sexual pleasure and health, and to help them develop strong intimate relationships. It explores how human rights and sexual well-being are related and suggests strategies to help make decisions about dating, relationships, sex and parenthood. …
This document from the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) examines one aspect of HIV transmission in Asia: women at risk of acquiring HIV because they are intimate partners of men with high-risk behaviors. The term "HIV transmission in intimate partner relationships" is used to describe the transmission of HIV to women from their long-term male partners who inject drugs, have sex with other men, or are clients of sex workers.
Recent evidence suggests that conditional cash transfer programs for schooling are effective in raising school enrollment and attendance. However, there is also reason to believe that such programs can affect other outcomes, such as the sexual behavior of their young beneficiaries. Zomba Cash Transfer Program is a randomized, ongoing conditional cash transfer intervention targeting young women in Malawi that provides incentives (in the form of school fees and cash transfers) to current schoolgirls and recent dropouts to stay in or return to school. …
Lessons and exercices adapted from the book "AIDS working with young people". Divided in four basic types of activity: HIV and AIDS - the facts (lesson 1); HIV and AIDS - transmission (lesson 2); Attitudes to HIV and AIDS (lesson 3); Focusing on sex and HIV (lesson 4).
This document is the sixth volume in a series of eight "question and answer" booklets developed in Kyrgyzstan by UNICEF and the GTZ. Similar booklets have been initially developed by GTZ in Tanzania and then adapted to different countries. The present series consists of an adaptation to the needs and cultural context of Kyrgyzstan, based on a survey realized among Kyrgyz adolescents. It is designed to provide young people with the necessary knowledge to make healthy choices for themselves and their peers. …
