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UNESCO HIV and Health Education Clearinghouse

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  1. State variation in HIV/AIDS health outcomes: the effect of spending on social services and public health

    Objective: Despite considerable advances in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS, the burden of new infections of HIV and AIDS varies substantially across the country. Previous studies have demonstrated associations between increased healthcare spending and better HIV/AIDS outcomes; however, less is known about the association between spending on social services and public health spending and HIV/AIDS outcomes. …

  2. Revealing the full extent of households’ experiences of HIV and AIDS in rural South Africa

    Households experience HIV and AIDS in a complex and changing set of environments. These include health and welfare treatment and support services, HIV-related stigma and discrimination, and individual and household social and economic circumstances. This paper documents the experiences of 12 households directly affected by HIV and AIDS in rural KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, between 2002 and 2004. The households were observed during repeated visits over a period of more than a year by ethnographically trained researchers. …

  3. Kenya Demographic and Health Survey: key indicators 2014

    The 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) is a national sample survey that targeted 40,300 households designed to provide detailed information on aspects of health across Kenya and in each of the 47 counties. The KDHS is conducted every five years. The 2014 KDHS was the sixth survey of its kind to be conducted in Kenya, following those carried out in 1989, 1993, 1998, 2003, and 2008-09, and it is the first KDHS to provide information at the county level. …

  4. Rwanda demographic and health survey 2014/2015: key findings

    This publication highlights the key findings of 2014-15 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS 5), a nationally representative survey of 13,497 women age 15-49 and 5,585 men age 15-59 from 12,793 interviewed households. …

  5. National HIV and AIDS strategic plan 2015/2016 - 2019/2020. Abridged version

    The Abridged Version of the National Strategic Plan 2015/2016—2019/2020(NSP) is a synthesis of the detailed National Strategic Plan for purposes of dissemination and quick reference. It particularly targets policy-makers at all levels to facilitate quick decision-making.

  6. Experiences of pregnant adolescents - voices from Wakiso district, Uganda

    Background: In Uganda, morbidity and mortality among adolescent mothers and their children are high. Social factors behind this problem need to be better understood. Objective: To explore problems that pregnant adolescents face in order to design appropriate policies and interventions. Methods: This was a descriptive study that utilized qualitative methods for data collection. The study population comprised of pregnant adolescents, adolescent mothers, opinion leaders, In-charge of health unit, and Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) in Wakiso district, Uganda. …

  7. Coping with unintended pregnancies: Narratives from adolescents in Nairobi’s slums

    The health and other risks associated with early pregnancy and sexual activity raise urgent need for appropriate interventions and programs to address adolescent reproductive behaviors. It is important to understand the circumstances surrounding, and factors associated with unintended pregnancies among young people, the challenges that limit their ability to protect their sexual and reproductive health, and how they deal with the outcomes of unintended pregnancy. …

  8. Adding it up: The costs and benefits of investing in sexual and reproductive health

    To help decision-makers evaluate the investments needed in developing countries, this report provides new estimates, for 2014, of the needs for and costs and benefits of sexual and reproductive health interventions in three key areas: Contraceptive services; Maternal, newborn and other pregnancy-related care; Selected services related to HIV and other STIs for women of reproductive age. …

  9. Financing the South African national strategic plan for HIV, STIs and TB 2012-2016. An analysis of funding, funding gaps and financing considerations

    The purpose of this paper is to analyse resource requirements to implement the NSP as well as available sources of funding so as to determine financial gaps and potential strategies to fill those gaps. The analysis was based on a review of relevant costing reports and models prepared recently in South Africa. These reports and models are referred to and referenced in the body of this report. The analysis provides a snap shot of funding needs and gaps for HIV and TB as of mid-way through the 2013/14 financial year as the collection of financial data for this analysis was completed by that date.

  10. Effective approaches for programming to reduce adolescent vulnerability to HIV infection, HIV risk, and HIV-related morbidity and mortality: A systematic review of systematic reviews

    Background: In 2012, an estimated 2.1 million adolescents were living with HIV. Though there are effective interventions to prevent and treat HIV infection, adolescents face specific barriers in accessing them. As a result, new infections and poor outcomes among HIV-infected adolescents are common. HIV programming for adolescents should focus on interventions of proven effectiveness and address underlying factors driving incidence and lack of effective treatment and care in this age group. …

  11. The intergenerational impact of the African orphans crisis: a cohort study from an HIV/AIDS affected area

    Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of orphanhood among children has been greatly exacerbated by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. If orphanhood harms a child’s development and these effects perpetuate into adult life, then the African orphan crisis could seriously jeopardize the continent’s future generations. Whether or not there exists an adverse, causal and intergenerational effect of HIV/AIDS on development is of crucial importance for setting medical priorities. …

  12. National Reproductive Health Policy 2007-2014

    This Policy will focus on six priority components to include current developments in the area of reproductive morbidity. …

  13. Unintended pregnancy and abortion in Uganda

    Unintended pregnancy is common in Uganda, leading to high levels of unplanned births, unsafe abortions, and maternal injury and death. Because most pregnancies that end in abortion are unwanted, nearly all ill health and mortality resulting from unsafe abortion is preventable. This report summarizes evidence on the context and consequences of unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion in Uganda, points out gaps in knowledge, and highlights steps that can be taken to reduce levels of unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion, and, in turn, the high level of maternal mortality.

  14. Schools Against AIDS: Secondary School Enrollment and Cross-National Disparities in AIDS Death Rates

    Although AIDS is a leading cause of death worldwide, the consequences of the pandemic are remarkably unequally distributed cross-nationally. This unequal global distribution of AIDS deaths should be of interest to sociologists because of the potential role of structural forces in accounting for these disparities. Yet, there has been relatively little sociological research on this topic. Using underutilized cross national data on AIDS deaths, this study examines the macro-level sources of variation in AIDS death rates across 115 countries. …

  15. The global HIV epidemics among people who inject drugs

    This publication addresses research questions related to an increase in the levels of access and utilization for four key interventions that have the potential to significantly reduce HIV infections among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) and their sexual and injecting partners, and hence morbidity and mortality in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). These interventions are drawn from nine consensus interventions that comprise a 'comprehensive package' for PWID. …

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