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A clear understanding of geographic distribution of HIV-infected people and maintaining up-to-date lists and locations of facilities providing HIV-related services are essential for monitoring the epidemic and for providing treatment, care, and support services to the infected and their families. In this study, we model and map human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in Kenya in relation to its spatial and behavioral determinants, using data from the 2003 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). …
Para seguir con la respuesta nacional al VIH-SIDA, el Programa Nacional hizo una amplia convocatoria de instituciones y organizaciones relacionadas con esta problemática, a fin de actualizar para los años 2005-2010 el Plan Estratégico Nacional para la Prevención, Atención y Control del VIH-SIDA e ITS existente. …
This paper presents unique evidence that orphanhood matters in the long run for health and education outcomes, in a region of Northwestern Tanzania. The paper studies a sample of 718 non-orphaned children surveyed in 1991-94, who were traced and re-interviewed as adults in 2004. A large proportion, 19 percent, lost one or more parents before the age of 15 in this period, allowing the authors to assess the permanent health and education impacts of orphanhood. The analysis controls for a wide range of child and adult characteristics before orphanhood, as well as community fixed effects. …
In 2005, an estimated 48 million children aged 0-18 years, that is to say 12 percent of all children in sub-Saharan Africa, were orphans, and that number is expected to rise to 53 million by 2010. One quarter of all orphans are orphaned because of AIDS, and about 2.6 million children are currently infected with HIV. In response to the general awareness of the increasing number of these children, a global initiative to develop national plans of action (NPAs) for these orphans and vulnerable children (OVCs), or children affected by HIV and AIDS, has been launched. …
The World Bank developed its initial Multi-Country AIDS Program (MAP) in 1999, their program to reduce the impact and future path of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Since that time, the landscape surrounding the epidemic has changed dramatically. Given this new information, the World Bank has decided to update its approach regarding the HIV/AIDS epidemic, and write a new strategy plan, Agenda for Action 2007-2011. …
