All persons employed directly on R&D, as well as those providing direct services such as R&D managers, administrators and clerical staff. Persons providing an indirect service, such as canteen and security staff, should be excluded.R&D personnel may be classified by occupation or level of formal qualification. The approach by occupation is preferable for international comparison of the number of personnel employed in R&D.
R&D surveys.
OECD (2002), Frascati Manual: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development, §294-299.