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LA ORGANIZACIÓN

   Sus grandes ámbitos de actuación y sus prioridades
   Sobre la UNESCO

La UNESCO despliega su acción en las esferas de Educación, Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, Cultura, Comunicación e Información.


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Alumnos de una escuela de Ferdeusi, en Afganistán.
©UNESCO/Manoocher
Educación
La UNESCO es la agencia de Naciones Unidas especializada en la educación. Desde su creación en 1945 trabaja para mejorar la educación en todo el mundo ofreciendo asistencia técnica, fijando normas, desarrollando proyectos innovadores, reforzando las capacidades y poniendo en contacto a los diferentes actores. El programa Educación Para Todos (EPT) dirige la acción de la Organización de aquí a 2015, en el ámbito de la educación y a través de las actividades intersectoriales en todas sus áreas de competencia.

Las prioridades de la UNESCO en materia de educación son:

  • Educación básica para todos, haciendo hincapié especialmente en la alfabetización, la educación preventiva contra el VIH/sida y la formación de docentes en África Subsahariana;

  • La enseñanza secundaria, comprendidas la enseñanza y la formación técnicas y profesionales, así como la enseñanza científica y tecnológica.

  • El fomento de la enseñanza de calidad, haciéndose especial referencia a la transmisión de valores y a la formación de docentes;

  • Educación superior

    Ciencias Exactas y naturales

    Desde su fundación, la UNESCO ha desarrollado muchos programas internacionales encaminados a evaluar y administrar los recursos naturales del planeta. En la mayoría de los países del Sur, la Organización participa reforzando las capacidades científicas y tecnológicas en beneficio del desarrollo.
    Las prioridades científicas de la UNESCO son:

  • Los recursos hídricos y los sistemas conexos

  • Los océanos

  • La creación de capacidades en ciencias básicas y de la ingeniería, la formulación de políticas referentes a la ciencia, y el fomento de una cultura de mantenimiento

  • El fomento de la aplicación de la ciencia, la ingeniería y las tecnologías adecuadas con miras al desarrollo sostenible, el aprovechamiento y la gestión de los recursos naturales, la preparación para los casos de catástrofe y la mitigación de sus efectos y la búsqueda de fuentes de energía renovables.

    Ciencias Sociales y Humanas

    Las ciencias sociales y humanas desempeñan un papel primordial ya que ayudan a comprender y a interpretar el contexto económico, cultural y social. Alimentan la investigación, determinan y analizan las tendencias y proponen medios de acción.
    Las prioridades de la UNESCO en materia de ciencias sociales y humanas son:

  • La ética de la ciencia y la tecnología, con especial hincapié en la bioética

  • La promoción de los derechos humanos y la lucha contra todas las formas de discriminación, racismo, xenofobia y las formas conexas de intolerancia mediante actividades en las esferas de competencia de la UNESCO

  • La prospectiva, la filosofía, las ciencias humanas, la democracia y la mejora de la seguridad humana

  • La gestión de las transformaciones sociales
    Cultura
    Preservar y respetar aquello que es específico de cada cultura, llevándolas al mismo tiempo a preservar y respetar lo que es específico del Otro, a una actitud que las una y las rebase en un mundo más interactivo e interdependiente es en lo que consiste el desafío que han de afrontar el conjunto de la comunidad internacional y, en su nombre, la UNESCO y sus asociados.

    Las prioridades de la UNESCO en materia de cultura son:

  • Promoción de la diversidad cultural, con especial hincapié en el patrimonio material e inmaterial

  • Las políticas culturales y el diálogo y entendimiento entre las culturas y entre las creencias religiosas

  • Industrias culturales y expresiones artísticas

    Comunicación e Información

    Los programas de la UNESCO concernientes a la comunicación y a la información encuentran sus raíces en la Constitución de la Organización, que afirma que tiene que promover la libre circulación de las ideas a través de la palabra y la imagen. El objetivo principal de la UNESCO es poner en funcionamiento una verdadera sociedad del conocimiento que esté fundada en el reparto del saber y que incorpore todas las dimensiones socioculturales y éticas del desarrollo sostenible.

    Las prioridades de la UNESCO en materia de comunicación e información:

  • Promover la autonomía mediante el acceso a la información y al conocimiento con especial hincapié en la libertad de expresión

  • Promover el desarrollo de la comunicación

  • Fomento de la utilización de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para la educación, la ciencia y la cultura



  • Sitios web

    Afghanistan
    UNESCO helps in reconstructing Afghanistan in support of Afghanistan's search for peace, security and development. The foundation of UNESCO's approach towards the Afghan crisis is the need to help Afghanistan to help itself. Thus, leadership of Afghanistan's recovery and reconstruction process must rest with Afghans themselves. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Africa
    The Priority Africa Department was set up in April 1996. As a coordinating unit, its main purpose is to give impetus to UNESCO’s action in Africa so as to reflect in all its programmes the priority that is specially accorded to the Africa region and ensure that these programmes are adapted to the needs and aspirations of African Member States. The Department also promotes the continent’s participation in the globalization process and strengthen regional and subregional cooperation. Más | Ir al sitio web

    AIDS
    UNESCO, as one of the key partners of UNAIDS, has been actively involved in preventive education actions around the world. UNESCO's reponse to the HIV/AIDS pandemic seeks to combat complacenty, challenge stigmatization, overcome the tyranny of silence, and promote more caring attitudes. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Bioethics
    Bioethics, as an awareness of the implications of the advances made in the life and health sciences, in particular genetics and molecular biology, is the basis of an ever-growing debate which transcends borders, since the concerns it expresses inevitably take on an international dimension. It is part of UNESCO's universal and transcultural role to involve all countries in this debate. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Biosphere
    UNESCO’s Programme on Man and the Biosphere (MAB) develops the basis, within the natural and the social sciences, for the sustainable use and conservation of biological diversity, and for the improvement of the relationship between people and their environment globally. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Biotechnology / Life Science
    The global and ever increasing problems of water and food security threaten global peace initiatives and hamper national development in the developing and least developed countries with an agrarian based economy. The toll of the HIV/AIDS pandemic on these economies as well as the advent of new emerging and re-emerging diseases are issues which preoccupy scientists and governments today. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Chairs UNITWIN/ UNESCO
    Launched in 1992, this Programme is UNESCO's most important intersectoral downstream activity in the field of higher education with almost 500 UNESCO Chairs and networks established in 113 Member States. A privileged mechanism for knowledge transfer and capacity-building in the spirit of solidarity with and between developing countries, its main participants are hundreds of universities and many important higher-education NGOs, and hundreds of other organizations, foundations and companies are partners. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Communication and Information
    Information and communication have become major issues for most of the peoples and nations of our planet, not only as they affect development and peace but also as they contribute to the construction of a more just society with stronger ties of solidarity. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Copyright
    Since little is known in many countries about the role of copyright, UNESCO encourages governments to adopt measures which promote creativity and increase the production of national literary, scientific, musical and artistic works, with a view to reducing dependence on foreign sources. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Culture
    In the coming years, UNESCO will focus in the area of culture on cultural heritage in all its aspects, the protection of cultural diversity and the promotion of pluralism and dialogue between cultures and civilizations. Indeed, the theme "protection of cultural diversity and the encouragement of pluralism and dialogue between cultures" has been designated, by the Director-General and the Executive Board, as principal priority. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Culture of Peace
    As defined by the United Nations, the Culture of Peace is a set of values, attitudes, modes of behaviour and ways of life that reject violence and prevent conflicts by tackling their root causes to solve problems through dialogue and negotiation among individuals, groups and nations. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Derechos Humanos
    La UNESCO desempeña un papel activo en el desarrollo y la protección de los derechos humanos mediante la acción normativa, la investigación y la educación. Entre 1997 y 2001, organizó varias conferencias regionales sobre el tema de la educación en derechos humanos, que fomentaron la adopción y la puesta en marcha de diferentes planes de acción nacionales. Más | Ir al sitio web

    E-learning
    The Unit for Special Projects (CI/USP) of the Communication and Information Sector of UNESCO has taken the initiative to create a new site which will be developed in cooperation with the Education Sector, as well as other external partners. The ultimate objective of the e-learning portal is to increase and facilitate access to education resources in different regions of the world in different languages while stimulating professional cooperation to improve the quality of education and learning. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Earth Sciences
    The International Geological Correlation Programme (IGCP) is the global instrument of UNESCO in implementing activities in earth sciences. IGCP projects aim at serving geoscientific needs and focus on practical problems such as increasing demand for mineral resources, groundwater and energy. Thus far, some projects have been carried out, ranging from the interpretation of geodynamic processes and palaeo-ecosystems and the search for natural resources to investigations of global warming. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Education
    UNESCO's action is focused upon ensuring a vigorous and effective follow-up to the Wolrd Education Forum (Dakar, Senegal, April 2000). Priority is accorded to the realization in practice of the universal right to education. UNESCO also promotes the improvement of the quality of education and the renewal of education systems as part of a constinuous effort to ensure that education corresponds to real needs at both individual and societal levels. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Education for All
    The urgency of action regarding the achievement of basic education for all is based on the view that, as we enter the twenty-first century, the denial of anuone's right to education - be they child, youth or adult, be they male or female, be they rich or poor - is fundamentally unacceptable. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Environment
    UNESCO’s contribution to the Johannesburg debate emphasizes that human security and poverty alleviation are inconceivable without sustainable development. This requires that environmental, social and cultural as well as economic aspects of sustainable development be taken together, and that the interactions and interfaces between them be better understood. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Ethics
    In 2000-2001 UNESCO strengthened the major international role it is playing in the ethics of science and technology, in particular with a view to responding to current concerns about the dangers inherent in the growing pace of scientific progress and discoveries and their technological applications. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Geology
    The International Geological Correlation Programme (IGCP) is a joint endeavour of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation) and IUGS (International Union of Geological Sciences). It was launched in 1972 to facilitate cooperation among geoscientists across frontiers and boundaries. Its objective is to bring scientists from all over the world together and enhance interaction, particularly between North and South, through joint research work, meetings and workshops. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Human Genome
    Priority is given to strengthening the impact of the Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights by making it more widely known and especially by fostering incorporation of its principles in national legislation, regulations and practices. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Hydrology
    The International Hydrological Programme (IHP), UNESCO's intergovernmental scientific co-operative programme in water resources, is a vehicle through which Member States can upgrade their knowledge of the water cycle and thereby increase their capacity to better manage and develop their water resources. It also aims at the improvement of the scientific and technological basis for the development of methods for the rational management of water resources, including the protection of the environment. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Management of Social Transformations
    The "Management of Social Transformations" (MOST) Programme, launched in 1994, aims at developing worldwide a knowledge base for the study of social transformations and helping in the formulation of policies in this field through activities ranging from projects to take action or provide expertise to extensive regional and international research and policy networks, and including capacity-building. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Natural Sciences
    Adressing the challenge of sustainable development is perhaps one of the most dauting tasks of the twenty-first century. It will require deep-seated changes in our ways of thinking and acting. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Philosophy
    In recent years, cooperation between philosophers, human and social scientists and decision-makers responsible for social and cultural policies was reinforced in the framework of the activities on "Pathways into the Third Millennium" and of the UNESCO Chairs in philosophy and bioethics and the network of philosophy and democracy. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Poverty alleviation
    The complex and dynamic relationship between education and efforts to eradicate poverty is one which involves all types and levels of education; moreover, it should be well integrated within broader frameworks of economic and social policy, development strategy and anti-poverty initiatives. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Social and Human Sciences
    The social and human sciences, philosophy and future-oriented activities have a key role in UNESCO's function as a laboratory od ideas, in innovatory policy-making and as an intellectual and ethical watch, since the concepts, methodologies and analytical tools of these disciplines can help forge the link between thought and action, knowledges and policies. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Street and Working Children
    At the World Conference on Education for All (Jomtien, Thailand, 1990), the International Community declared that "basic education should be provided to all children, youth and adults…the poor, street and working children should not suffer any discrimination in access to learning opportunities". Más | Ir al sitio web

    Sustainable Development
    UNESCO’s contribution to the Johannesburg debate emphasizes that human security and poverty alleviation are inconceivable without sustainable development. This requires that environmental, social and cultural as well as economic aspects of sustainable development be taken together, and that the interactions and interfaces between them be better understood. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Tolerance
    Since the end of the cold war, there has been a steady increase in social, religious and cultural conflicts. Too many have quickly turned into full-scale armed conflicts; too many fundamental human rights have come under direct assault, too many lives have been lost. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Water
    Water resources and their associated ecosystems are under great threat. To provide appropriate knowledge bases for water security in the twenty-first century is a major challenge that also requires interdisciplinary cooperation among all programmes dealing with environment and development issues. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Women
    The empowerment of women and the achievement of gender equality are indispensable for sustainable development and the full respect for and enjoyment of human rights, as expressed at the Fourth World Conference on Women (Beijing 1995) and subsequent decisions of UNESCO's governing bodies. UNESCO's fields of competence play an important role in this process and, inversely, it is of key importance to promote gender equality. Más | Ir al sitio web

    World Heritage
    The UNESCO World Heritage Centre is the Secretariat to the World Heritage Committee and was established in 1992 to develop an integrated multidisciplinary approach to the conservation of both cultural and natural heritage of outstanding universal value. The Centre works to encourage adherence to, and more effective implementation of the Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, to which 162 Member States are parties. Más | Ir al sitio web

    Youth
    UNESCO's involvement in the field of youth stems from the beginning of the organization in 1946. After the second World War, UNESCO (at the time only with 20 Member States) helped organize international volunteer youth work camps to aid in the reconstruction of Europe. Almost fifty years later in November 1996, 186 Member States at the 29th Session of the UNESCO General Conference reaffirmed and stressed their unanimous commitment to youth as a priority for the whole Organization. Más | Ir al sitio web

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