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There is a growing body of research focused on the association between school-based physical activity, including physical education, and academic performance among school-aged youth. To better understand these connections, this review includes studies from a range of physical activity contexts, including school-based physical education, recess, classroom-based physical activity (outside of physical education and recess), and extracurricular physical activity. …
What programs delay sexual initiation, improve contraceptive use among sexually active teens, and/or prevent teen pregnancy? Over the years, The National Campaign has produced and disseminated a number of detailed reports and publications designed to answer this question. Here, in shorthand form, is an overview of what is known about carefully evaluated interventions that help delay sex, improve contraceptive use, and/or prevent teen pregnancy.
Teenage pregnancy outcomes have become an increasing concern in the United States. Education and support of pregnant teens are critical factors that may determine good or poor pregnancy outcomes. Poor outcomes may include low birth weight, developmental delays, and poor academic performance. Although the number of teenagers experiencing pregnancy and parenting has declined in the U.S., school-based health clinics can be used to provide support and guidance designed to avoid the negative outcomes associated with teenage pregnancy and parenting. …
Current interest in cross-generational sex is largely due to the feminization of the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Young women 15-24 years of age in sub-Saharan Africa are three times more likely to be infected with HIV than young men of the same age, four times more likely in Zambia, and a staggering five times more likely in Zimbabwe. But, in fact, ministries of education and others have had curricula and materials addressing the “sugar daddy” phenomenon for many years. …
This report presents an analysis of public education policies and considers where these policies intersect with programmes aimed at preventing and reducing discrimination and violence against LGBT people. The first part of the report details the current Brazilian social context focusing on: levels of inequality and poverty; educational indicators; data on homophobic violence; and an assessment of dogmatic religious discourses that are increasingly affecting policymaking and implementation in areas pertaining to sexuality. …
This document is a compilation of the laws and policies that make up the legal framework associated with Belize’s national response to HIV/AIDS. Its primary purpose is to serve as a source of legal and policy information for policy makers and HIV/AIDS program developers and implementers. The document begins with a brief summary of a 2008/2009 legislative review initiated by the National AIDS Commission (NAC) to identify legislative gaps in the national response to HIV/AIDS. Following this discussion is a table listing key national laws and policies related to health and HIV/AIDS. …
This report systematizes existing knowledge of effective interventions in the area of juvenile sexual and reproductive health. Its goal is to provide information for designing effective programs, particularly those related to teen pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases and risky sexual behaviors in Latin America and the Caribbean. Drawing on rigorous evidence, this innovative tool is designed to support operations by focusing on the identification and analysis of promising practices. …
More than 25 years since the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), preventing its transmission continues to be a challenge throughout the world; Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are not an exception. The Government of Mexico has called upon the countries of the region to sign a joint Declaration from the Ministries of Education and Health with the firm commitment to utilize a comprehensive sex education approach as a strategic tool for HIV prevention. …
This rapid assessment was undertaken from August to November 2010 and included within that period research, interviews and report writing. The goal of the assessment was to assess and document: 1. Country progress towards universal access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) achievement in Grenada, including the status of bi-directional integration of SRH and HIV services; 2. The policy, systems and services challenges to achieving universal access to comprehensive SRH services; and 3. …
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to be a major public health concern in Trinidad and Tobago. In keeping with the UNAIDS global thrust of examining HIV prevention in order to halt HIV transmission and "Scale-Up" the response, Trinidad and Tobago has conducted a review of its HIV prevention efforts for the period 2004-2010 to guide the way forward in HIV prevention.
Sex/HIV education curricula have disparate effects for females and males. Review of 59 rigorous sex ed evaluations from the U.S. and developing countries. After omitting single sex programs, programs with no effect, and programs that changed only knowledge, 38 remained (25 U.S. and 13 developing country). A third of these failed to disaggregate results by gender, leaving 25. This article looks at why this is the case and how gender affects SRH outcomes.
This annotated guide to technical resources is part of a package of materials produced by YouthNet to help provide global technical leadership on community involvement and youth RH/HIV prevention. Besides this compilation of resources, the package of materials includes: A guide to using participatory assessment techniques at the community level, focusing on youth involvement; A summary of issues that have emerged in the literature; and A report on a technical consultation meeting on the topic held in November 2005. …
This document has been compiled by the International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP)/UNESCO HIV/AIDS Impact on Education Clearinghouse in cooperation with POLICY /Futures Group. It aims to bring together, for ease of access, national and education sector HIV/AIDS policies and strategies adopted by governments to manage the impact of HIV/AIDS on their country or more specifically their education systems, to help protect their populations from infection and to care for those who are infected or affected by HIV/AIDS. …
This paper compares the sexual behaviors of young people in South Africa (SA) and the United States (US) with the aim of better understanding the potential role of sexual behavior in HIV transmission in these two countries that have strikingly different HIV epidemics. Nationally representative, population-based surveys of young people ages 18-24 years from SA (n = 7,548) and the US (n = 13,451) were used. The prevalence of HIV was 10.2% in SA and 1% in the US. …
This systematic review analyzes 24 mass media campaigns' effect on HIV knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. The studies were published between 1990 and 2004 about developing countries and compared outcomes by reviewing pre-and post-intervention data; intervention vs. control groups or post-intervention data across levels of exposure. …
