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The Bantwana Initiative for Orphans and Vulnerable Children, an initiative supported by World Education, Inc. and John Snow, Inc. (JSI), helps communities expand and increase the quality of comprehensive services for orphans and other vulnerable children - and their households - in the communities where they live. The Bantwana Initiative, in collaboration with researchers from Harvard University, developed the child profiling tool to gather information on the impact of the Bantwana School Integrated Program (BSIP) at the level of the child. …
Being young and female are two central aspects of vulnerability to HIV which intersect in the lives of adolescent girls. Both before and within marriage, girls and young women are especially vulnerable to contracting HIV as a result of both their biological susceptibility as well as their relative powerlessness within sexual relationships, the primary means of transmission. Girls and young women are disproportionally infected and affected by HIV and AIDS. …
This report provides a summary of key findings from evaluations of four programs, two in Kenya and two in Tanzania, supporting orphans and other vulnerable children (OVC). The overall aim of these evaluations was to ascertain the extent to which program interventions are effective in improving the well-being of OVC and their families, and the interventions' cost-effectiveness in achieving key outcomes. This report focuses on the overarching outcomes, emerging issues, and lessons learned from these evaluation studies of OVC programs. …
In sub-Saharan Africa, an estimated 12 million children aged 17 and younger have lost one or both parents mainly due to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. In addition, several million other children live with chronically ill and dying parents or caregiver, and others are living with HIV/AIDS themselves. These situations have exposed children to various life threats including dire household poverty, hunger, stigma and discrimination, abuse, and psychological problems. …
This paper analyzes the socioeconomic determinants of HIV infection and related sexual behaviors using the 2004 Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey. The authors find that in Lesotho education appears to have a protective effect: it is negatively associated with HIV infection (although not always significantly) and it strongly predicts preventive behaviors. The findings also show that married women who have extra-marital relationships are less likely to use a condom than non-married women. This is an important source of vulnerability that should be addressed in prevention efforts. …
