TWAS's core idea is that science and technology are essential for sustainable prosperity that brings broad benefits to a society. But science policy is critically important in shaping a nation's research & development investments, its approach to environment, health, education and research ethics, and its approach to international cooperation and science diplomacy. Decision-makers must have access to the right information, often summarized into a form for easier understanding. TWAS’s work in science policy bring some of these issues to the attention of policy-makers and to provide training for scientists and decision-makers in this inter-disciplinary field.

• Science Diplomacy. In collaboration with the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), TWAS is leading a programme that includes lectures, workshops and courses to build a bridge between the worlds of science and diplomacy.
• CATALYST. TWAS has been one of seven partners in the CATALYST Project, which collected and disseminated the best knowledge in the field of Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation
• Solar Radiation Management Governance Initiative. The Solar Radiation Management Governance Initiative (SRMGI) seeks to develop guidelines to ensure that geoengineering research is conducted in a transparent, responsible and environmentally sound manner.
• Global Research Council. The Global Research Council (GRC) is comprised of the heads of science and engineering funding agencies from around the world. The Council promotes best practices for high-quality collaboration among funding agencies worldwide.