This book focuses on 6 key populations, i.e. sex workers, people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, transgender individuals, beach boys and prisoners. It describes reasons why these key populations are at higher risk of acquiring HIV infections, the current situation of Sri Lankan laws and how discrimination and social stigma prevent these particular key population groups approaching health care services. The publication will assist primary health care workers by providing them with valuable knowledge on different groups of people with different identities to ensure equal access for HIV/AIDS services.