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This article examines the relationship among bullying, individual’s identity, and school performance in Chile. The results indicate that being a bully or a bully-victim increases the probability of being a low performing student. For the case of victims, our results suggest a heterogeneity according students’ ability, decreasing academic achievement for students with below average ability, but increasing it for very high achieving students. We also found that students claiming to belong to a subculture characterized by a defiant attitude towards authority have lower academic achievement. …
Objective: Substantial country-level variation exists in prejudiced attitudes towards male homosexuality and in the extent to which countries promote the unequal treatment of MSM through discriminatory laws. The impact and underlying mechanisms of country-level stigma on odds of diagnosed HIV, sexual opportunities, and experience of HIV-prevention services, needs and behaviours have rarely been examined, however. Design: Data come from the European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS), which was administered between June and August 2010 across 38 European countries (N = 174 209). …
This article describes the objectives, theoretical bases, development process, and evaluation efforts to-date for the Circle of Life (COL) curricula, HIV/AIDS prevention interventions designed for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth. The curricula are based on Indigenous models of learning and behavior encompassing concepts of Western theories of health behavior change. The curricula underwent extensive national and community review. Subsequent advances include the development of a computer-based version of the intervention.
In order to accommodate the education needs of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender students American schools need to do more than add LGBT information to the curriculum in sex education class. …
Indigenous communities seek and achieve empowerment and self-determination through the preservation, protection and revitalisation of their indigenous knowledge which have been eroded by colonization, western culture and more recently by globalization. Indigenous knowledge systems refer to the unique, traditional, local knowledge existing within a particular environment and developed around the specific conditions of people indigenous to a particular geographical area. …
Discrimination based on sexual orientation in K–12 education is not prohibited in many school districts across the United States. Teachers who are of the sexual minority (gay, lesbian, or bisexual) must remain closeted or risk losing their jobs. A history of past court decisions and laws deeming sexual minorities to be degenerates from which children should be protected, coupled with little legal protection for sexual minorities, have pressured many educators into remaining quiet about their identity. …
Around the world, people face abuse, arbitrary arrest, extortion, violence, severe discrimination and lack of official protection because of their sexual orientation and/or gender identity. This latest issue of FMR includes 26 articles on the abuse of rights of forced migrants who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or intersex. Authors discuss both the challenges faced and examples of good practice in securing protection for LGBTI forced migrants.
Objective: The aim of this paper is to assess the level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS and its risk factors, attitude towards HIV/AIDS and AIDS patients and its transmission, and to identify high risk behaviors associated with HIV/AIDS among university students in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Methodology: A cross–sectional survey was conducted among students enrolled in two universities, the Xinjiang University (XU) and Xinjiang Medical University (XMU). …
This article has 3 objectives: (a) to chart current Thai sexual/gender-minority terminology and identities, (b) to identify challenges in the lives of sexual/gender minorities in Thailand, and (c) to evaluate how both identities and challenges are reflected in voluntary-sector counseling. The author summarizes terminology and issues from existing Thai and foreign studies and reports the results of a qualitative inquiry into the state of counseling in 3 Thai nongovernmental organizations. …
Over the past two decades, sexual citizenship has emerged as a new form of citizenship coupled with increased interest in the challenges to citizenship and social justice faced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) people and, in particular, by sexual minority youth within education systems. In South Africa, the rights of LGBTI people have been institutionalized by legislation, and research has begun to consider how educators may facilitate a more inclusive school environment for LGBTI youth. …
Maisha+ focuses on sharing experiences and lessons in reaching out to the hard-to-reach community populations in Sub Saharan African with HIV and AIDS interventions. In this issue: -Towards zero HIV infections, discrimination and AIDS deaths for hard to reach communities -Violence against women contributing to spread of HIV -Supporting Associations of people living with HIV in Uganda -Challenges in addressing traditional beliefs and practices in HIV and AIDS among the Maasai -Working with sexual minorities in Rwanda -Stop the discrimination! -testimony from a victim of assault
This article presents a review on HIV/AIDS epidemic history, current situation and prevention policy in China. HIV/AIDS epidemic groups and trends for HIV transmission were also discussed. In January 2006, 650 000 people were estimated to be living with HIV in China. The overall HIV/AIDS epidemic is at a low level (0.05%) and concentrated in several at risk populations. However, the data show that new cases of HIV infection are growing every year and spreading from at risk populations to the general population. …
Número especial de la revista Impacto dedicado al VIH en las comunidades indígenas de América. Artículos sobre diversos aspectos de la epidemia y pueblos originarios en Colombia, Venezuela, Estados Unidos, Canadá y Chile; más otro sobre afrodescendientes y VIH en Uruguay.
This article discusses the problem of AIDS in relation to adolescents in light of the fact that this is a significant concern for this age group especially in minority populations. There is a scarcity of knowledge of the cultural context of sexual behaviour in this age group and the influences that lead to early initiation of sex and unsafe sex. Few efforts targeting young adolescents have been community based although research has shown a need for an increase in such intervention programmes. …
The Tonga of Southern Zambia usually refer to a traditional disease, Kahungo, when talking about AIDS. Such an association of AIDS with a traditional disease could easily be interpreted as a cultural obstacle to an understanding of AIDS and thus to a change of behaviour. However, a close investigation shows that this association is not the result of categorical thinking, but rather of narrative logic. What people are actually articulating when they associate AIDS with kahungo is a narrative about order, disorder and respect for existing rules and values of the society. …
