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Twenty seven years have elapsed since the first HIV case was reported in Fiji in 1989. Since then, in recognising HIV and AIDS as a development issue, the Government, through the collaboration of stakeholders and the coordination of the Ministry of Health and Medical Services, has sustained a national response, in conformity with the changing profile of the epidemic. As with the previous National Strategic Plan (NSP) for STIs, HIV & AIDS, this strategic plan has been updated and expanded to ensure that the response reaches beyond the health sector. …
The Conceptual Framework for Elimination of New HIV infections in Cambodia by 2020 is an important document that recommends key strategies and cost effective and high quality package of priority activities. With the aim of reaching Zero New HIV Infections, and in line with the 2012 WHO guidance the following interventions are being considered: accelerating HIV case detection among most-at-risk populations (MARPs), pregnant women, and partners of PLHIV on care and the immediate initiation of ART as Prevention.
The main objective of NACP IV is to: i. Reduce new infections by 50 percent (2007 Baseline of NACP III); ii. Provide comprehensive care and support to all persons living with HIV/AIDS and treatment services for all those who require it. This will be achieved through the following strategies: i. Intensifying and consolidating prevention services with a focus on (a) high-risk groups and vulnerable population and (b) general population; ii. …
Since the beginning of the epidemic sex workers have experienced a heightened burden of HIV across settings, despite their higher levels of HIV protective behaviors (UNAIDS, 2009). By gaining a deeper understanding of the epidemiologic and broader policy and social context within which sex work is set one begins to quickly gain a sense of the complex backdrop for increased risk to HIV among sex workers. …
This article is an attempt to present and elaborate the HIV/AIDS scenario in Jharkhand state of India, services available, key issues, challenges, and concerns at various levels to mitigate the epidemic. It also examines the role of different stakeholders and agencies in halting and reversing the epidemic. The findings show that there are various challenges that need immediate attention. The article critically examines these issues in detail and suggests the approach to address the epidemic.
The countries in the Western Pacific Region have made good progress in reducing the transmission of HIV and providing services to people living with HIV (PLHIV). However, challenges remain and there are important gaps to be filled. This report documents the achievements and challenges of the health sector’s response to the HIV epidemic in the Region over the past decade. It identifies best practices and important opportunities to further reduce the number of new infections, and prolong and improve the quality of life of people living with HIV in the Western Pacific Region. …
This annual 2010 progress report on HIV/AIDS in the South-East Asia Region presents key achievements in prevention and control of HIV in the Region and highlights areas where further work is needed. This report elaborates the issue addressing HIV epidemic situation in the South-East Asia Region, Health sector response to the HIV epidemic, Challenges and future priorities.
The primary objectives of the review were to systematically collect and review studies on HIV, AIDS, STIs and STDs conducted in PNG between 2007 and 2008; to assess the quality and reliability of these studies; and to synthesize the research findings under common thematic areas. The secondary objective of the review was to identify relevant recommendations for researchers, policy makers, practitioners, and stakeholders. …
The current behavioural, social and epidemiological conditions suggest that an HIV epidemic in the Philippines may be unavoidable in the near future. The number of diagnoses is increasing, particularly due to homosexual and bisexual contact; there are low condom-use rates; and the age at diagnosis is decreasing. The underlying cause of these symptoms needs to be addressed in order to prevent an emergent epidemic.
This report is the summary report of a full study supported by British Department for International Development, UN Theme Group on HIV/AIDS in China and United Nations Children's Fund.This study consists of the following parts: - Socioeconomic factors contributing to HIV epidemic; - The estimation the number of HIV/AIDS cases by the end of 2001 and projection the trend over the next decade; - An analysis of the socioeconomic impact of AIDS on three levels: family, health sector and macroeconomics; - Recommendations on prevention and control of HIV/AIDS.
Despite a fair amount of progress on understanding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemiology globally, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is the only region where knowledge of the epidemic continues to be very limited, and subject to much controversy. This report addresses this dearth of strategic information on HIV infections in MENA through a joint effort of the World Bank, the MENA Regional Support Team (RST) of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), and the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) of the World Health Organization (WHO). …
The primary aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of HIV infection in Nagaland and to study knowledge and attitude of study participants towards HIV/AIDS and related Government programs. A population based survey was carried out during April-October, 2007. Stratified sampling technique was adopted with an anonymous, linked design for HIV testing using Dried Blood Spot Testing Method (Tri-Dot). A total of 1965 households were interviewed in which 5661 eligible respondents (male:15-54 years and female:15-49 years) completed the interview. …
The report begins with a brief overview of the AIDS epidemic in China, a discussion of China's obligations under international law, and a description of the research methodology, before turning to the research findings.
ADB is committed to mainstream gender equality approaches in all sectors of its operations. This publication assesses the nexus between gender inequalities, HIV spread, and infrastructure development. A desk review and comparative analysis of existing infrastructure sector policies, legal and regulatory frameworks related to HIV prevention in Cambodia, the People's Republic of China, India, Papua New Guinea, and Tajikistan identifies factors which may contribute to promote an effective response to the epidemic. …
The report, HIV and AIDS in South Asia, presents a unique perspective on HIV and AIDS as regional development issues. Although HIV prevalence in South Asia is comparatively low, the region faces a number of challenges including the risk of escalation of concentrated epidemics, the economic welfare costs, and the fiscal costs of scaling up treatment for AIDS. The report can be grouped in three broad themes: First, the epidemiology of HIV and prevention strategies; Second, the economic and development impacts of HIV and AIDS and Third, the implications of HIV/AIDS for the health sector.
