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Specific objectives of the RURHS11 were: to assess current levels and trends in fertility, abortion, contraception, and various other reproductive health indicators; to enable policy makers, program managers, and researchers to evaluate existing reproductive health programs and develop new strategies; to study factors that affect fertility, contraceptive use, and maternal and infant health, such as geographic and sociodemographic factors, breastfeeding patterns, use of induced abortion, and availability of family planning services; to identify characteristics of women at increased risk of uni …
Families, communities and village governments are often the key decision-makers regarding girls’ lives. They can also be the most difficult to persuade in terms of delaying girls’ marriages. Their support can ensure that changes initiated by Samata are sustained well after the end of the programme.
CONTEXT: A better understanding is needed of the variables that may influence the risk of experiencing coerced sex among adolescent females in Sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: Data were collected from 700 female respondents who were interviewed in 2010 and 2012 waves of a longitudinal study of behavioral risk for HIV infection among youth aged 13–14 or 18–19 and living in two towns in southeastern Ghana. …
This publication is part of IPPF’s thematic focus on adolescents and young people. We recognize the important role of joint advocacy action in addressing child marriage. This advocacy tool is also part of the wider initiative on preventing HIV infection, particularly among adolescent girls, which is led by the United Nations Global Coalition on Women and AIDS (GCWA), with the support of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and Young Positives. …
This report presents findings from baseline studies carried out in three districts in Kenya, Ghana and Mozambique for Stop Violence Against Girls in School, a five year project (2008-2013) led by ActionAid with support from the UK’s Big Lottery Fund. …
This cross sectional study in the Solapur Municipal Corporation (Western Maharashtra) looked at 400 adolescent girls' knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Simple random sampling was used to identify the respondents. Data was gathered through interviews. When compared to a study conducted among adolescents in South Delhi and another among youth in Vadodara district, India (McManus & Dhar, 2008; Kotecha et al. 2011), a larger percentage of girls did not know how HIV is transmitted (54.25% versus 33% and 19.2% respectively). …
Being young and female are two central aspects of vulnerability to HIV which intersect in the lives of adolescent girls. Both before and within marriage, girls and young women are especially vulnerable to contracting HIV as a result of both their biological susceptibility as well as their relative powerlessness within sexual relationships, the primary means of transmission. Girls and young women are disproportionally infected and affected by HIV and AIDS. …
Legislation can be instrumental in impeding or promoting initiatives to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The widespread legal, social, economic and political ramifications of the epidemic make it necessary to review and reform a broad range of laws. Within a context of entrenched gender discrimination, the devastating impacts of HIV/AIDS, widespread poverty and increasing competition for resources such as property and land, legislative solutions to the denial of women's rights are urgently needed. …
Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs of Women and Adolescent Girls living with HIV. Research Report on Qualitative Findings from Brazil, Ethiopia and the Ukraine is a document developed by EngenderHealth with the support of UNFPA. This research identified some interesting trends across the three countries and some issues unique to each setting that need to be considered in strategic planning efforts to improve HIV-positive women's and adolescent girl's access and utilization of sexual and reproductive health services. …
Over the past 15 years, girls' education in the developing world has been a story of progress. Interest and financial backing from the development community have grown steadily in response to accumulating evidence documenting the many benefits of girls' schooling, and female education is now a major part of global development commitments, including the Millennium Development Goals.The information collected for this report suggest that relatively few programs are specifically designed with the developmental and learning needs of adolescent girls in mind. …
Violence against women (VAW) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent two profound problems for development and health. Development Connections, with the support of the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM), is implementing an initiative focused on strengthening capacities to further this goal through: a) the creation of a community of practices on the integration of VAW and HIV policies and programs, and b) the design of a manual including the scientific evidence available, best practices and tools for the integration of policies and programs. …
This publication, "child marriage is a violation of human rights, compromising the development of girls and often resulting in early pregnancy and social isolation. Young married girls face onerous domestic burdens, constrained decision-making and reduced life choices. Using data from the Demographic and Household Surveys, this publication estimates the prevalence of child marriage and seeks to identify and understand the factors associated with child marriage and cohabitation. …
This policy brief describes qualitative research conducted in three rural Bangladeshi villages between 2001 and 2003. Particular attention was paid to both mothers and mothers-in-law, as women in the study areas tend to live with their mothers-in-law who, therefore, have a strong influence on their daughters' lives. The authors conclude that women "who were relatively empowered seemed to have a greater motivation and capacity" to improve the lives of their daughters and daughters-in-law. …
The report presents the findings of the research on intimate partner violence (IPV) in Thailand, carried out by the Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University with technical and financial support from WHO. The objectives of the research were to find out prevalence and frequency of different forms of violence against women performed by a husband or intimate male partner or ex-partner; its effect on women's lives and health; and risk factors for domestic violence.
In India, most adolescent girls 15-19 years old are married. A study was conducted in 1995-97 in Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra, India to gain insight into whether and how their reproductive health needs are met, especially for gynaecological problems, family planning and perceived fertility problems. It included a survey among 302 married girls of this age, and in-depth interviews with 74 girls, 37 husbands and 53 mothers-in-law. Girls were treated quickly for illnesses interfering with domestic work and were expected to conceive in the first year of marriage. …
