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The objective of the “BALIKA: Bangladeshi Association for Life Skills, Income, and Knowledge for Adolescents” project is to generate programmatic evidence to delay marriage in Bangladesh. This report documents baseline data from a survey conducted in 96 villages in the districts of Khulna, Narail, and Satkhira on a range of related indicators on education, livelihoods, sexual and reproductive health, and social life. …
El presente informe examina los factores asociados con el embarazo adolescente y la maternidad temprana y crea un marco para explorar estos temas de forma sistemática hacia el diseño de intervenciones efectivas en el marco de políticas en América L atina. El mensaje principal que este reporte pretende divulgar es que la pobreza y la falta de oportunidades son factores clave asociados a la maternidad temprana. …
Thousands of girls claim they are embarrassed and ashamed to express the everyday injustices and threats of sexual violence they face, in ‘Hear Our Voices’ - one of the largest studies of adolescent girls’ rights of its kind. Plan International spoke directly with more than 7,000 girls and boys aged 12 to 16 in 11 countries across the world, as part of its Because I am a Girl campaign for girls’ rights. The study’s results bring the daily realities of girls into vivid colour. …
This report examines the linkages between policies on, and implementation of, sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR) and ICT in rural and peri-urban spaces in South Africa. South Africa is renowned for its legal provisions addressing SRHR yet also experiences barriers to adolescent sexual health. SRHR programming is politically complex and often ambivalent; as a result less contentious aspects which emphasise maternal health get prioritised. …
This paper reviews the evidence on sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) of adolescent girls in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) in light of the policy and programme commitments made at the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), analyses progress since 1994, and maps challenges in and opportunities for protecting their health and human rights. …
This review focuses on the major factors that drive HIV infection and explores interventions that have demonstrated effectiveness, as well as illustrating important learnings for programme development. Findings inform understanding of sex and sexuality in relation to HIV risk and the potentials for interventions in the Botswana context.
We adapted a U.S. HIV prevention program to address knowledge gaps and cultural pressures that increase the risk of infection in adolescent Ghanaian girls. The theory-based nine-module HIV prevention program combines didactics and games, an interactive computer program about sugar daddies, and tie-and-dye training to demonstrate an economic alternative to transactional sex. The abstinence-based study was conducted in a church-affiliated junior secondary school in Nsawam, Ghana. Of 61 subjects aged 10-14 in the prevention program, over two thirds were very worried about becoming HIV infected. …
Adolescent fertility in low- and middle-income countries presents a severe impediment to development and can lead to school dropout, lost productivity, and the intergenerational transmission of poverty. However, there is debate about whether adolescent pregnancy is a problem in and of itself or merely symptomatic of deeper, ingrained disadvantage. To inform policy choices and create a revised research agenda for population and development, this paper aggregates recent quantitative evidence on the socioeconomic consequences of and methods to reduce of teenage pregnancy in the developing world. …
Globally, girls and young women are more likely to be HIV positive than their male peers, due in large part to an array of gender inequalities that negatively impact their mental and physical well being. Protecting girls from this multi-dimensional risk requires first understanding how the girls experience vulnerability in their daily lives and developing solutions that are actionable within the community context. …
This cross sectional study in the Solapur Municipal Corporation (Western Maharashtra) looked at 400 adolescent girls' knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Simple random sampling was used to identify the respondents. Data was gathered through interviews. When compared to a study conducted among adolescents in South Delhi and another among youth in Vadodara district, India (McManus & Dhar, 2008; Kotecha et al. 2011), a larger percentage of girls did not know how HIV is transmitted (54.25% versus 33% and 19.2% respectively). …
Ce document étudie les raisons de la situation épidémiologique qui montre une augmentation des cas de sida dans la population hétérosexuelle, avec un pourcentage 3 à 8 fois plus important chez les femmes que chez les hommes. Les auteurs parlent de la plus grande vulnérabilité des femmes vis-à-vis du VIH est due à des facteurs physiologiques et biologiques mais également à des pressions sociales, culturelles et économiques qui ne leur permettent pas d'assurer leur prévention. …
Este documento presenta el desarrollo y los resultados obtenidos mediante una estrategia integral orientada a la promoción de la salud sexual y reproductiva y la prevención del VIH/Sida y otras ITS en mujeres en edad fértil (25-49 años) y sus parejas, adolescentes y jóvenes de ambos sexos (14-24 años) residentes en zonas de bajos recursos. Se trabajó en tres municipios del Conurbano Bonaerense, a partir de vínculos previamente establecidos con diversos actores locales, tanto del sector público como de la misma comunidad. …
In 2008 the number of African women who died from pregnancy and child birth was much higher than the number of casualties from all the major conflicts in Africa combined. Maternal mortality continues to be the major cause of death among women of reproductive age (15-49) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This report looks at the performance of sub Saharan African countries in meeting reproductive health targets in 47 countries and ranks them using a set of ten indicators in order of the highest to lowest risk. …
Violence against women (VAW) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent two profound problems for development and health. Development Connections, with the support of the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM), is implementing an initiative focused on strengthening capacities to further this goal through: a) the creation of a community of practices on the integration of VAW and HIV policies and programs, and b) the design of a manual including the scientific evidence available, best practices and tools for the integration of policies and programs. …
The brochure summarizes the possible approaches in promoting gender equality and the empowerment of women as they are fundamental elements in the reduction of the vulnerability of women and girls to HIV/AIDS. The suggestions include promoting health and access to service; empowering women to make decisions in relations to sexual and reproductive health; promoting human and equal rights of women; increasing women's access to income-generating activities; providing care and support to HIV-positive women, their children a, partners and families, etc.
