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Notions of ideal manhood in South Africa are potentially prescriptive of male sexuality thus accounting for the behaviors which may lead to men being at greater HIV risk. We tested the hypothesis that gender and relationship constructs are associated with condom use among young men living in rural South Africa. 1219 men aged 15–26 years completed a cross-sectional baseline survey from an IsiXhosa questionnaire asking about sexual behaviour and relationships. …
This study was conducted in 1999 using data from a nationally representative survey of 5th and 6th grader teachers (n=1789) in 5,543 public schools. Analyses were conducted of topics and skills taught relating to sexuality education, grades to which they were taught, teaching approaches, pressures experienced, support received and their needs. Seventy-two percent of the teachers reported that sexuality education is taught in their schools in at least one grade. …
The overall objective of this study was to explore the potential intersections between two forms of violence against women (VAW) - partner violence and non-partner violence - among users of VAW and HIV services and to document their experiences, knowledge and perceptions on HIV and violence. The information was collected using a standardized questionnaire in each participant country in order to collect and compare data in a multi-country analysis. In Belize seventy-four (74) women were interviewed, 32 users of HIV services and 42 users of VAW services countrywide during 2007. …
South Africa is disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The country has less than one percent of the world's 15-24-year-olds, yet these young people account for approximately 14 percent of all global HIV infections among this age group. Young women are at particular risk among 15-24 year-olds, four times as many females as males are living with HIV (16.9 percent versus 4.4 percent) and girls are becoming infected at much faster rates than boys. …
The existing HIV prevention programme, based on the abstinence, being faithful to one sexual partner, and consistent and correct use of condoms (ABC) model, has resulted in a number of positive developments. However, some challenges remain. The intent of the HIV prevention strategy is four fold: Identify the key drivers of the epidemic; Outline current prevention efforts, scope, effectiveness and coverage; Describe existing gaps and challenges; and, Offer recommendations on the key priority areas for HIV prevention. …
In an effort to mitigate the spread of HIV in developing nations, the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) supports HIV prevention programs that emphasize abstinence and be faithful for youth (ABY) among a broader array of prevention interventions. The focus of this report is on multi-country, multi-year PEPFAR ABY programs implemented by 14 nongovernmental and faith-based organizations that were awarded a total of $100 million in central funding by the U.S. Agency for International Development's Office of HIV/AIDS at the beginning of PEPFAR. …
Este documento, que foi elaborado pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, permite a organização de cursos para o aperfeiçoamento dos conhecimentos dos Professores do Ensino Básico e Secundário sobre o tema da Educação Sexual e do HIV/SIDA. Este guia é dividido em 7 unidades : 1) Primeiras palavras 2) A busca de novos caminhos para prevenir as DST e SIDA 3) Relações de gênero 4) A sexualidade na vida humana 5) Saúde sexual e saúde reprodutiva 6) Prevenção das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis e da SIDA 7) Planejamento de uma ação local integrada. …
Le Programme Santé et Lutte contre le Sida de la GTZ a élaboré avec des adolescents un ensemble de 5 livrets abordant l'adolescence, les relations hommes-femmes, les rapports sexuels, les relations saines, le VIH et sida et la nouvelle génération. Il s'agit d'une adaptation aux besoins et aux réalités de la Guinée d'une précédente collection de livrets produite pour la Tanzanie. Ce troisième livret est consacré aux questions liées aux rapports sexuels (la virginité, la masturbation, l'homosexualité, .). …
Esta revista foi elaborada pela N'Weti, uma ONG moçambicana apoiada pela Soul City Institute. É destinada aos pais para os ajudar a abordar alguns problemas que as crianças enfretem no seu dia-a-dia. Vários temas sao desenvolovidos para ajudar os pais a falar com os filhos sobre sexo e as doenças de transmissao sexual como o HIV (ciclo menstrual, uso do preservativo...), como evitar situaçoes de conflicto e como criar a auto-estima nos filhos. Também dá sugestoes sobre como lidar como lidar com pessoas portadoras de deficiências, com o abuso sexual de menores e com a morte. …
The dynamics and impact of HIV in humanitarian crises are complex. They depend on the kind of crisis: is it the result of conflict, a rapid-onset natural disaster (such as a flood or cyclone), or a slow-onset emergency caused by drought or environmental degradation? It also depends on the HIV prevalence rate before the crisis, the political situation, the scale and duration of the crisis, the existing infrastructure and services and the level of awareness of HIV. Case studies from five countries facing very different emergencies and HIV prevalence rates were backed by a literature review. …
Of the 8,600,000 young people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, 67 percent are young women and 33 percent are young men (Young People and HIV/AIDS: Opportunity in Crisis, UNICEF, UNAIDS, WHO, 2001). The Girls' Education Programme recognises 'gender' as the features associated in specific cultures with masculinity and femininity, and acknowledges that not all societies and cultures share the same ideas of what it means to be male or female. …
Based on the Global AIDS Alliance's August 2006 report Zero Tolerance: Stop the Violence Against Women and Children, Stop HIV/AIDS, this report explores successes and challenges of scaling up comprehensive national programs to prevent, respond to, and mitigate the impacts of violence against women and girls (VAW/G) and violence against children (VAC). The countries selected for the study - Ghana, Rwanda, and South Africa - demonstrate concerted efforts to address the problem. …
This document describes a framework for a comprehensive response to violence against women and children, including the resources that would be needed, political and financial, for full implementation. It suggests taking into account the following pillars: 1. Political commitment and resource mobilization, 2. Legal and judicial reform, 3. Health sector reform, 4. Education sector reform, 5. Community mobilization for zero tolerance, 6. Mass marketing for social change.
The factsheet briefly describes the HIV/AIDS pandemic, mother-to-child transmission, and explains why girls and young women are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection. Key actions in addressing the HIV/AIDS pandemic and statements of international commitments presented at the ICPD Plus Five, 1999 and Beijing Plus Five 2000 are also included. The fact sheet can be used as advocacy tools for anyone working in the area of young people's sexual and reproductive health.
This manual is part of a kit produced within an extracurricular programme of HIV & AIDS education using the peer education method. It is intended for young volunteers between the ages of 14 and 19 who are going to communicate with their peers about HIV & AIDS. It is divided into three chapters which include I) "Theory", II) "Practice" and III) "Volunteer's toolkit". The first chapter explains what is meant by voluntary work and provides basic information on HIV & AIDS. …
