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In South Africa, care and support and antiretroviral (ARV) treatment for individuals infected with HIV is available at a few selected hospitals as a first step in the national treatment roll out. However, counseling and testing for HIV (C&T;) is currently limited to antenatal care (ANC) settings and a few stand-alone centers. Uptake is limited, even within the ANC setting where C&T; is systematically offered to clients for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). C&T; services have yet to be integrated into other reproductive health services. …
The process of linking sexual and reproductive health and HIV/AIDS needs to work in both directions: this means that traditional sexual and reproductive health services need to integrate HIV/AIDS interventions, and also that programmes set up to address the AIDS epidemic need to integrate more general services for sexual and reproductive health. While there is broad consensus that strengthening linkages should be beneficial for clients, only limited evidence is published regarding real benefits, feasibility, costs and implications for health systems. …
The paper assesses effective interventions and their cost for three main components of reproductive health: family planning, safe motherhood, and STD/HIV/AID prevention and treatment. The paper also suggests some of the economic criteria governments can use to determine the role of the public sector in providing and/or financing reproductive health services. Tables showing the health benefits of family planning, and charts showing characteristics of HIV education and prevention programs that "work" or "do not work" are also included in appendices.
