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In December of 2013, Zambia and nineteen other countries in the East and Southern Africa (ESA) region affirmed and endorsed their joint commitment to deliver CSE and SRHR services for young people (the East and Southern Africa Commitment on CSE and SRH services for young people). Since then, in Zambia, CSE has been integrated in the curriculum, but there is no plan on realistic implementation to achieve its core objectives. Evidence is limited on what CSE and wider SRHR provision (information and access to services) is available to young people. …
This report presents the findings of an evidence gap map that assesses the evidence available on the effects of adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) programming in low- and middle-income countries. It documents the methods used to create the map and examines evidence clusters and gaps identified in it. While there is considerable amount of impact evaluation evidence, it addresses only some of the priority questions within this broad topic. The greatest prevalence of evidence is on sexual health education and other instruction within and outside of the classroom. …
This report analyses over 2000 primary and secondary school inspection reports for 2015/16. The report’s main findings are as follows: -SRE was mentioned by inspectors in less than 1% of reports and PSHE in just 14% of reports, fewer than almost all other established subjects, including history (36%), geography (26%), music (31%), and art (31%). -Mentions of sexual health, safe sex, and related topics were almost entirely absent from inspectors’ reports, with only 1% of reports referring to these issues. …
West and Central Africa (WCA) is the region of the world with the largest percentage of young people and the highest gender disparity in education.
South Africa has made significant strides in enrolling girls in school, particularly at the basic education level, with high gender parity indexes (GPI) at the primary school level. However, the high attrition rate at the secondary level and the poor quality of educational experiences and learning opportunities, for girls in particular, remain areas of concern. …
Sex and HIV education programs that are based on a written curriculum and that are implemented among groups of youth in schools, clinics, or other community settings are a promising type of intervention to reduce adolescent sexual risk behaviors. This paper summarizes a review of 83 evaluations of such programs in developing and developed countries. The programs typically focused on pregnancy or HIV/STI prevention behaviors, not on broader issues of sexuality such as developmental stages, gender roles, or romantic relationships. …
This report presents findings from a study of sexual and reproductive health status of inschool and out-of-school adolescents in Dodowa, Ghana, carried out in 2001. The research aim was to help design a program to address adolescents' unmet needs and promote safer behaviours. The research design used both qualitative and quantitative methods, including focus group discussions, PLA techniques and surveys. Students of Junior and Senior Secondary Schools, out-of-school adolescents, teachers, parents and community opinion leaders were included in the study.
This checklist is a summary of the Evidence- and Rights- Based Planning and Support Tool for SRHR/ HIV Prevention Interventions for Young People (E-PAT) developed by WPF and Stop AIDS Now. The structure of the E-PAT is based on the Intervention mapping model, a framework that assists organizations in planning evidence-based programmes. The checklist is a supplement to other tools that are used by donor organizations to assess project proposals. …
This document explores the values and principles that guide programmes, services and education on sexuality. It can be used for services, outreach, education and advocacy efforts. This guide was developed by, and essentially for, activists, educators, researchers and professionals from a wide range of fields, including reproductive health, HIV and AIDS, mental health, gender and development, sexuality, legal issues, violence prevention, women's rights, medicine, media and donor agencies. …
The CHANGES2 program is funded by USAID/ ZAMBIA through an EQUIP1 Associate award. It is implemented by the American Institutes for Research (AIR) and the Zambia Ministry ofEducation. Its aim is to strengthen basic education teachers' professional skills related to health and education with a special emphasis on HIV/AIDS prevention. The program concentrates basic education activities in four of Zambia's nine provinces, namely Lusaka, Copperbelt, Central and Southern Provinces. …
This study provides estimates of the size and distribution of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) in eight sub-Saharan African countries with relatively high HIV prevalence (Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zimbabwe), and assesses their situation over several dimensions including schooling and health care. The study uses data collected in recent nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and AIDS Indicator Surveys (AIS) that included HIV testing of adult women and men. …
This paper reviews the state of knowledge about relationships between schooling and adolescent reproductive health. With the spread of mass schooling and the growing share of adolescents who attend school, the opportunities for synergies between health and education policies and programs are growing. …
