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Theatre for a Change (TfaC) is a registered non-governmental organization in Ghana which works to reduce the risk of HIV infection among marginalized and vulnerable groups through the use of interactive, participatory learning techniques. The HIV prevalence rate in Ghana is 1.37% and 11.1% among female sex workers (FSWs). In September 2012, following a period of mobilisation, TfaC began working with a group of 10 FSWs living and working in Old Fadama, Accra’s largest illegal settlement, to form the Peace and Love Club. …
The authors assess the impact on teenage childbearing as well as student knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of a typical HIV/AIDS teacher training program in the Cameroon. Applying a regression discontinuity design identification strategy based on the key administrative criterion that determined program deployment, they find that 15–17 year old girls in teacher training schools are between 7 and 10 percentage points less likely to have started childbearing, an objective proxy for the incidence of unprotected sex. …
This paper estimates the association between HIV knowledge and risky sexual behavior in India. Using data from the third wave of the national demographic survey, the authors find that better HIV related knowledge does not always promote safer sexual practices. While, better HIV knowledge increases the likelihood of condom use, it also increases the likelihood of pre-marital sex, and reduces the likelihood of abstinence. These effects are much stronger for males when compared to females. …
This revised National HIV Policy and Multi-sectoral Strategic Plan 2005-2010 provides the policy direction framework and multi-sectoral strategies, which forms the basis of the operational plans of all stakeholders. The key result areas of the policy and multisectoral plan are: 1. Reduction of risks and Vulnerability to HIV and other STIs; 2. Increasing access to Screening and strengthening Confidentiality in services; 3. Establishing, expanding and strengthening STI/HIV Surveillance, and the continuum of treatment and care; 4. …
The National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan for 2006-2009 is intended as a resource to enhance the Marshall Islands response to addressing HIV/AIDS in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. This plan is a community response to HIV, and will attempt to address the decisive geographic, socio-cultural, political, economic, health and legal factors which may impact the spread of HIV using Marshallese values and beliefs as the backbone to the response.
The authors evaluate the impact of a health information intervention implemented through mobile phones, using a clustered randomized control trial augmented by qualitative interviews. The intervention aimed to improve sexual health knowledge and shift individuals towards safer sexual behavior by providing reliable information about sexual health. The novel technology designed by Google and Grameen Technology Center provided automated searches of an advice database on topics requested by users via SMS. It was offered by MTN Uganda at no cost to users.
There is growing recognition that primary prevention, including behavior change, must be central in the fight against HIV/AIDS. The earlier successes in Thailand and Uganda may not be fully relevant to the severely affected countries of southern Africa. We conducted an extensive multi-disciplinary synthesis of the available data on the causes of the remarkable HIV decline that has occurred in Zimbabwe (29% estimated adult prevalence in 1997 to 16% in 2007), in the context of severe social, political, and economic disruption. …
In recent years, UNICEF has worked together with national and local authorities and civil society partners in a number of countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia to develop and implement HIV prevention programmes intended to reduce risks and vul¬nerabilities among most-at-risk adolescents (MARA.) This docu¬ment presents programming experiences from seven countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia and Ukraine. …
This Curriculum Framework for Secondary Schools is based on the initial Health and Family Life Education Regional Curriculum Framework for Ages 9-14. This document provided the basic guidance required to develop the relevant Standards and Core Outcomes for the various age groups. Consequently the background information and the guidance for the use of the Framework is derived from this document. The Framework combines health promotion and problem prevention in an attempt to not only reduce risky behaviours but equally promote healthy decision making, development and lifestyles. …
This Regional Issues Brief has been written to provide an overview of an area of enquiry that the Global Commission on HIV and the Law is examining – issues of law and HIV pertaining to young people. It has been undertaken through a literature review of laws and documentation of their enforcement in the context of Asia and the Pacific. It serves as an information resource and complements the report of the Regional Dialogue for Asia and the Pacific that was held under the auspices of the Global Commission on HIV and the Law in Bangkok on 16 and 17 February 2011.
This brief focuses on the rights of children (minors under the age of 18 years) in high-income countries to access health services related to HIV prevention – in particular sexual and reproductive health services, and harm reduction services and drug treatment services. …
Since the beginning of the epidemic sex workers have experienced a heightened burden of HIV across settings, despite their higher levels of HIV protective behaviors (UNAIDS, 2009). By gaining a deeper understanding of the epidemiologic and broader policy and social context within which sex work is set one begins to quickly gain a sense of the complex backdrop for increased risk to HIV among sex workers. …
This publication addresses research questions related to an increase in the levels of access and utilization for four key interventions that have the potential to significantly reduce HIV infections among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) and their sexual and injecting partners, and hence morbidity and mortality in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). These interventions are drawn from nine consensus interventions that comprise a 'comprehensive package' for PWID. …
This regional issues brief was prepared for the Africa Regional Dialogue of the Global Commission on HIV and the Law which took place on 4 August 2011 in Pretoria, South Africa. The brief examines legal responses to children and HIV in Africa including: Prohibiting discrimination; Access to treatment; Access to sexual and reproductive rights; Access to HIV information and education; Access to harm reduction measures; Guardianship, property rights and social protection.
To goal of this strategy is to reduce drug-related health and social harms among individuals, families and communities in Afghanistan. The specific objectives are: To reduce the vulnerability of problem drug users and their families to HIV infection; To reduce the vulnerability of problem drug users and their families to Hepatitis B, C and syphilis; To reduce the risk of the spread of HIV and other blood borne diseases to the general population; To provide services to IDUs that will reduce the risk of HIV transmission.
