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La prevención y el control del VIH y sida han constituido en los últimos 30 años uno de los desa s más importantes a la imaginación y a la inteligencia de nuestra especie. Tan pronto los modos de transmisión -sexual, sanguíneo y perinatal- de esta nueva infección fueron conocidos, y con ellos tuvimos la posibilidad de impactar a enfermedades de transmisión sexual que se habían mantenido ocultas por siglos, la Humanidad tomó conciencia de la necesidad de contener su diseminación. …
Introduction: The HIV pandemic disproportionately impacts young women. Worldwide, young women aged 15–24 are infected with HIV at rates twice that of young men, and young women alone account for nearly a quarter of all new HIV infections. The incommensurate HIV incidence in young – often poor – women underscores how social and economic inequalities shape the HIV epidemic. Confluent social forces, including political and gender violence, poverty, racism, and sexism impede equal access to therapies and effective care, but most of all constrain the agency of women. …
This research examined demographic, personal, family and school variables related to adolescents’ sexual behaviour and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS infected people. This research was also designed to understand the cognitive and emotional bases of the sexual decisions made by adolescents. Preventive research must explore how young people understand, manage and explore their sexuality, risk and relationships.
The Third National Multi-Sectoral Strategic Framework for Mainland Tanzania 2013/14-17/18 (NMSF III) provides a common understanding for all HIV and AIDS stakeholders and reflects current normative guidance in the national response effort. Development of the NMSF III has incorporated the evaluations of the previous NMSF II (2008-2012) and recent epidemiological analyses of HIV in Tanzania. …
Cash payments to improve health outcomes have been used for many years; however, their use for HIV prevention is new and the impact not yet well understood. We provide a brief background on the rationale behind using cash to improve health outcomes, review current studies completed or underway using cash for prevention of sexual transmission of HIV, and outline some key considerations on the use of cash payments to prevent HIV infections. We searched the literature for studies that implemented cash transfer programs and measured HIV or HIV-related outcomes. …
This paper explores the roles of acute infection and concurrent partnerships in HIV transmission dynamics among young adults in Zimbabwe using realistic representations of the partnership network and all published estimates of stage-specific infectivity. We use dynamic exponential random graph models to estimate partnership network parameters from an empirical study of sexual behavior and drive a stochastic simulation of HIV transmission through this dynamic network. …
The objective of the Modes of Transmission Model (MOT) is to use sources from different studies to generate an estimation of the specific populations foreseen to contribute most to the incidence of HIV during the coming year, so that prevention efforts and resources are directed to those populations.
This study report is an attempt to identify the fact and factors behind our cultural and social dispositions that influence HIV infections with an objective to think out of the box and dig into issues which contribute to the epidemic in our daily urban and rural lifestyles. The study revealed with strong evidence that the people of Bangladesh value their traditional practices but increasingly yield to significant pressure of mixed western culture and many of these traditions and practices have a bearing on sexual relations, and therefore HIV transmission.
The object and purpose of this Act is to (a) Promote public awareness about the causes, modes of transmission, consequences, means of prevention and control of HIV and AIDS; (b) Extend to every person suspected or known to be infected with HIV and AIDS full protection of his human rights and civil liberties by - (i) Prohibiting compulsory HIV testing save as provided in this Act; (ii) Guaranteeing the right to privacy of the individual; (iii) Outlawing discrimination in all its forms and subtleties against persons with or persons perceived or suspected of having HIV and AIDS; (iv) Ensuring the …
This study is the outcome of close collaboration between UNAIDS and UNICEF, Sierra Leone Country Offices to support the Government of Sierra Leone to respond to the HIV epidemic in the country through the National AIDS Secretariat by initiating the UNAIDS Modes of Transmission model for Sierra Leone. The purpose of the model is to understand the sources of new HIV infections for better programme planning and support of programme pillars. …
Este estudo é o resultado de quatro anos de trabalho em populações selecionadas, realizado em seis capitais, nas cinco macrorregiões do país, envolvendo várias instituições das áreas de saúde no Brasil, incluindo o Programa Nacional de Doençasá Sexualmente Transmissíveis e Aids da Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde (PN-DST/AIDS), Coordenações Estaduais e Municipais de DST e Aids, SESI, Universidades, LACEN e a Agência de Cooperação Técnica Alemã - GTZ. …
O Pacto pela Saúde, aprovado pelo Conselho Nacional de Saúde em fevereiro de 2006, fortalece a gestão compartilhada entre os diversos níveis de governo, cabendo aos estados e municípios o desenvolvimento de ações necessárias para o cumprimento das metas, de acordo com a realidade local, de maneira que as prioridades estaduais e municipais também possam ser agregadas à agenda nacional. Um dos três eixos do Pacto pela Saúde é o Pacto pela Vida e, entre as prioridades básicas enumeradas, está a redução da mortalidade materna e infantil. …
Tendo-se em vista a importância da assistência integral às pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids, o respeito aos seus direitos e a sua dignidade, bem como das ações de prevenção e do amplo acesso ao tratamento para o prolongamento da expectativa e da qualidade de vida das pessoas vivendo com o HIV/Aids, o presente Guia pretende esclarecer, de modo simples e ilustrativo, as situações mais comuns com as quais se deparam os cuidadores domiciliares de pessoas que necessitam de atenção especial. …
Documento que aboga por la despenalización de la exposición y transmisión del VIH a través de diez puntos: 1. La penalización de la transmisión del VIH sólo se justifica cuando una persona deliberadamente o maliciosamente transmita el VIH a otra persona con la intención de perjudicarla. En esos limitados casos, las leyes penales pueden y deben ser utilizadas, en vez de aprobarse leyes específicas de VIH. 2. La aplicación de leyes penales a la exposición al y la transmisión del VIH no reduce la propagación del VIH. 3. …
This document from the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) examines one aspect of HIV transmission in Asia: women at risk of acquiring HIV because they are intimate partners of men with high-risk behaviors. The term "HIV transmission in intimate partner relationships" is used to describe the transmission of HIV to women from their long-term male partners who inject drugs, have sex with other men, or are clients of sex workers.
