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The Namibian Government is committed to provide services to the citizens of Namibia. Apart from the sector’s responsibility to deliver services by maintaining a healthy and productive workforce, the Government needs to sustain current practices, develop innovative approaches to future challenges, and maintain an institutional memory that sustains the employees and the services rendered to the population of Namibia. HIV and AIDS is one of the factors that impact on the ability of the Public Sector to deliver services. …
This brief provides evidence-backed advice to policymakers on how to get greater impact from HIV financing. RethinkHIV is a new research initiative, funded by the Rush Foundation, that aims to conduct and evaluate cutting-edge research to inform long-term planning and resource-allocation for the treatment and management of HIV/AIDS.
Harm reduction strategies commonly include needle and syringe programmes (NSP), opioid substitution therapy (OST) and interventions combining these two strategies. Despite the proven effectiveness of harm-reduction strategies in reducing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injecting drug users (IDUs), no study has compared the cost-effectiveness of these interventions, nor the incremental cost effectiveness of combined therapy. …
Background: Belarus has a focused HIV epidemic concentrated among injecting drug users, female sex workers and men who have sex with men. However, until 2008, Belarus had no way of evaluating HIV spending priorities. In 2008, Belarus committed to undertaking a comprehensive National AIDS Spending Assessment (NASA) in order to analyze HIV spending priorities. NASA was used to ‘follow the money’ from the funding sources to agents and providers, and eventually to beneficiary populations. …
On July 23, 2012, the World Bank, the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), and The Lancet jointly presented the seventh and last in a series of debates on emerging issues in the global response to HIV, to coincide with the 2012 International AIDS Conference. …
This book is a contribution to the debate on expanding access to HIV/AIDS treatment in developing countries. It presents an important and innovative aspect of the work of the ANRS (Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida), one of the few agencies to have initiated research in this field.
Background: After more than 25 years, public health programs have not been able to sufficiently reduce the number of new HIV infections. Over 7,000 people become infected with HIV every day. Lack of convincing evidence of cost-effectiveness (CE) may be one of the reasons why implementation of effective programs is not occurring at sufficient scale. This paper identifies, summarizes and critiques the CE literature related to HIV-prevention interventions in low- and middle-income countries during 2005-2008. …
Substantial changes are needed to achieve a more targeted and strategic approach to investment in the response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic that will yield long-term dividends. Until now, advocacy for resources has been done on the basis of a commodity approach that encouraged scaling up of numerous strategies in parallel, irrespective of their relative effects. We propose a strategic investment framework that is intended to support better management of national and international HIV/AIDS responses than exists with the present system. …
Based on a review of over 300 documents, this monograph examines how social protection can be used to protect children and families affected by HIV and AIDS. It reviews evidence on the impacts of 10 unconditional cash transfer (UCT) programs in southern and East Africa and 10 conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs in Latin America. …
This report contains the latest data on numbers of new HIV infections, numbers of people receiving antiretroviral therapy, AIDS-related deaths and HIV among children. It highlights new scientific opportunities and social progress which are bringing the world closer to UNAIDS vision of zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths. This publication also gives an overview of international and domestic HIV investments and the need for greater value for money and sustainability.
The report covers the costing of the National Multi-Sectoral Framework (2008-2012) under four themes namely; enabling environment; care, treatment and support, prevention and impact mitigation including monitoring, evaluation and research; organizational and institutional arrangements of the implementation of the national response at central, regional and LGAs levels; financial, human and technical resource framework of the response; and operationalization and implementations of the strategic framework.
In recent years, Zambia has seen a dramatic increase in financial resources dedicated to HIV and AIDS activities. Despite this rapid escalation in HIV/AIDS funds, or perhaps because of it, it has become increasingly challenging to track sources of funding and spending patterns across the multiple public and non-government stakeholders. Without a good understanding of such funding flows, it has become difficult to assess where there are gaps in resources relative to Zambia's needs, and whether some areas are receiving too little or too much funding. …
The National AIDS Spending Assessment (NASA) is a tool designed to track the HIV and AIDS financial flows and actual expenditure at a country level. In essence, this systematic methodology captures all HIV expenditures, namely, health and non-health expenditures such as social mitigation, education, labour, justice and sectors related to HIV and AIDS. …
An international exercise, called aids2031, has been carried out by a consortium of partners to help assess the long run trajectory of HIV/AIDS, what can be done to reduce the number of new cases of HIV, and how countries will be able to finance the measures they need to address HIV/AIDS in the future at lower costs and in more effective, efficient, and sustainable ways than they do now. aids2031 focuses on how the nature of the epidemic can be changed between now and 2031, fifty years after AIDS was first reported. …
In South Africa, care and support and antiretroviral (ARV) treatment for individuals infected with HIV is available at a few selected hospitals as a first step in the national treatment roll out. However, counseling and testing for HIV (C&T;) is currently limited to antenatal care (ANC) settings and a few stand-alone centers. Uptake is limited, even within the ANC setting where C&T; is systematically offered to clients for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). C&T; services have yet to be integrated into other reproductive health services. …
