UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory

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			Biosphere Reserve Information
			China XINGKAI LAKE


	General Description		The Xingkai Lake Nature Reserve is situated in the Xingkai Lake basin and the bulging southern section of the Fengmi Hill-Yangmu. On its west side is the Mount Laoye of the Changbai Mountain Ranges and on its east side is the Sikhote-Alin Range in Russia. Its topography is high in northwest and low in east with latitudes ranging from 574 meters to 68 meters. Most of its terrain units are Muling-Xingkai alluvial plain, low lacustrine plain and small areas of low hilly land as results of structural erosion of Fengmi Hill. The local communities within the reserve mainly include the Xingkaihu Farm, Xingkaihu Aquaculture Company and Baipaozi Township. There is a total population of 32,000, comprising Han, Hui, Korean and Manchu people with Han people accounting for 95% of the population. The Xingkaihu Farm covers an area of 139,000 hm2 and has a population of 12,000. It has under its jurisdiction 26 crop and livestock farming teams and 11 industrial, transportation and commercial enterprises. Its agricultural and industrial output value totals some 130 million yuan and annual rice production stands at 800,000 tons. The “Xingkaihu” brand rice has been labeled as one of China’s green products. The farm’s annual production of aquatic products reaches 200 tons. The farm’s paper mill exports six products to 21 countries and regions including Japan and Canada. Baipaozi Township, located in the middle of the reserve, covers an area of 316 km2, including 176 km2 of lake water area, 1.02 hm of cultivatable land, and 3,867 km of forested land. Of its population of 17,500, the majority are Han people while the ethnic minorities including the Manchus and Koreans make up only 2%.
	Major ecosystem type		A mosaic of wetland ecosystems constitutes complex diversity of biological landscapes,
	Major habitats & land cover types		Swamp, Lake aquatic community, Forests and shrubs, Grassy marshland, sandy beach,
	Location		East longitude 131°58'30? ~ North latitude 45°01'00?
	Area (hectares)
	Total		222,488
	Core area(s)		40,051
	Buffer zone(s)		7,923
	Transition area(s) when given		233,808
	Altitude (metres above sea level)		69 metres at the bottom of the lake
	Year designated		2007
	Administrative authorities		Heilongjiang Xingkai Lake National Nature Reserve

	Brief description		The Mishan Municipal Environmental Protection Agency has been conducting a long-term monitoring of the water quality in the Xingkai Lake valley while the Mishan Municipal Meteorological Bureau has been conducting long-term monitoring of the climate in the Xingkai Lake region. Sino-Russian joint research on biodiversity in Xingkai Lake.
	*Specific variables...*
	Abiotic		Abiotic factors, climate, contaminants, erosion, geomorphology, habitat, pollution, pollutants.
	Biodiversity		Afforestation/Reforestation, birds, boreal forest, conservation, degraded areas, ecology, ecosystem assessment, ecosystem functioning/ecosystem structure, ethology, fishes, flora, tropical humid forest, vegetation studies/plant cover, wetlands, wildlife.
	Socio-economic		Agriculture/Production systems, agroforestry, aquaculture/mariculture, archaeology/paleontology, capacity building, cultural aspects, fishery/fisheries, hunting, indicators of sustainability, livelihood measures, livestock and related impacts/overgrazing, local participation, monitoring methodologies, natural hazards, pastoralism/pastoralists/grazing, people-nature relations/man/nature, poverty, quality economies, recreation, resource use, social/socio-economic aspects, stakeholders' interests, tourism, traditional practices/ethnology/traditional knowledge.
	Integrated monitoring		Ecosystem approach, education and public awareness, environmental change, impact and risk studies/environmental impact, indicators, integrated studies/interdisciplinaty, interdisciplinary studies, rural systems, sustainable development/sustainable use, transboundary/transfrontiers, watershed studies/monitoring.

	Contact address		Heilongjiang Xingkai Lake National Nature Reserve Administration 198 Guangfu Zhonglu, Mishan Town 158300 Heilongjiang China
	Telephone
	Fax
	E-mail

			n.a.

Last updated: 23/11/2007