This page suggests some resources which you might like to read and think about when considering UNESCO’s Internet Universality concept and the ROAM principles.
At this stage of the project, it includes a selection of relevant UNESCO documents, and a selection of other material concerning the measurement of the internet. This is intended to be illustrative, not comprehensive. It will be developed as the project evolves.
UNESCO resources
UNESCO’s website concerning Internet Universality and the R-O-A-M principles can be found here.
UNESCO’s website and resources concerning the development of Knowledge Societies can be found here.
UNESCO’s Media Development Indicators can be found here.
Documents from UNESCO’s 2015 conference CONNECTing the Dots: Options for Future Action can be found here.
UNESCO reports relevant to the concept, principles and project include:
UNESCO Internet Study: Keystones to foster inclusive Knowledge Societies, 2015
UNESCO series of reports on Internet Freedom.
Global Survey on Internet Freedom and Privacy of Expression, by Toby Mendel and others, 2012.
Freedom of Connection, Freedom of Expression, by William Dutton and others, 2011.
International agreements
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights set out the overall framework for human rights.
The Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women can be found here.
The Convention on the Rights of the Child can be found here.
The UN Human Rights Council adopted a Resolution on The Promotion, Protection and Enjoyment of Human Rights on the Internet in 2016.
The Geneva Declaration of Principles of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) was agreed in 2003. Its Tunis Agenda for the Information Society followed in 2005. A review of progress, Implementing WSIS Outcomes, was published by the UN Commission on Science and Technology for Development in 2015. The UN General Assembly adopted this resolution following its WSIS+10 review in 2015.
The UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, including the Sustainable Development Goals, can be found here.
International studies and other data sources
A comprehensive review of the impact of the Internet in development was published in the World Bank’s World Development Report for 2016 on Digital Dividends. This includes many references to other sources on the impact of the internet.
The WSIS Final Targets Review, published in 2015, summarised ICT developments against targets set by the World Summit on the Information Society 10 years previously.
The International Telecommunication Union’s annual Measuring the Information Society report summarises available data on ICT access, usage and skills included in its ICT Development Index. More comprehensive data are available through the ITU’s statistics homepage and Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database
The following references are intended as a preliminary selection of materials available which relate to different aspects of the R-O-A-M principles. They are not intended to be comprehensive. Further references will be added as the project evolves, including materials identified in consultation responses.
African Development Bank (2015) Governance Ratings
Akamai Resources (2017) State of the Internet and State of the Dark Web
Alliance for Affordable Internet (2017) Affordability Report 2017
Association for Progressive Communications (APC) (n.d.) Gender Evaluation Methodology (GEM)
APC (2013) Monitoring Framework on Freedom of Expression Online
Bertelsmann Foundation (2016) Sustainable Governance Indicators and Transformation Index
Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development, various resources available here
Carnegie Cyber Policy Initiative (2017) Cyber Norms Index
Citizen Lab (2011) OpenNet Initiative
Economist Intelligence Unit and Internet.org (2017) The Inclusive Internet Index
Electronic Frontier Foundation (2016) Who has your back?
Freedom House (2016) Freedom on the Net and Nations in Transit
Global Insight (2015) Country Risk Ratings
Global Kids Online (n.d.) research toolkit
Global Partners Digital (2017) Framework for Inclusive Policymaking
Google (2017) Transparency Report
IMD (2016) World Competitiveness Yearbook
International Telecommunication Union (2016) Measuring the Information Society Report, statistics website and World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database
ITU (2014) Connect 2020 Agenda for Global Telecommunication/ICT Development
Internet Society, various resources available here
Mozilla (2017) Internet Health Report
New America Open Technology Institute (2017) Ranking Digital Rights
OECD, various resources available here
Open Knowledge Network (2016/17) Global Open Data Index
Oxford Martin School, Global Cyber Security Capacity Centre (n.d.) Cybersecurity Capacity Maturity Model for Nations (CMM)
Partnership for Measuring ICT for Development (2014) Final WSIS Targets Review
Privacy International (2016) The Global Surveillance Industry and State of Privacy Briefings
UN (2016) E-Government Survey
UN (2015) Index of Knowledge Societies
UN Special Rapporteur Freedom on Expression (2011) Report of the Special Rapporteur on key trends and challenges to the right of all individuals to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through the internet
UNCTAD (2005) ICT Diffusion Index
UNDESA (2015) UN E-Participation Index
UNICEF (n.d.) Website, on children’s rights and the internet.
Waseda University (2016) E-Government Index
World Bank (2015) Country Policy and Institutional Assessment
World Bank (2016) World Development Report 2016: Digital Dividends
World Economic Forum (2016) Networked Readiness Index
World Justice Project (2015) Open Government Index and Rule of Law Index
World Wide Web Foundation (2012) The Web Index and Open Data Barometer