Le Programme de construction rurale du Viet Nam : intégrer la culture dans la planification nationale de développement
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Le Programme national cible sur la nouvelle construction rurale du Viet Nam (2010-2020) est un programme complet de développement socio-économique et politique visant à soutenir le développement durable dans les zones rurales. En développant les infrastructures culturelles locales et les activités culturelles communautaires, ce programme favorise à la fois la préservation de la culture traditionnelle et celle des expressions culturelles contemporaines, tout en renforçant la solidarité communautaire.
Le Programme national cible pour la nouvelle construction rurale comporte deux composantes principales. Le premier volet soutient les installations culturelles et sportives au niveau local, impliquant des districts, des comtés et des villages de tout le pays. Il répond aux besoins locaux dans les zones rurales, en fournissant des lieux au sein desquels la communauté peut se rencontrer et partager des expériences, et en organisant des activités culturelles communautaires. Ce processus repose sur la consultation des populations locales et met l'accent sur la participation de la communauté à la construction et au fonctionnement des institutions et des équipements culturels financés par l’Etat.
Le deuxième volet vise à créer les conditions favorables à la participation équitable à la vie culturelle. Allant de la préservation des composantes de la culture traditionnelle aux activités créatives axées sur la jeunesse, les activités organisées sont planifiées et mises en œuvre dans un esprit de coopération entre l'État et la société civile, et sont conçues pour répondre aux besoins des communautés locales.
Par cette mesure, le Viet Nam montre son engagement à soutenir l'objectif 3 de la Convention, en intégrant la culture dans son plan et ses politiques de développement durable, en soutenant l'équité régionale dans la distribution des ressources culturelles du pays et en favorisant l'accès équitable aux ressources culturelles pour tous les membres de la communauté. De plus, les lieux culturels communautaires et les centres d’apprentissage communautaires destinés aux populations rurales créés dans le cadre de ce programme mettent en œuvre les ODD 4 et 11. Ils favorisent la formation technique et professionnelle, ainsi que l'appréciation de la diversité culturelle et de la contribution de la culture au développement durable (Cibles 4.4 et 4.7). De plus, des liens économiques, sociaux et environnementaux positifs entre les zones urbaines et rurales sont également tissés, par le biais d’une planification du développement national et régional renforcée (Cible 11.a).
- Develop a system of cultural facilities such as community-based cultural houses and community learning centers for the people in rural areas.
- Enrich the cultural life of the community by ensuring the equal accessibility and enjoyment of the people in cultural activities at the grassroots level.
The National Target Programme on New Rural Construction is a comprehensive program on socio-economic, political and national security development; in which culture is both target and means of sustainable development, especially in rural areas. With the development of the cultural infrustructure and cultural community activities, local people are able to express their culture including the preservation of traditional culture and promotion of contemporary cultural expressions, and to strengthen community solidarity.
The National Target Program for New Rural Construction consists of two main components including the support for the construction and development of cultural infrastructure and cultural activities in rural areas.
- The first component develops the system of cultural and sports facilities at the grassroots level, including districts, communes and villages. This institutional system addresses local needs in rural areas in organizing community- based cultural activities, community sports activities and provides a place the community to meet and share experience. The process of planning and developing the institutions is based on the consultancies with local people about the needs of cultural expression and enjoyment and at the same time encourages the participation of the community in the construction and operation of the institutions and cultural facilities supported by the State.
- The second component enriches cultural and spiritual life of community in rural areas by creating conditions for people to participate equally in community-based cultural and sports actitivies. These activities are planned and implemented in consultation with the community in the spirit of the State and the people working together. Community-based cultural activities range from preserving features of traditional culture, customs and traditions to the creating youth-oriented creative cultural and sports activities. Those activities should be in compliance with the socio-cultural conditions of the locals and the desires of the community members.
Make sure all the communities in the rural areas have facilities to serve cultural and creative activities of its people. Furthermore, the formation of a network of cultural facilities to the village level should get the participation of people during the process of planning, implementation and monitoring.
Capital investment for the National Target Programme on New Rural Construction consists of the State capital and social mobilization capital.
The process of developing the cultural life of the National Target Program on New Rural Construction period 2010-2020 has helped develop infrastructure network to the grassroots level. Especially, the remote communes with special difficulties have been prioritized to receive the funding support from the State for the construction and renewal of the cultural system at the commune and village level. Cultural houses at village level are assigned to the village management and use based on the actual needs of the people. Cultural activities such as the program of cultural activities in groups and community clubs and cultural exchanges between localities have also been developed with the cooperation between the State and the community.