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Background: In 2012, an estimated 2.1 million adolescents were living with HIV. Though there are effective interventions to prevent and treat HIV infection, adolescents face specific barriers in accessing them. As a result, new infections and poor outcomes among HIV-infected adolescents are common. HIV programming for adolescents should focus on interventions of proven effectiveness and address underlying factors driving incidence and lack of effective treatment and care in this age group. …
Studies of the relationship between HIV/AIDS and children’s educational attainment largely focus on the direct impacts of parental illness and death, overlooking the potential indirect impact that parental knowledge and perceptions of their HIV status may have on children’s school enrollment. Drawing on both quantitative and qualitative evidence from Malawi, this paper finds that women’s real and perceived anticipation of future health shocks has a positive impact on their children’s educational attainment. …
Despite the potentially extremely serious impacts of HIV/AIDS on education in Malawi, very little attention had been devoted to this fundamentally important problem. No robust research had been undertaken that systematically analyses all key quantitative and qualitative impacts of the epidemics on education. The study focused on three key questions: A) How has the HIV/AIDS epidemic affected primary and secondary schooling? B) What would be the likely impacts of the epidemic on education provision during the next 10-15 years? C) What should be done to mitigate these impacts?
This case study on the University of Zambia aimed at answering the following questions: In what ways has the University of Zambia been affected by HIV/AIDS? How has the university responded to these impacts? What steps is the university taking to control and limit the further spread of HIV/AIDS in its community? What HIV/AIDS-related teaching, research, publication, and advisory services has the university undertaken? How does the university propose to anticipate and address the larger impact of HIV/AIDS on the national labour market for university graduates? …
In Kenya, as in many other countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) threatens personal and national well being by negativelyá affecting health, life-span, and productive capacity of the individual hence severely constraining the accumulation of human capital and its transfer between generations. Data from recent research across many severely affected low-income countries clearly demonstrates that HIV and AIDS is the most serious impediment to economic growth and development and there is no reason to expect Kenya to be an exception. …
The UNAIDS Inter-Agency Task Team (IATT) on Education has established a working group to support the mainstreaming of HIV and AIDS issues in the Education for All Global Monitoring Report (GMR) with the objective of enhancing the profile of the role of education in preventing HIV and in building capacity to respond to the worse impacts of the epidemic. This document was prepared and submitted to the GMR Team to inform the 2010 GMR which is on Reaching and Teaching the Most Marginalised. …
This report assesses the actual and likely impacts of HIV/AIDS epidemic on schooling in sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, it reviews available evidence concerning the school attendance of orphans and morbidity and mortality among teachers in high prevalence countries. The main conclusion is that, while the epidemic poses a sizeable threat to the provision of basic and other education and training in some African countries, the likely overall impact of the epidemic in the continent as a whole will not be as catastrophic as has been widely suggested.
Malawi has one of the highest HIV adult prevalence rates in sub-Saharan Africa. However, even at this advanced stage of the AIDS epidemic, remarkably little robust evidence is available on mortality levels and trends among the population as a whole as well as specific occupational groups. Teachers, in particular have been frequently singled out as being a 'high-risk group'. …
HIV is widely regarded as a disease of poverty and ignorance. However, within sub-Saharan Africa, more developed countries and sub-populations appear to have higher levels of HIV prevalence. This paper considers the evidence and possible reasons for this, by focusing on the relationships between education and the spread of HIV at the macro and micro levels.
Maintaining and enhancing educational quality in the context of the HIV and AIDS epidemic is particularly difficult because the virus is infecting increasing numbers of teaching and administrative staff in the education sector. The epidemic is also affecting pupils. Many have lost one or both parents, leading to financial strains and erratic attendance. In this context, it is important to track on a regular basis factors affecting educational quality during the school year in order to take corrective and preventive measures. …
Education plays a key role in the development of any society. Responding to the need for empirical evidence on the demand for and supply of public educators in South Africa, the Education Labour Relations Council (ELRC) commissioned the Human Sciences Research Council-led consortium to conduct nation-wide research on the factors determining educator supply and demand in South African public education system. …
This report presents findings of a study carried out to assess capacity issues in the context of the increasing incidence of disease in general and HIV/AIDS in particular on the public education sector. The first part of the report presents findings from the systems level. Here, economic conditions, the policy and institutional framework and human resource development as they relate to sector capacity are discussed. Thereafter, a sector review on the morbidity and mortality situation is outlined. …
This report commissioned by ADEA sets out to understand how HIV/AIDS affects African universities and to identify responses. Based on case studies at 7 universities in 6 countries (Benin, Ghana, Kenya, Namibia, South Africa and Zambia) it compares and analyses the findings.
HIV/AIDS has, unequivocally, led to increased morbidity and mortality among young adults in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. Although all sectors of society have been affected, one sector in particular has been the focus for attention and controversy: teachers. This paper does not attempt to assess what the actual and likely impact of the epidemic is on teachers. Instead, it attempts to draw together the different approaches to understanding the impact on teachers: highlighting the key methodological issues and consequent gaps and recommendations. …
This article assesses the extent to which teachers in Sub-Saharan Africa are a ‘high-risk’ group with respect to HIV infection and AIDS-related mortality. The main conclusion that is drawn from this review is that little hard evidence exists to support the contention that teachers are more vulnerable to the epidemic than other occupational groups.
