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Cash transfers have been proposed as an intervention to reduce HIV-infection risk for young women in sub-Saharan Africa. However, scarce evidence is available about their effect on reducing HIV acquisition. The authors aimed to assess the effect of a conditional cash transfer on HIV incidence among young women in rural South Africa. Based on their research findings, the authors draw the conclusion that cash transfers conditional on school attendance did not reduce HIV incidence in young women. School attendance significantly reduced risk of HIV acquisition, irrespective of study group. …
Lack of education and an economic dependence on men are often suggested as important risk factors for HIV infection in women. The authors assessed the efficacy of a cash transfer programme for schooling to reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections in young women. Based on their findings the authors conclude that cash transfer programmes can reduce HIV and HSV-2 infections in adolescent schoolgirls in low-income settings. Structural interventions that do not directly target sexual behaviour change can be important components of HIV prevention strategies.
This article investigates how well South Africa’s Child Support Grant (CSG) responds to the material and psychosocial needs of adolescents, and the resultant effects on schooling and risky behaviour. One driver of schooling decisions is shame related to poverty and the ‘social cost’ of school, where a premium must often be paid for fashionable clothes or accessories. The other driver relates to symbolic and consumptive capital gained through engaging in sexual exchange relationships. The anticipated impacts from the CSG are partial because of these non-material drivers of adolescent choices. …
The overarching goal of this Policy is to provide broad guidelines for the coordination of all HIV and AIDS programmes in order to prevent new HIV infections and mitigate the impact of HIV and AIDS on the Education Sector. The Policy is guided by the 1992 Fourth Republican Constitution of Ghana, the National HIV and AIDS, STI Policy - 2013, the Education Strategic Plan (ESP) 2010 - 2020 and other government policies, international conventions and protocols, such as the ILO Recommendation concerning HIV and AIDS and the World of Work, 2010 (No. 200). …
Background: The ‘Cash Transfer to Orphans and Vulnerable Children’ (CT-OVC) in Kenya is a government-supported program intended to provide regular and predictable cash transfers (CT) to poor households taking care of OVC. CT programs can be an effective means of alleviating poverty and facilitating the attainment of an adequate standard of living for people’s health and well-being and other international human rights. …
Abstince-only education programs in the United States have been controversial since their inception in 1981 because of their lack of efficacy and because of the sexualities and behaviors that they promulgate. Barack Obama's 2010 budget eliminates federal funding for abstinence-only education programs in the US; however, the outline of his five-year strategy for the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) does not indicate whether the US government will continue to mandate abstinence-only education in so-called "focus countries", primarily in sub-Saharan Africa. …
From 2002-2005 Africare implemented the Community Based Care, Protection and Empowerment (COPE) for Children Affected by AIDS (CABA) project in Mutasa District of Zimbabwe. The goal of the project was to encourage shared responsibility for orphans and vulnerable children by increasing community capacity to respond to the needs of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). …
The number of children under the age of 18 in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) who have lost one or both parents to AIDS has increased dramatically in the last five years. The number of children orphaned by AIDS in SSA is estimated to be around 12 million (UNICEF, 2006). Many more children live with one or more chronically ill or dying parents and or live in poverty stricken and food insecure households. …
Recent evidence suggests that conditional cash transfer programs for schooling are effective in raising school enrollment and attendance. However, there is also reason to believe that such programs can affect other outcomes, such as the sexual behavior of their young beneficiaries. Zomba Cash Transfer Program is a randomized, ongoing conditional cash transfer intervention targeting young women in Malawi that provides incentives (in the form of school fees and cash transfers) to current schoolgirls and recent dropouts to stay in or return to school. …
This study which represents the first activity of an initiative under the small grants from UNESCO-UNEVOC has provided a platform for Botswana and Zambia to share experiences in mainstreaming HIV and AIDS into the TVET sector. The purpose of the study was to document the experiences, lessons learnt and challenges faced in mainstreaming HIV and AIDS in TVET in Botswana and Zambia. …
From Schooling Access to Learning Outcomes: An Unfinished Agenda, An Evaluation of World Bank Support to Primary Education is a document made by the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) of the World Bank Group in 2006. The goals of evaluation are to learn from experience, to provide an objective basis for assessing the results of the Bank Group's work, and to provide accountability in the achievement of its objectives. It also improves Bank Group work by identifying and disseminating the lessons learned from experience and by framing recommendations drawn from evaluation findings. …
This report documents the findings of a study on the quality and effectiveness of collaboration among partners involved in the HIV and AIDS response in the education sector. The purpose of this study was to document how external partners coordinate and harmonise their efforts at the country level, to identify areas of overlap and significant gaps in country responses, and to formulate recommendations for improving synergy and alignment across IATT member agencies and other actors operating at the country level. …
Although HIV can strike anyone, it is not an equal opportunity virus. Gender inequality, poverty, lack of education and inadequate access to comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services continue to fuel the epidemic. This booklet will detail how and why prevention works. By applying the principles of prevention to diverse populations around the world, the global community can help slow, and possibly halt, what is proving to be one of the greatest health challenges of our time. …
This paper was presented at a consultation on supporting teachers living with HIV. The association 'Tanzania Positive Teachers' Initiatives' (TAPOTI) presents the challenges it will have to face, and gives recommendations to find solutions to each problem.
Cette étude comprend une analyse de l'impact de l'épidémie du VIH/Sida sur le système éducatif ; des propositions d'interventions pour atténuer ces impacts et lutter contre le VIH/Sida dans le secteur de l'éducation ;un aperçu des initiatives internationales et nationales mises en oeuvre pour répondre à cette problématique de développement de l'éducation dans un contexte d'épidémie de VIH/Sida.
