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With improved access to treatment for people living with HIV many are now able to live longer. As a result there is growing interest in overall quality of life issues. In many countries attention is increasingly being drawn to the unique and often neglected needs of different sub-groups including young people. This exploratory qualitative study sought to examine the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs and concerns and barriers to accessing related services for adolescents aged 10 – 19 years living with HIV in Zambia.
Written for program planners and local implementers, this paper focuses on the use of internet-based and mobile phone-based interventions, examines strategies for reaching MSM with HIV/AIDS prevention electronic media messages and provides lessons learned. It looks at the technologies that are being used for reaching MSM with HIV prevention messages and discusses the challenges that come with using mobile phones and the Internet. …
Across sub-Saharan Africa, the AIDS pandemic has impacted children in a myriad of ways, from parental loss, to HIV infection, to increased poverty and marginalization. These children have been labeled orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) in the international development literature, and a range of interventions have provided services aiming to mitigate the impact of the crisis on human development outcomes, including education. …
The high prevalence of HIV infection among prisoners and pre-trial detainees, combined with overcrowding and sub-standard living conditions sometimes amounting to inhuman or degrading treatment in violation of international law, make prisons and other detention centres a high risk environment for the transmission of HIV. Ultimately, this contributes to HIV epidemics in the communities to which prisoners return upon their release. …
This book is a collection of stories from teachers living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. The stories documented here give voice to the real life experiences of 12 HIV-positive teachers, five of whom are women, from Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania (both Mainland and Zanzibar), and Zambia. The teachers recount their experiences of discovering their HIV-positive status and how this has aff ected them in their families, their communities, and their professional lives. …
Equity in access to health care among people living with HIV has not been extensively studied in Peru. This research aims to assess the extent to which health care provision for persons living with HIV was equitable and where there was lower access, and the factors associated with lower access. The study was conducted among adult PLHA in four cities in Peru. Between September 2008 and January 2009, 863 individuals from four cities in Peru were enrolled. The study found that transgender identity and age younger than 35 years old, were associated with lower access to health care. …
This study tries to assess the level of comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS and the factors associated with it among in-school adolescents in eastern Ethiopia. The reason for this study is that there are more adolescents in school today, in Ethiopia, than ever before. This is a cross-sectional school-based study in which respondents were students attending regular school in 14 high schools located in 14 different districts of eastern Ethiopia. The proportion of in-school adolescents with comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge was computed and compared by sex. …
This study seeks to look at the influence of program-level and contextual determinants that pose a challenge to the uptake of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programs in sub-Saharan Africa. This study explore thes multilevel factors associated with "coverage in single dose nevirapine PMTCT programs." The study found that heterogeneity of nevirapine coverage between sites and programs was high- meaning that in these programs there was a high HIV prevalance, a higher proportion of persons with knowledge of PMTCT, and a lower percentage of rural population. …
The objective of the study was to examine the effect of methadone maintenance treatement on mortality in people who inject opiods and who also recieve ART for the treatment of HIV in China. The study took place between December 3, 2002 and December 31, 2011. Mortality, disease and treatment characteristics were compared in patients who received either ART and MMT or only ART. Overall, mortaliy 6 months after starting ART was lwer with ART and MMT than with only ART. …
This article is about the national methadone project launched in the United Republic of Tanzania -- the first mainland sub-Saharan country to launch such a program -- as part of a battle to fight heroin addiction and HIV infection. Heroin users contribute to the HIV pandemic in Tanzania by needle sharing, therefore, the idea behind the methadone project is to safely ween heroin users off of the drug. The program is funded by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, as a response to Tanzania's growing epidemic of people who inject drugs. …
With improved accessibility to life-prolonging antiretroviral therapy, the treatment and care requirements of people living with HIV and AIDS resembles that of more established chronic diseases. As an increasing number of people living with HIV and AIDS in Kenya have access to ART, the primary caregivers of poor resource settings, often children, face the challenge of meeting the requirements of rigid ART adherence schedules and frequent relapses. …
In this paper we argue that education policy on HIV and AIDS is policy about life. As such, the contexts and the realities of teachers and learners in the classroom need to be embedded in the policy. We make a case that HIV and AIDS policy needs to extend beyond the prevention mode to one that includes care and support in the policy context. Through the stories of three HIV positive teachers in Zimbabwean primary schools, we show the real people and the real bodies that inhabit the classrooms where policy seeks to find expression. …
This systematic review focuses on empirical work on disability and HIV/AIDS in Africa in the past decade and considers all the literature currently accessible. The review presents data from different surveys and summarizes the findings. In this way, it convincingly reveals that people with disabilities are very vulnerable to contracting HIV, and lack access to information, testing and treatment. The review further reveals gaps in the research and areas of concern. While vulnerability and accessibility have been investigated, there are few prevalence studies or evaluations available. …
Much research attention has been devoted to understanding the relationship between education and riskier sex-related behaviors and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. While in the early 1990s researchers found that increases in education were associated with a higher incidence of HIV/AIDS, this relationship appears to have reversed and better educated people, especially women, appear less likely to engage in riskier sex-related behaviors and have a lower incidence rate of HIV/AIDS. …
The propose of the study was to probe in greater depth, and within the more systematic frame of a research methodology, the dynamics of two current initiatives aiming to provide support to vulnerable children in both Lesotho and Swaziland. Each of the four interventions had within their programme designs a main emphasis on enabling school enrolment and sustaining school attendance. At the same time, the interventions looked to support the more comprehensive needs of vulnerable children and, by doing so, to enhance their overall life situation. …
