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Mitigating HIV and AIDS among youth has been a major policy agenda both internationally and nationally, within Tanzania. Two concerns associated with mitigation efforts are increasing sexual activity at young ages and a burgeoning population of out-of-school youth whom poverty, lack of supervision, and unemployment seem to push into alternative life patterns that present risks to their health. This situation poses a serious challenge for Tanzania, where half the population is categorised as young.
Das Nationale Programm HIV und andere sexuell übertragbare Infektionen (NPHS) 2011-2017 beschreibt die Strategie zur Prävention sowie zur Diagnose und Behandlung von HIV und anderen STI. Es basiert auf der gesetzlichen Grundlage des Epidemiengesetzes. Der Schwerpunkt der Strategie liegt auf besonders gefährdeten Gruppen und auf bereits Infizierten und ihren Partnerinnen und Partnern. Die Strategie fokussiert darauf, die Bevölkerung auf die Gefährdung der sexuellen Gesundheit zu sensibilisieren und sie zu deren Erhalt sowie zum Schutz vor sexuell übertragbaren Infektionen zu befähigen.
L’Enquête de Surveillance Comportementale (ESC 2012) auprès des Jeunes de 15 à 24 ans a été exécutée par l’Institut National de la Statistique. Il s’agit de la quatrième enquête par sondage du genre qui a été réalisée au niveau de 38 sites sentinelles répartis à travers les 22 régions administratives du pays. Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre du dispositif mis en place à Madagascar pour la surveillance des comportements à risque vis-à-vis de l’infection à VIH. …
Purpose of review: A volume of quality HIV data has materialized recently in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This review provides a thematic narrative of the patterns of HIV infection transmission in this region in light of these data. Recent findings: Tens of integrated bio-behavioral surveillance surveys among hard-to-reach key populations at higher risk have been conducted in MENA in the recent years. Many of the studies reported appreciable and growing HIV prevalence. …
Background: Epidemiological data from South Africa demonstrate that risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in males increases dramatically after adolescence. Targeting adolescent HIV-negative males may be an efficient and cost-effective means of maximising the established HIV prevention benefits of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in high HIV prevalence–, low circumcision practice–settings. This study assessed the feasibility of recruiting male high school students for VMMC in such a setting in rural KwaZulu-Natal. …
Le Tchad a mis en œuvre un nouveau cadre stratégique national de riposte au sida pour la période 2012-2015. Le gouvernement tchadien, avec l’appui des partenaires au développement consentit de gros efforts pour consolider les acquis de l’ancien cadre stratégique d’une part, et d’autre part, pour obtenir de nouveaux fondamentaux à la riposte au sida. Les activités du Cadre Stratégique National de 2012-1015 (bien qu’à son début) s’inscrivent dans la continuité de celui de 2007-2011 en matière de la riposte nationale au VIH et au sida. …
This publication describes an in-depth retrospective secondary data analysis, using triangulation principles, that was conducted to analyse the course of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Estonia, describe the interventions implemented and provide guidance and input for priority setting. The researchers also highlighted main data gaps and made recommendations to improve surveillance and interventions. …
Recent data from antenatal clinic (ANC) surveillance and general population surveys suggest substantial declines in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in Zimbabwe. We assessed the contributions of rising mortality, falling HIV incidence and sexual behaviour change to the decline in HIV prevalence. Comprehensive review and secondary analysis of national and local sources on trends in HIV prevalence, HIV incidence, mortality and sexual behaviour covering the period 1985-2007. …
The primary objectives of the review were to systematically collect and review studies on HIV, AIDS, STIs and STDs conducted in PNG between 2007 and 2008; to assess the quality and reliability of these studies; and to synthesize the research findings under common thematic areas. The secondary objective of the review was to identify relevant recommendations for researchers, policy makers, practitioners, and stakeholders. …
This paper gives an overview of the HIV prevention battle in Southern Africa and supports the development of more balanced and innovative HIV prevention portfolio that adresses the real, immediate, and substantial risk facing young women from sub-Saharan African countries.
Estudio sobre ITS y VIH/sida en pueblos originarios del Ecuador, desagregada por etnias. Se ha dividido el estudio en dos partes, en la primera se plantea un marco general del enfoque de derechos que guía este estudio, y se apuntan varios datos sobre la situación de los pueblos indígenas y el VIH en el país, relacionándola con la realidad internacional, especialmente de la región. …
The current behavioural, social and epidemiological conditions suggest that an HIV epidemic in the Philippines may be unavoidable in the near future. The number of diagnoses is increasing, particularly due to homosexual and bisexual contact; there are low condom-use rates; and the age at diagnosis is decreasing. The underlying cause of these symptoms needs to be addressed in order to prevent an emergent epidemic.
The 2008 national Survey of Demography and Reproductive and Sexual Health, ENDSSR-2008, was conducted by the Paraguayan Center of Population Studies (CEPEP), with the cooperation of the United States Agency of International Development (USAID), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), and with the technical assistance of the Division of Reproductive Health of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia USA. …
The relationship between poverty and poor reproductive health is well established. While the last two decades have seen improvements in access to and utilization of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services, progress in many countries has been slow and - after decades of investments - disappointing. Social activists and health analysts have highlighted the potential role that persistent inequities in health play in hindering progress towards achieving international and national development goals. …
Young people are leading the prevention revolution by taking definitive action to protect themselves from HIV. A change is happening among young people across the world, especially in parts of sub-Saharan Africa. Waiting longer to become sexually active, young people have fewer multiple partners and there is an increased use of condoms among those with multiple partners. And HIV prevalence among young people is dropping in many key countries. The impact - HIV prevalence among young people is falling in 16 of the 21 countries most affected by HIV. …
