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This paper intends to contribute to the economic literature that investigates the origins of teenage pregnancy and early marriage/co habitation in Peru and to improve understanding of the risk factors of one important gender-related issue that has historically provoked asymmetric costs for boys and girls. …
Background: Effective and scalable HIV prevention for adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa is needed. Cash transfers can reduce HIV incidence through reducing risk behaviours. However, questions remain about their effectiveness within national poverty-alleviation programmes, and their effects on different behaviours in boys and girls. Methods: In this case-control study, we interviewed South African adolescents (aged 10–18 years) between 2009 and 2012. …
This 11-chapter manual offers trainers an array of participatory experiential exercises to reach men (and their partners), exploring gender socialization and its impact on HIV prevention and care. Piloted in Ethiopia, Namibia, South Africa and Tanzania, the manual is designed to assist master trainers in developing curricula to work with men and boys on gender, HIV and AIDS issues. …
This study assesses how variations in heteronormative culture in high schools affect the well-being of same-sex-attracted youth. The authors focus on the stigmatization of same-sex attraction (rather than identity or behavior) to better understand how heteronormativity may marginalize a wide range of youth. …
The autors surveyed church-going youths in Nairobi, Kenya, to investigate denominational differences in their sexual behaviour and to identify factors related to those differences. In comparison with youths attending mainline churches, the youths surveyed at Pentecostal/evangelical churches were less likely to have ever had sex. Furthermore, although male youths in the mainline churches were more likely than their female counterparts to have ever had sex, no such difference emerged between the male and female youths attending Pentecostal/evangelical churches. …
This paper reviews and describes research practices and program interventions addressing the sexual and reproductive health of very young adolescents (VYA) and identifies promising program components and research/evaluation practices. The paper is not exhaustive but serves as a tool for further discussion of what is needed in VYA programming and research
Although several studies have emphasized the relevance of community level variables to AIDS prevention among young people in sub-Saharan Africa, few have tested the empirical connections between such variables and sexual behaviors. Using data from 3645 sexually experienced grade 6 and 7 students from 160 schools, this study applies hierarchical linear models to estimate the effects of individual and community level variables on condom use among youth in Nyanza Province, Kenya. Four separate models were fit for both males and females. …
Men are changing. Case study evidence on work with men and boys to promote gender equality and positive masculinities is a document that aims to strengthen and broaden the evidence base on working with men and boys. It describes and analyzes 12 programmes from around the world that sought to alter the attitudes and behaviours of men in relation to sexuality, sexual and reproductive health, violence and relationships. …
Condoms - a users' guide, is a booklet written by H. Olsson for the Swedish Association for Sexuality Education (RFSU), in 2008. It is an easy to read pocket size document that gives ten penis facts with implications for condom use. The ten facts discussed are: 1) Length, 2) shape, 3) large glans, 4) girth, 5) erection - harness varies, 6) the foreskin, 7) sensitivity, 8) the balls, 9) sharp hairs, and 10) latex allergies. At the end, the question of lubrificant is also addressed. The ten facts presented apply regardless of whether the reader has a female or male partner. …
If the society focuses on male adolescents, properly cultivating and channelising their masculinity, it can benefit the society. Any intervention programme that seeks to address adolescence issues will be incomplete unless it addresses masculinity. This book titled Masculinity for Boys is based on ten years of YAAR's work with the male youth in India on the issues of gender and sexual health. The authors hope to reduce the "fake" masculinity pressures on boys with this information. At the same time, they want to help boys become true men by understanding what real masculinity is.
This study is an article extracted from "Studies in Family Planning" published in December 2008. The objective of this study is to analyse the sexual transition in Mali, and more precisely in a poor zone of Bamako. It is based mainly on a survey (a questionnaire ) conducted in 2002 to 2000 young people from urban and rural area. The analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, survival curves and logistic regressions. The study provided indicators of the links between sexual transition, the modernization of Malian society, and sociocultural and economic trends. …
This document is the second volume in a series of eight "question and answer" booklets developed in Kyrgyzstan by UNICEF and the GTZ. Similar booklets have been initially developed by GTZ in Tanzania and then adapted to different countries. The present series consists of an adaptation to the needs and cultural context of Kyrgyzstan, based on a survey realized among Kyrgyz adolescents. It is designed to provide young people with the necessary knowledge to make healthy choices for themselves and their peers. …
This publication provides "knowledge, values and understanding of issues on sexuality to boys and young men". It centres on the deconstruction of gender stereotypes that lead to lack of communication and risk behaviour, and advocates a positive view of sexuality to empower individuals to make healthy, respectful and responsible choices. The authors believe that, in order to achieve behaviour change, sex education programmes must be "realistic and closer to the realities and feelings" of young people. …
This report presents key findings from a new body ofresearch that highlights the unmet sexual and reproductive health needs of 12-19-year-olds in Ghana. The results point to specific areas in which interventions for improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health might be targeted, and suggest that increased and sustained investment in sexual and reproductive health care for adolescents may provide enormous returns. …
This study compares the effectiveness of audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (Audio-CASI) with face-to-face interviews and self-administered questionnaires in collecting sensitive information on risky sexual and other behaviors among young men in urban India. A randomized study design compared data collected from 900 male college students using the three data-collection approaches and from 600 young men residing in slums using Audio-CASI and face-to-face interviews. …
