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O Pacto pela Saúde, aprovado pelo Conselho Nacional de Saúde em fevereiro de 2006, fortalece a gestão compartilhada entre os diversos níveis de governo, cabendo aos estados e municípios o desenvolvimento de ações necessárias para o cumprimento das metas, de acordo com a realidade local, de maneira que as prioridades estaduais e municipais também possam ser agregadas à agenda nacional. Um dos três eixos do Pacto pela Saúde é o Pacto pela Vida e, entre as prioridades básicas enumeradas, está a redução da mortalidade materna e infantil. …
A partir de 1994, o Programa Nacional de DST e Aids passou a publicar o Guia de Tratamento Clínico da Infecção pelo HIV em Crianças, com as informações mais importantes sobre os avanços ocorridos nas orientações para o tratamento e acompanhamento das crianças infectadas e expostas ao HIV. Esse Consenso, revisto periodicamente pelo Comitê Assessor para Terapia Antirretroviral em Crianças Infectadas pelo HIV, tem incluído novos temas cada vez mais abrangentes, com o intuito de tornar-se uma referência para os profissionais que têm dificuldade de acesso a outras referências técnicas. …
Diante do desafio ainda representado pela transmissão vertical do HIV e da sífilis na saúde pública do Brasil, a despeito dos avanços obtidos neste domínio. …
The 2008-09 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) is a nationally representative sample survey of 8,444 women age 15 to 49 and 3,465 men age 15 to 54 selected from 400 sample points (clusters) throughout Kenya. It is designed to provide data to monitor the population and health situation in Kenya as a follow-up to the 1989, 1993, 1998, and 2003 KDHS surveys. The survey utilised a two-stage sample based on the 1999 Population and Housing Census and was designed to produce separate estimates for key indicators for each of the eight provinces in Kenya. …
This report presents findings from a further analysis study undertaken as part of the follow-up to the 2003 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS). ORC Macro provided technical assistance for the project. Funding was provided by the USAID. This report is part of the MEASURE DHS program, which is designed to collect, analyze, and disseminate data on fertility, family planning, maternal and child health, nutrition, and HIV/AIDS. …
The 2008 national Survey of Demography and Reproductive and Sexual Health, ENDSSR-2008, was conducted by the Paraguayan Center of Population Studies (CEPEP), with the cooperation of the United States Agency of International Development (USAID), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), and with the technical assistance of the Division of Reproductive Health of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia USA. …
Evidence has been reported that antiretroviral (ARV) interventions to either the HIV-infected mother or HIV-exposed infant can significantly reduce the risk of postnatal transmission of HIV through breastfeeding. This evidence has major implications for how women living with HIV might feed their infants, and how health workers should counsel these mothers. Together, breastfeeding and ARV intervention have the potential to significantly improve infants' chances of surviving while remaining HIV uninfected. …
In 2007, an estimated total of 2 million children were living with HIV - eight times more than in 1990 - while both new infections and deaths among children have grown three-fold globally since 1990. Around 90% of these children live in sub-Saharan Africa, where 12.1 million children are estimated to have lost one or both parents to AIDS. This plenary presentation argues that children and families have been severely neglected in responses to HIV and AIDS. …
Findings gives snapshots of current research and debate in key areas of health communication and development. Findings aim to inform development practitioners and policy makers and to stimulate critical reflection. This issue is a study of situation of very young children (0-9). Around one third are orphaned due to AIDS. Initiatives to prevent mother to child transmission are showing some success. In programming there is an overt focus on orphans and vulnerable children and on preventing mother to child transmission. …
These Guidelines aim to provide up-to-date, evidence based, practical information and knowledge designed to help health service providers to make informed decisions on the management of HIV and AIDS in children and to gain basic knowledge about HIV and AIDS in the pediatric age group. The guidelines are mainly based on algorithms with annotations and reflect international best practice. …
This study presents evidence linking the spread of HIV with gender inequality in law and in custom in Pacific Island countries and territories. It suggests recommendations based on the findings, proposing policy responses and programme approaches which can and should be fundamental to fighting the spread of HIV in Pacific Island countries and territories. …
This Stocktaking Report, the second since the "Unite for Children, Unite against AIDS" initiative was launched in 2005, examines data on progress, emerging evidence, and current knowledge and practice for children as they relate to four programme areas: preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, providing paediatric HIV care and treatment, preventing infection among adolescents and young people, and protecting and supporting children affected by HIV and AIDS. …
A decade ago women seemed to be on the periphery of the epidemic, today they are at the epicentre. In fact, the HIV/AIDS epidemic is taking its toll on everyone, but women are impacted more. This leaflet argues that actions to resolve this issue is not simply a matter of justice or fairness, because gender inequality is fatal. It explains that effects of campaigns are limited, unless women are involved.
This publication is offered as a resource for programme staff in organisations that work with babies and young children, or their parents or caregivers, in the context of HIV and Aids, poverty and conflict. It is not intended for direct presentation to grassroots community workers, parents or caregivers.It can be used to develop programmes, training or action sheets for local needs. The material contained in this publication can be used as a set of principles or guidelines.
This chartbook aims to provide policymakers, program managers, and the interested public in sub-Saharan Africa and around the world with a better understanding of the needs and experiences of youth in the region and how investments in youth can help achieve the MDGs. The data is drawn primarily from the Demographic and Health Surveys.
