Ethiopia 2017 report

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General Information

Executive Summary

Please summarize in max 3500 characters the main achievements and challenges in implementing the Convention and the outlook for the future. Please note this is not an introduction to the report or an annotated table of contents.

Ethiopia, with its diversity of culture and fast economic growth, is one of the strongly driven countries in Africa. In the past ten years, Ethiopia’s GDP’s growth rate has been an average of 10%. The country’s renaissance was propelled when it introduced the Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP) in 2010. The objective of this plan is to jump-start the pace of the dynamism of the country. Through the first GTP, which lasts for 5 years, significant results are achieved in developing infrastructures in all aspects. To mention few, road construction and telecommunication are some of the highest achievements of the GTP.

The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia’s constitution article 41(9) and article 91(3) precisely show the government duties and responsibilities to protect, preserve and support the cultural heritages and arts. The constitution highlights the importance of the diversity of cultural expressions in Ethiopia since 1994. Cognizant of the fact that all policies, measures and international agreements ratified by Ethiopia are proven to agree with the constitutional pillars, the upper mentioned and other various articles pledged in favor of the cultural expressions have gotten ample opportunities and conducive platform both to be underpinned by policies and dignified.

As the second GTP starts, Ethiopia, is now investing in the development of its lively cultural sector. Ethiopia has now incorporated culture as a strategic element for the second GTP and for the first time dedicated an entire chapter for the cultural sector, setting up benchmarked goals for the implementation. This move reaffirms Ethiopia’s dedication and the importance of the link between culture and development. (see 4.1)

The country has revised and ratified the new cultural policy, developed in consultation with stakeholders. It underlines the values of the 2005 Convention, supporting the diversity of cultural expressions at the creation, production, enjoyment and dissemination level. The missed link between culture and development in the previous policy has come up vibrant in the revised one. “Development of Cultural Industries” has been genuinely addressed, taking into account its economic and social impact. To this effect, issues like, institutional and legal framework, programs for the development, distribution of cultural products, professional capacity development, investment incentives, awards, and credit facilities have been well addressed for the industries enhancement. (see 1.1)

A clear understanding of the need for decentralized cultural policies, activities and institutional structures that take into account the cultural diversity of the country and the needs of the regions. Each region has its own Culture and Tourism bureau, many festivals are decentralized and organized in regions by both federal and local governments, and artists can access rehearsal spaces in youth centers and other district level infrastructures like Woreda and Kebele. As a progressive measure, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism has started the preparations of the film and a music policy, in collaboration with the civil society. A cultural statistics system is also being set up (see 1.2).

International cooperation:

The international cultural cooperation, which is part of the country’s foreign policy, has gained also momentum when various exchange programs both in and across region were deployed.

Technical Information

Party:

Etiopía

Date of ratification:

2/9/2008

Organization(s) or entity(es) responsible for the preparation of the report:

The Ministry of Culture and Tourism

Officially designated Point of Contact

Title:

First Name:

Yisma Tsige

Family Name:

Yeshanew

Organization:

Ministry of Culture and Tourism

Mailing Address:

1907 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Telephone:

+251912020920

Fax:

2515538680

E-mail:

tsige.yisma@gmail.com

Name of stakeholders, including civil society organizations, involved in the preparation of the report:

Describe the multi-stakeholder consultation process established for the preparation of this report

A Multi-stakeholder Consultation Workshop was held on 9 November 2015, in order to present the 2005 Convention and to consider the status of implementation of the Convention in Ethiopia. Following this consultation, a national team, composed of 17 members from various government institutions and civil society organisations, was established to receive capacity building on Quadrennial Periodic Reporting from UNESCO on the Convention and to prepare the Periodic Report for Ethiopia. A needs assessment was conducted through a collection of data by questionnaire distributed to the national team. Two preparatory meetings were held to familiarise the team with the 2005 Convention, Ethiopia's cultural policy and the projects and programmes relevant to the 2005 Convention.

A three-day capacity building training workshop was conducted by UNESCO's international experts Avril Joffe (Head, Centre for Cultural Policy and Management, Wits School of Arts, South Africa), and Andreas Wiesand, (Executive Director of the European Institute for Comparative Cultural Research, Germany), from 1 to 3 December 2015. The 17 members of the national team were trained in understanding precisely the Convention and identifying contents relevant for the reports. At the end of the training, a drafting committee composed of four members from the national team (including the civil society) was assigned.

National team members undertook data collection and the drafting committee prepared drafts of the first report and shared these with the UNESCO experts.

A two-day writing workshop for the full national team was organised on 25 and 26 May 2016 to finalise the drafting process, specifically to assess collected data and identify additional information to deepen the report. For a month, the team backstopped by UNESCO and the experts, collected missing data, amended and edited the final report in small groups.

Overview of Cultural Policy Context

Parties shall describe the key objectives and priorities of their current cultural policy and the impact the Convention has had in their formulation or reformulation. They will also report on the opportunities and challenges to promote the diversity of cultural expressions in a digital environment.:

The cultural Policy of Ethiopia was revised and ratified only late 2015; it is therefore not realistic to evaluate the achievements and shortcomings of the implementation exhibited over the last few months. However, viewing the content of the policy, and the objective and priorities it sets to create, such as an enabling environment for the creation, production, distribution and provide access to the public to diverse cultural expression, could help to understand how it envisions the sector.

The basic principles of the policy which are accepting and respecting diversity, ensuring culture-based social and economic development, popular participation and public benefit, building a Pan-African identity and interconnection and building international solidarity and cooperation have all to do with the creation, production, distribution and enjoyment of the cultural expressions which are also the main pillars of the 2005 Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expression.

The policy document ensures the creators, producers, distributers and bearer of the diverse Ethiopian cultures to create a legal enabling environment and pledges, among others, the development of heritage resources, cultural industries, cultural identity and diversity through enhancement of cultural institutions, education, cultural database infrastructure, cultural research and international cooperation. While the policy covers the national scope, it also allows regional states to adapt it as per their inbound priorities.

In achieving the great ultimatum of the policy, the document sets strategies to access investment incentives, credit facilities and trainings for creators, producers and distributers. It also witnesses the commitment of the government to implement a motivating award system and monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to increase competitiveness. Within the policy, culture is viewed as a pillar of sustainable development and poverty reduction effort in the nation.

The policy document clearly identifies the role of the government, non-governmental institutions, civil society and the private sector in achieving the objectives of the policy. Moreover, the policy document identifies the sources of finance such as government budgetary allocation, loans and donation, establishment of a trust fund and crowd sourcing.

a) It is (or has been) the basis for changing one or more policies?:

b) It is (or has been) a tool to promote policy discussion?

Yes

How?

In the course of the cultural policy revision and formulation of film and music policy, the convention has been served as a corner stone not to miss some relevant elements identified in the provisions of the 2005 Convention.

c) It is (or has been) a reference for ongoing policy development?

Yes

How?

Film and Music Policies are being formulated and; the Concvention is still the basic document to serve as a reference.

Policies and Measures

CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES
Name of the measure	Alcance de la medida	Nature
National Cultural Policy of the Federal Republic of Ethiopia	Regional, National, International	regulatory
Creation/Production/training/enjoyment: The Ethiopian National Theatre	National, International	institutional
The development of Cultural Centers	National	institutional
Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ Day	National	institutional
Consumption/ Enjoyment/ Dissemination: Inter-regional Theater festivals	National	institutional

INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL COOPERATION
Name of the measure	Alcance de la medida	Nature
Bi-lateral cultural cooperation treaties	National, International	legislative
Preliminary phase of “the Nile Basin countries cultural cooperation”	International	regulatory, institutional
Diaspora policy and cultural participation	International	legislative

PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT
Name of the measure	Alcance de la medida	Nature
Selam Ethiopia	International	institutional

INTEGRATION OF CULTURE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - AT NATIONAL LEVEL
Name of the measure	Alcance de la medida	Nature
Promoting Heritage For Ethiopia’s Development (PROHEDEV)	National	financial
Artistic creation: Harnessing diversity development and social change (cultural industries section)	National	financial, institutional
Program: Cultural Festival for people with disabilities	Local	institutional
Second Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP II: 2016-2020)	National	legislative

EMERGING TRANSVERSAL ISSUES: Resolution 5.CP 9b
Name of the measure	Alcance de la medida	Nature
Broadcasting Service Proclamation No. 533/2007	National	regulatory
The Creation of the Ethiopian Broadcasting Cooperation (EBC): the diversity of Ethiopian cultures digitalisation	National	institutional

CURRENT UNESCO GLOBAL PRIORITY: GENDER EQUALITY
Name of the measure	Alcance de la medida	Nature
Culture and Tourism Sector Women Professional Forum	National	institutional
Example of good practice: National theatre women empowerment programme	Local	institutional

YOUTH
Name of the measure	Alcance de la medida	Nature
Provision of technical, vocational and educational training (TVET) for youth and middle level professionals	National	regulatory
Addis Ababa City Administration Youth Centers	Local	institutional

❭ CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES

National Cultural Policy of the Federal Republic of Ethiopia

Context of the measure:

CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

The main objectives of the policy is to enable the cultural assets and heritage of Ethiopia’s nation, nationalities and peoples to play a key role in creating one economic and social polity through their preservation, development and use as inputs in all development sectors. The policy document firmly pledges to protect and promote culture and heritage, to improve infrastructural development of cultural institutions, to ensure human resource development, and ease financial and regulatory shortcomings (this policy was ratified at the end of 2015).

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

Regional

National

International

c.2. the nature of the measure:

regulatory

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

The main objectives of the policy are to protect and promote culture and heritage, to improve infrastructural development of cultural institutions, to ensure human resource development, and ease financial and regulatory shortcomings

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

Along with the endeavor for the promotion and protection of cultural expressions, heritages and values, the expected results of the Policy to the gorwth of cultural economy are :

With respect to Profession/occupation: increased number and variety of occupations.

With respect to Professionalism: developed professional and creative skills of current and future professionals.

And with respect ot Institutions: improved quality and increased number of institutions .

In all so doing, the results expected are highly interconnected with and interweaved into the poverty eradication and human development programs.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Regional Culture & Tourism Bureaus, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Labor & Social Affairs, Ministry of Trade, Ministry of Women and Children, Ministry of Youth and Sport, Civil Society enga

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

The policy was ratified on December 2015, therefore, it is not realistic to state the financial resources allocated to its implementation by the various cultural agencies.

g. Name of NGOs and/or private companies engaged in the implementation of the measure, if any:

Name:

the Ethiopian Film Makers Association, the Ethiopian Musician Association, the Ethiopian Theater Association, the Ethiopian Writers Association, the Ethiopian Producers Association, the Ethiopian Visual Arts Association, the Ethiopian Audiovisual Associat

Type of Involvement:

The Policy was not implemented during the periods the report covers however, professional associations and private sectors were involved in the development of the policy. For example, the Ethiopian Film Makers Association, the Ethiopian Musician Association, the Ethiopian Theater Association, the Ethiopian Writers Association, the Ethiopian Producers Association, the Ethiopian Visual Arts Association, the Ethiopian Audiovisual Association and training institutions were involved.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

Yes

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

Yes

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

❭ CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES

Creation/Production/training/enjoyment: The Ethiopian National Theatre

Context of the measure:

CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

To support performing arts creation, production, enjoyment, training and research at a national and international level.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

International

c.2. the nature of the measure:

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

- Creating a pool of high quality artists, employed full time by the government. Overall 274 full-time civil servants are working at the National Theatre including 35 actors (12 women, only one woman is directing plays), 72 musicians (9 women), 24 traditional dance performers (12 women) and 6 contemporary dancers (3 women). The proportion of women artists in the National Theatre is still influenced by the performing art tradition, even for modern production. However, this is slowly evolving, and the Theatre is putting a lot of effort in its new women's empowerment program (see the example of good practice 5.2.2).

- Proposing to the audience a vast choice of performances. Indeed, each day of the week has its program on a yearly basis, including modern and traditional drama, modern and traditional music, contemporary dance performances and even musical drama. On top of the yearly program, special shows for targeted audience are also scheduled, in collaboration with the Theatre Department of Addis Ababa University, diplomatic representation in Addis Ababa and the private sector.

- Supporting the writing of new plays by selecting newly written plays and developing scripts internally; foreign plays are also translated into Amharic.

- Being affordable: With 1500 seats, the Theatre offers a large choice of tickets and pricing starting from, 1.8 USD, which is affordable by most citizens. Moreover, students from universities, girls' schools and members of professional artists associations can attend for free when providing a letter from their organisation. Students from the Theatre Department of Addis Ababa University can attend rehearsals and shows for free.

- Increasing knowledge of Ethiopia's cultural sector. The research department of the National Theatre increase knowledge in the traditional and modern expressions of Ethiopia's ethno-linguistic groups cultures as well as audience behaviour. The research results are disseminated on conferences, workshops and publications.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

Proving secure employment for artists and support staff (274 full time staff).

Supporting artistic creation in the field of theatre, music and dance.

Maintaining access to local and international performing arts for Ethiopian people.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The National Theatre, under the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

The Federal funding is increasing yearly. In 2016, of 1,049,350 USD is allocated to cover basic functioning costs. Some projects require extra funding such as Festival out of Addis (a couple of example are detailed later in the report) or particular program (the example of the women empowerment program is detailed in the gender section of the report). Private sector sponsors and entrance fees, as well as occasional rental of the venue, supplement the budget.

g. Name of NGOs and/or private companies engaged in the implementation of the measure, if any:

Name:

Letarik promotion and Rita Wegayehu theater enterprise and JID theater enterprise

Type of Entity:

Private company

Type of Involvement:

They perform their work in the venue.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

National

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

For the last 4 years, the National Theatre has seen a decrease in its audience. There are two reasons for that decrease: the growing interest in football at the stadium and the development of Dstv (Satellite TV) to watch international games. While modern media are developing, the Theatre has to be more and more competitive, but the budget of the institution remains limited (despite of a the yearly increase) and does not cover all production costs. Tickets sales are a critical input and productions have to be limited in their ambitions to stay within budget.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Quantitative: Income, number of tickets sold, number of free tickets provided.

Qualitative: Through survays (interviews, open notebooks to enable audiences write their feeings to improve the service delivery…) the Theatre often measures audience satisfaction.

❭ CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES

The development of Cultural Centers

Context of the measure:

CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

Studying, enriching, promoting and developing cultural values and features of nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia for social, economic and political development.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

c.2. the nature of the measure:

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

In Ethiopia there are 9 regional states and two city administrations. Under each regional state there are a lot of diversity of cultural expressions. To manage each varieties of culture and art of nations, nationalities and peoples, different organizations are established in their respective regions and in the capital city. For example, Oromo cultural center, Amhara cultural centers, Gurage cultural centers can be mensioned to this regard.

The national institution, called the Ethiopian national cultural center, is a government body organizing different national and regional art and cultural festivals. The center is mandated to conserve and develop cultural values through researches, technology application, training, litrary and artistic criticisms, memorial forums and organizing events like culture week. On the bases of this mandates, the center is trying to create a platform for regional and national cultural journalists and artists. It helps as a platform for professionals and society and to mainstream culture as a vector for development.

The centers in collaboration with other public sectors of the country is promoting, conserving and developing culture and art. One of the achievement of the Ethiopian national cultural center, is the support it provides for emerging regions.. These perepheral regions are relatively not well developed like other regions by infrastructure, facility and human resources. Therefore, the center is supporting each emerging regions (Afar, Somali , Gambela and Benshangul-Gumuz) in various possible ways, for example, providing technical support for the cultural centers in the regions .

The culture week organized in each regional state is a hub for other regional states and city administrations to participate and promote, conserve and develop culture and artistic products, service and activities. In each Platform the center invites not less than 20 participants in average from each reagion. All the participants is showcasing their cultural performances, cultural goods and service for all visitors.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

Well documented cultural values and expressions of nations and nationalities.

Level of awareness and understanding on each others cultural values and features among nations and nationalities of the country will be increased.

Mutual respect and understaning among nations, nationalities and peoples on the basis of equality will be enhanced.

Building of a generation that knows, preserves and participates in its culture.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The Ethiopian National Cultural Center and regional cultural centers

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

financed by the government (NC).

g. Name of NGOs and/or private companies engaged in the implementation of the measure, if any:

Name:

Small and Micro level/scale enterprises

Type of Entity:

Private company

Type of Involvement:

Establishsing the centers as a means of income generation.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

National

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

The organization of multiple culture week festivals through out the country was evaluated to be well done. They need to work more on promotion and research; limited infrastructure and trained human resource was also observed.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Number of festivals and audience attended.

Number of exbitions and audience attended.

Number of studies and documentations.

❭ CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES

Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ Day

Context of the measure:

CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

The day on which the rights and equality of the Ethiopian nations, nationalities and peoples were fully guaranteed under Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Constitution was 8 December 1994. A decade ago, the House of federation decided to celebrate every 8 December the Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ Day to promote their cultures, lifestyles and other values, and to strengthen their ties. The day was designed to contribute to the effort of creating one political and economic community in the country, and to celebrate it across the country. It has become an engine to boost tourism and investment in the host regions. The Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ Day affirms the necessity of respect for the fundamental rights of individuals and of the nations and nationalities of the country as well as the development of the country’s various cultures and religions. In fact, this day provides a vital and important demonstration of the strong commitment and respect of the Federal Government and of its peoples for all the nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia, and of their individual cultures, territories and modes of life. It also underlines the fact that Ethiopia has been and still is the common home for all. The Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia ensures the human and democratic rights of all the nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia without exception and it has granted equality and mutual cooperation to them all.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

c.2. the nature of the measure:

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

The festival is hosted each year in a different regional state or autonomous city-administrations. In 2012, Bahir Dar (Amhara Region), in 2013, Jigjiga (Somali Regional State), in 2014, Asosa (Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State), and in 2015, Gambela ( Gambela Regional State) hosted the festival. The 11th Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ Day will be hosted in 2016 in Harar by the Harari Regional State. Each ethnical group is invited to share their culture and creativity, particularly through live performances.

This event is an illustration of the link between the 2003 and the 2005 Convention where intangible heritage is an inspiration for modern and creative performances promoting the diversity of cultural expression. Every year, thousands of people representing all the nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia are participating, as well as senior officials. In 2015, the ceremonies were attended by Prime Minister Hailemariam Dessalegn; First Lady Roman Tesfaye; Deputy Prime Minister, Demeke Mekonen and other high-ranking government officials, and members of the diplomatic corps. The celebration was also honoured by the presence of the President of Sudan, Omar al-Bashir, the Guest of Honour.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

Creating a country in which its people could live peacefully and in harmony, thereby enabling the nation to realize its vision of creating one economic and political community.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

House of Federation and the 11 Culture and Tourism regional bureaus.

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

The house of Federation, each Culture and Tourism Regional Bureau and other participating agencies participate financially and in kind.

g. Name of NGOs and/or private companies engaged in the implementation of the measure, if any:

Name:

N.C

Type of Involvement:

N.C (not communicated)

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

National

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

It´s said to have a great impact on the development of interculturaliry and tolerance.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Each year´s report of the event has been continiously assessed; and therefore taken as the indicative measure of the impact.

❭ CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES

Consumption/ Enjoyment/ Dissemination: Inter-regional Theater festivals

Context of the measure:

CULTURAL POLICIES AND MEASURES

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

Aiming to decentralize the consumption and enjoyment of cultural goods and services in Ethiopia, festivals are supported in the 9 regions and in the 2 city administrations. They are mostly annual inter-regional and inter-agency festivals, with a partnership between representatives of the local government (local Culture and Tourism Bureaus or/and local Universities), and a representative of the Federal Government (the National Theatre or the Ethiopian Cultural Centre), with sometimes a public-private partnership. Those numerous programmes often mix activities falling under the 2003 Convention on intangible heritage and the 2005 Convention on the diversity of cultural expressions. The two main objectives are to promote and stimulate development of Ethiopian diversity of cultures and to deepen cultural partnerships among regional states. Furthermore, it aims to disseminate knowledge and enhance professional creative skills all over the country.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

c.2. the nature of the measure:

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

Many events are organized early, some are at a fixed venue inviting other regions, others have turning hosts.

The Theater Festival (turning locations) and the 1st Bahir Dar Theatre Festival has been selected for this report because it focuses on activities covered under the 2005 Convention and provided readily available information.

The Theater Festival provides performances for the local population. It also facilitates professional exchanges between the local universities’ theatre students and the National Theatre and disseminates research on local cultural goods and practices (including theoretical training). Workshops on theatre production for students, amateur theatre clubs and non-university trained actors is also conducted. The festival was held in Wollo in 2015. In Wollo, during 10 days, 14 contemporary plays in various styles: classical, historical, traditional and modern were performed by more than 120 artists and support staff. An acting competition was also held. Overall, the festival resulted in a collaboration between 1500 university students and the 71 National Theatre professionals. In 2016 it will be held in Mekele.

The 1st Bahir Dar festival is a public-private partnership aiming to promote performing arts among the local community and to enhance the capacity for theatre clubs at local and district administrative levels. This includes the potential creation of a pool of in-house professionals for Bahir Dar theatre Hall, the Mulualem Cultural Centre (Cultural and Tourism Regional Bureau). This first edition brought two different regions together with three universities and Addis Ababa Theatre Hall, but the goal is to develop this festival a bit more each year, bringing together more regions every time. Trainings focused on the exchange of experiences and interaction between well-established actors, directors with local amateur and professional theatre practitioners. Workshops in acting and production related problem-solving were conducted alongside presentations by Addis Ababa University lecturers.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

An Increased accessibility to theatrical experiences all over the country.

The development of theater in various styles in regional states.

Improved skills and networks for local theater artists, to support their career as full time theatre practitioners.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

Regional Culture and Tourism bureaus, Universities, National Theater, Ethiopian Cultural Center

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

For example, in Wollo this year, the National Theatre contributed 9,125 UDS, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism 13,688 USD and Wollo University 73,000 USD to produce the festival, with corporate sponsors providing the extra funds and in-kind support.

g. Name of NGOs and/or private companies engaged in the implementation of the measure, if any:

Name:

BGI – beer and wine producer company, Woyeni Theatre Enterprise

Type of Entity:

Private company

Type of Involvement:

Co-producing the festival.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

Regional

National

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

The quality of the performances was good. However, weak coordination of logistics, insufficiency of budget and lack of understanding of cultural management requirement on the consponsor side has slightly lowered the level of achivment. Regardless of the shortcomings encountered during the event, the audiences were numerous and satisfied.

With regard to the festival, it was seen as a success and the report was delivered to the regional cultural bureau.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Interviews with participants were conducted, a report was produced by the Wollo University and the National Theatre and feedbacks about the performances were received from audiences and given back to the University. The Media coverage included EBC, EBS, Amharic region radio and TV, Addis Zemen Press.

Moreover, trainers provided feedback, audience gave oral feedback. The media response was good, e.g. EBS, regional FM radio and TV stations and the Shegar Radio covered the event.

❭ INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL COOPERATION

Bi-lateral cultural cooperation treaties

Context of the measure:

INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL COOPERATION

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

Ethiopia has signed bilateral treaties on cultural cooperation with more than 17 countries since it has become a party to the convention in 2008. The treaties basically have aimed to:

- Enable public officials to dialogue on policy issues through exchange of visits by delegations of government officials;

- Create conducive environment for performing of arts through exchange of performing tours by troupes of artists;

- Build capacity through exchange of experts, trainings, and educational delegations on the sector;

- Reinforce cooperation between schools of art, association of artists and writers and other cultural institutions;

- Facilitate the organisation of exhibitions on culture and art;

- Promote book fairs and film festivals;

- Enhance exchange of information through exchange of documents, books publications , photographs, audio recordings and films;

- Create conducive environment to collaborate in the restoration and preservation of art and culture;

- Foster exchange of visits of writers and artists;

- Avoid Illicit dealing (import, export and transfer) of works of art;

- Deepen friendship and mutual understanding between people;

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

International

c.2. the nature of the measure:

legislative

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

The bilateral treaties are implemented by the Government together with various stakeholders both at federal and regional level.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

The measure creates a conducive environment for the performing of arts by Ethiopian and foreign artists. It facilitates the exchange of cultural goods and services. It promotes both art and artists of the country. The capacity of schools of art, association of artists and writers and other cultural institutions will likely be built. It helps sharing of best experiences and information dissemination and enhances better understanding between the people of Ethiopia and other countries.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

This information can not be retrieved as it is not identified as a single budget line.

g. Name of NGOs and/or private companies engaged in the implementation of the measure, if any:

Name:

Type of Involvement:

N.C (not communicated)

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

Yes

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

❭ INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL COOPERATION

Preliminary phase of “the Nile Basin countries cultural cooperation”

Context of the measure:

INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL COOPERATION

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

To deepen the common understanding and strengthen the relationship between the Nile basin countries, by demonstrating the creativity of their artistes and traditions of their people. To highlight a common heritage, where it exists, between the basin countries. It has also aimed to strengthen the relation between basin countries through the promotion of cultural exchange.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

International

c.2. the nature of the measure:

regulatory

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

The project was launched in 2013 but the first visit was conducted in 2014. Up to 2016, the project is in its preliminary phase (2 visits by Ethiopian delegations and 3 performances in 3 countries: Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia). Up to this time political bi-lateral cultural cooperation treaties have been signed between Ethiopia and Uganda. Cultural cooperation agreements with Sudan, Egypt and South-Sudan are signed before the launching of the project). Other countries of the Nile basin are also considered in the future plan of the project.

It has two main features:

1- Cultural diplomatic bi-lateral visit in targeted countries:- delegations involve a wide spectrum of sectors of the society , like artists, athletes, musicians, representatives of political parties, members of the civil society, religious leaders, and CEOs of the private sector companies, in Ethiopia. During these visits, policy makers and practitioners of the cultural sector meets their counterparts, and try to build common understanding and joint projects. For example, in Egypt, Ethiopian scholars have met with their Egyptian counterpart to discuss how to promote each other's countries thought literature and academic research.

2 – Public diplomacy event for the general audience: - In Egypt, following the public diplomacy visit, the national Theatre was invited to the annual international festival “Dialogue on Drums”. In Sudan, the performance was directly a part of the Cultural diplomacy visit. Both country orchestras performed in Khartoum, the performance was broadcasted live on the Sudanese National Television. For this first bi-lateral concert, 20 Ethiopian musicians performed nation and nationalities songs, but the long term goal is to involve the modern orchestra. In the back-ground of the show, Sudanese and Ethiopian musicians spent two days together in Sudan, including visits, experience sharing and casual musical improvisation sessions. In 2016, 15 Sudanese musicians came and performed at the National Theatre and kept building the artistic link.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

-Strengthen of mutual ties among countries through cultural cooperation.

-Enhancing of the people-to-people knowledge, understanding and relation through cultural exchange.

-Advancing of common cultural heritages among nations.

-The triggering of research, literary and art works of scholars and artists among the basin countries.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs in collaboration with the National Theatre under the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, and the Parliament.

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

For the Sudan visit: 160,000 USD. For the Egypt visit: 136,034 USD.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

National

International

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs only ran a general evaluation, finding that the events were a success and should be repeated in the future. For example, it has strengthened the relationship with Egypt: following the delegation's visit, the Ethiopian National Theatre has been invited to Egypt and the Egyptian president made an official visit to Ethiopia.

For the National Theatre, despite some timing challenges, the experience was a success in term of audience attendance, media coverage. More importantly the Ethiopian and Sudanese musicians have developed strong personal and professional links.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Media coverage and developed link among professionals.

❭ INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL COOPERATION

Diaspora policy and cultural participation

Context of the measure:

INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL COOPERATION

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

Ethiopia is among the countries whose people migrate at a very high rate. Diaspora could contribute to the development of their home countries through remittance, knowledge and technology transfer, investment, and the like. Engaging the Diaspora residing in different parts of the world and creating a conducive environment for them to participate in the country’s development endeavour has become imperative.

The Diaspora policy ratified in 2013 states that Ethiopians in the Diaspora could play an important role in carrying out research and investing at home. In addition, they could win friends for Ethiopia and try to influence their country of residence to cooperate with our country. Cognizant of the key roles played by Ethiopian residing abroad, the government should take initiatives in creating the most conducive environment for them to play constructive role, including in the cultural sector.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

International

c.2. the nature of the measure:

legislative

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

The policy is very comprehensive, here are the features regarding the 2005 Convention:

- Cultural centres will be established in foreign countries where many Ethiopian community associations exist to encourage Ethiopian Diaspora to develop skills and knowledge on their country’s languages, cultures and history. (5.5.1)

- Diasporas will be mobilized and provided with the necessary support to build cultural centres and museums back home. (5.5.2)

- Support will be provided for Diasporas who plan to organize events such as Diaspora musical performances, sports, cultural events and other arts in destination countries. (5.5.3)

- A program to be named “Know Ethiopia Program-KEP”, learning Ethiopian languages and cultural participation would be designed to help youth Diaspora develop strong attachment towards their country of origin.  (5.5.4)

- In cooperation with youth Diaspora abroad, youth centered Ethiopian culture, literature, art and sport programs will be encouraged; and situation for youth to act in an organized way will be facilitated. (6.3.2.2)

- A mechanism to establish monitoring and evaluation among the Diaspora policy implementing offices will be put in place for the better follow up of the policy implementation. (7.7)

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

Direct expected results are the creation of Ethiopian Cultural Centres overseas and Cultural organisations in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Embassy to India started the process, creating one in Delhi, in 2013.

The long term expected results are:

- to maintain a strong link between Diaspora and Ethiopia and allow Diaspora members to feel connected to their home-country.

- to strengthen diplomatic, cultural and economic relationships with host-countries thanks to diaspora participation.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Ministry of Trade Ethiopian, Investment Agency

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

There is no identified budget line for the cultural participation of the diaspora.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

❭ PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT

Selam Ethiopia

Context of the measure:

PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

Selam Ethiopia is a non–profit, independent organisation based in Stockholm and created by an Ethiopian born Swedish citizen to promote world music and cultural diversity at international levels since 1997. In 2005 a branch office; Selam Ethiopia (NGO Chsa #1204) was opened in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; aiming to work towards promoting music and cultural diversity. Mostly financed by Swedish government funds, the activities of Selam Ethiopia are an illustration of co-development institutional action supported by a developed country.

Selam Ethiopia is engaged in the following key thematic areas: Cultural Diversity and Exchange, Capacity building and Training, Networking and Information Brokerage, and Research. A key pillar in Selam Ethiopia’s operations Selam conducts frequent surveys and research to gauge the performance of Ethiopia’s entertainment and cultural sector to help identify challenges, growth areas and areas where interventions could be made along with stakeholders.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

International

c.2. the nature of the measure:

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

Selam Ethiopia's most known action is its festival, but it is engaged in more than eleven projects in a bid to contribute to the development of culture and entertainment sector in Ethiopia.

Selam Festival Addis: The Selam Festival Addis is an event aiming to provide a quality platform to showcase Ethiopian music and culture. The festival also serves as an important tool to enhance the infrastructure within the music sector and empower its stakeholders. The full-fledged outdoor music concert with international standard event management and execution quality, includes a capacity building and knowledge transfer activities for large crews, volunteers and partners.

In 2016, the 5th edition of the festival’s one week programme included:

- An opening night at the Swedish residence, with on average 500 audience members from foreign embassies and senior officials with refreshment, introductory speeches and 2 international and one local performances preview.

- 2 days of concerts at the Ghion hotel, in front of 7 000 audience members with small fees; followed by free after show jam sessions each evening.

- Three free professional trainings in sound engineering, lighting and event management, 20 participants per workshop, and experience sharing sessions, master classes and conferences.

The Cultural Forum: is periodically organised, on a quarterly basis, to discuss creative related issues including cultural politics, copyright and the culture industry. Some of the issues raised on the forms so far include:

Women in the Arts
Financial institutions and the arts...
Music Leads the Way aims to create opportunities for talented and marginalised youths by providing training in copyright and contractual management, ICT and Social media, studio technics, singing and production and starting pilot music education for elementary school students. The project is being implemented by Selam Ethiopia in collaboration with the Ethiopian Musicians’ Association
Sound Engineering Program:

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

Strengthening and improving the infrastructure within the cultural sector in Ethiopia so that artistic expressions acquire greater prominence and contribute to social and economic progress.

Developed capacities among artists, organisers and associations in Ethiopia.

Established networks and facilitate exchange between professional cultural actors on local, national, regional and international level.

Diversity in the performing arts promoting a modern image of Ethiopia.

Awareness among artists, the government and stakeholders on issues and gaps in the culture sector for further engagement and development.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The project is implemented by an international NGO, The Swedish NGO Selam International, and its collaborative partners.

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

The majority of the funds are granted by SIDA. There are also some budgets allocated from Forum Syd and Swedish Post Code Lotterate. For the implementation of Selam Festival Addis, though, there is a need to raise corporate sponsorship. Each year, corporate sponsors are different. For example in 2016, St. Georges beer (BGI) was the corporate sponsor.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

National

International

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

-Most of the evaluators and participants have positive feedback.

-The media review, local and international, regarding Selam Ethiopia’s projects, including Selam Festival Addis, is positive and supportive.

-The general audience gave encouraging feedback anhows support by 'liking' and commenting on our activities. (please refer the social media of Selam Ethiopia and Selam Festival Addis).

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

There are various indicators that show the success of Selam Ethiopia’s Projects. Some are:

Number of participants to training and workshops and their feedback.
Professional success of former students.
Advocacy outcomes.

❭ INTEGRATION OF CULTURE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - AT NATIONAL LEVEL

Second Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP II: 2016-2020)

Context of the measure:

INTEGRATION OF CULTURE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - AT NATIONAL LEVEL

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

The major objective of GTP II is to serve as a spring board towards realizing the national vision of becoming a low middle-income country by 2025, through sustaining the rapid, broad based and inclusive economic growth, which accelerates economic transformation and the journey towards the country’s Renascence.

The objective of culture and tourism sector is to enhance the contribution of the sector to overall sustainable socio-economic development of the country by creating coordinated and integrated system and enhancing community participation. Accordingly, the main objectives of the culture and tourism sector during the second Growth and Transformation Plan period are to improve the utilization of information resources, enhance the development of cultural industry and market networks, increase the conservation and development of cultural heritage, improve the market system of tourism sector and increase the variety and number of domestic tourism service providers.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

c.2. the nature of the measure:

legislative

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

It is a five year plan.

The plan has put in place strategic directions for the culture and tourism development sector; such as enabling citizens benefit from the sector through conserving and developing cultural and historical heritages and expanding cultural and tourism services and products. In this regard, expanding employment opportunities for women and youth, equitable protection and development of cultural diversities and promoting their values, using research outputs to strengthen the capacity of the sector by establishing strong and reliable information system and undertaking image building and promotion activities to enhance the sector’s contribution to foreign exchange earnings as well as increase the share of the sector in the overall economy to 5% of GDP will be another strategic direction to be pursued during the plan period.

GTP II is primarily considered to be an important milestone towards realizing the national vision. In this context, during the GTPII implementation period, effective public participation in a coordinated and structured manner at all levels is critical to ensuring equitable development and to build developmental political economy. As such, GTP II will focus on ensuring rapid, sustainable & broad-based growth through enhancing productivity of agriculture and manufacturing, improving quality of production and stimulating competition in the economy.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

Here are the expected results falling under the 2005 Convention as mentioned in the Ministry of Culture and Tourism GTP Plan (Annexe 4.1):

Benefits for people (section 2,3,1)

Creation of 1 million jobs in the sector. From GTP1 experience, 70% of the opportunities are expected to be for Youth and Women.

30 million people enjoying Artistic performances and exhibitions.

Availability of books for 25 million people through libraries and bookshops.

Increased social and stakeholders integration. (2.3.2)

9 regions and 2 administrative cities will set up 12 Culture and Tourism councils.

To create awareness of 10 million people about the sector's strategy. And to create general awareness of 20 million students via mass media on the sector.

Increase relation and integration between stakeholder of the sector.

Cultural Industries market development (2.3.7).

Establish and enhance 43 cultural art centres and 174 multi-functional cultural centres at regional and Woreda level in the whole country.

Establishing11 cultural forums for high performance in culture and tourism: in all regions and city Administration as well as at Federal level.

30 theatre and cinema institutions Established, which are co-operated by government agencies and communities.

2169 small scale enterprises which are engaged with the cultural industries provided with regulatory support, market integration and capacity building.

Participating in 50 continental and regional cultural festivals per year.

799 festivals and exhibitions nation wide.

12 Institutions established to encourage creative professionals.

Develop modern communication technology and techniques (2.3.14) includes achieving 100% network expansion with 9 regions, the two city administrations and 7 subordinate institutions.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The Ministry of Culture and Tourism The Ministry of Education The Ministry of Justice The Ministry of Housing and Urban Development. The Ministry of Finance and Economic Cooperation Development The Ministry of Trade The Ministry of Foreign Affairs The Rev

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

No details are available.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

❭ INTEGRATION OF CULTURE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - AT NATIONAL LEVEL

Promoting Heritage For Ethiopia’s Development (PROHEDEV)

Context of the measure:

INTEGRATION OF CULTURE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - AT NATIONAL LEVEL

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

The Programme contributes to the achievement of the objectives established under the National Cultural Policy adopted by the Ministry of Culture.

Its general objective is to increase the long-term contribution of heritage and culture to the socio-economic development of Ethiopia by preserving and developing targeted heritage sites and sectors and improving their management.

The purpose of the Programme is to contribute to:

Improving the living conditions of the population.
Enhancing cultural identity and diversity.
Enhancing the tourism sector.

In this report, only the actions falling under the 2005 Convention will be mentioned. For more information on the overall project please refer to annexe n°4.2.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

c.2. the nature of the measure:

financial

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

The strategy adopted by the Programme is based on:

Decentralised implementation: Through regional projects to reinforce local capacities to ensure a more effective ownership and participation of local communities, as well as a more effective protection and promotion of natural and cultural resources.

Capacity building: Transfer of specific competences and skills to officials, agents and operators at national and regional level in order to ensure long-term sustainability.

Market orientation: Effective involvement of the private sector is a key issue.

Communication: The common denominator of the programme is to support Ethiopia in enhancing and promoting its national and products image. It will also contribute in creating national and international networks.

The Project is organised in five closely interlinked clusters of activities, four of them fall under the 2005 Convention.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

The four main results in the framework of the 2005 Convention are:

Result 1: The knowledge, capacities and skills of officials and managers from the cultural institutions are strengthened to lead the development and promotion of heritage and culture as vector for development.

Result 2: The necessary databases aimed to support decision making in cultural sectors management are built and kept functional in favor of the MoCT and its related institutions

Result 3: The role of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism in networking the different cultural actors is reinforced.

Result 4: Capacity of the three emerging regions (Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambella and Somali Region) will be developed.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The Programme has been jointly elaborated by the Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and the European Union. Here are the implementing agencies: Ministry of Culture and Tourism: The project supervisor and directly responsible for its

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

The Financial Agreement has been signed in July 2013 for an operational period of 5 years. (2020) The EU shall contribute for an estimated total amount of 10.000.000 € (approximately 250 million Bir). The MoCT will contribute with the human resources necessary to implement the Programme at the Ministry level.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

National

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

The financial aspect has been evaluated and could be found out that there is no ineligible cost in the project.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Financial auditing according to the EU Guideline was the indicator to determine the project’s financial evaluation.

❭ INTEGRATION OF CULTURE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - AT NATIONAL LEVEL

Artistic creation: Harnessing diversity development and social change (cultural industries section)

Context of the measure:

INTEGRATION OF CULTURE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - AT NATIONAL LEVEL

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

The Millennium Development Goal fund (MDG-F) achievement fund for culture and development thematic window is among the major joint programs funded by the Spanish government and channelled through the UN system for Harnessing Diversity for Sustainable Development and Social Change (HDSDSC). The program had the following objectives:

Strengthening intercultural/religious dialogue to foster mutual understanding of heritage and the sharing of common values with view of contributing towards social cohesion.

Developing and implementing policy as well as setting the legal frameworks for the protection and safeguarding of Ethiopia’s natural and cultural heritage.

Harnessing the potential of the cultural and creative industries, particularly heritage-based activities such as handicrafts, cultural tourism for income generation, economic development and poverty alleviation.

Enhancing indigenous knowledge, protection and value of natural heritage management as well as strengthening the link between nature and culture- based sustainable development.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

c.2. the nature of the measure:

financial

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

Harnessing the potential of cultural industries (handicrafts and creative) and tourism for income generation and poverty alleviation: this includes development of cultural infrastructures (for example establishing four Living Cultural Resources Center) ; provision of skill development trainings, equipment and seed money for the target community and enable them to engage in business activities.

It was an integrated multi-sector and multi-agency program addressing sustainable development and social issues. The part of the project related to the 2005 Convention sought to harness the cultural creativity of Ethiopia for economic development and social progress.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

The Joint Project supported the Ethiopian government efforts in alleviating poverty through the direct and indirect contributions of culture to economic growth. The direct contribution of the Joint Project included the creation of culture related income generating schemes. In this regard, income generation opportunities through cultural industries allow economic development, diversification of income, and serve to supplement the income of the poor. The job opportunities created has increased income generation capacity of the project beneficiaries of which the majorities are women and youth who have shown an observable livelihood improvement. It has strengthened the development and implementation of culture related laws/policies and the incorporation of indigenous knowledge to heritage management.

The indirect contributions include the creation of enabling and conducive environment for the citizens of the country at large by enhancing social cohesion, creating peace and stability among peoples. This in turn helps to foster socio-economic development through promoting mutual understanding and appreciation of diversity, reconciliation and peace, which are essential elements for social stability and constructive engagement among different cultures and religion. It also empowered the community especially the disadvantaged groups (women and youth).

With regard to enhancing and promoting Ethiopian nations, nationalities, and peoples languages and folklores, Ethiopian Languages policy drafted; the Cultural policy of Ethiopia, issued in 1990, revised; Orthographies, Grammars and Folklores on the languages of the Ari and Hamar ethnic groups studied, documented, produced and made ready for use.

The languages policy drafted and the cultural policy revised as well as the Orthographies, Grammars and Folklores for the Ari and Hamar ethnic groups language prepared which has created favorable condition to the languages, cultural, historical and natural heritage, fine arts, handicrafts, oral literature, customs and other cultural elements of the nations, nationalities and peoples.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Regional Bureaus of Culture and tourism, together with UNCT, UNESCO & UNDP.

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

5 million USD was planned for the project but only 3,556,631.00 USD were actually utilised.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

Yes

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

National

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

N.C

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

N.C

❭ INTEGRATION OF CULTURE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - AT NATIONAL LEVEL

Program: Cultural Festival for people with disabilities

Context of the measure:

INTEGRATION OF CULTURE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - AT NATIONAL LEVEL

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

Moto: “Participating in culture is part of development”

The measure has aimed to increase social inclusion of the people with disabilities by bringing to stage various form of cultural expression performed by disabled people, in order to:

- Show the public that people with disabilities have capacity in cultural practice.

- Increase personal confidence and empowerment of beneficiaries.

- Provide professional training to allow the beneficiary to have a stable personal income.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

Local

c.2. the nature of the measure:

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

This Festival have been on for the past 3 years for two days; the most recent one was held on April 22 and 23 2016.

More than 2000 audience attended the festival.

During two days associations’ members of people with disabilities involved in dance performances, poem recitation and drama performances (both written by the participants topic related to the objective of the Festival), fashion show, photography and painting exhibition as well as panel discussions. A cultural product bazaar including traditional and modern arts and handicraft products produces by the participating association was also organised.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

- better inclusion of the disabled people.

- a better averseness in other ministries supporting the advocacy process and the implementation of MOUs between the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs and other government bodies.

- Professional opportunities for the most talented of the participants.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The Ethiopian National Cultural centre under the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, and the Federation of Ethiopian National Association of Persons with Disabilities.

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

Not communicated

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

Local

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

Compared to the previous two festivals, the event found a better audience.

The Bazar was of a better quality and products were well advertised.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Audience number and qualitative satisfaction by informal interviews.

❭ EMERGING TRANSVERSAL ISSUES: Resolution 5.CP 9b

Broadcasting Service Proclamation No. 533/2007

Context of the measure:

EMERGING TRANSVERSAL ISSUES: Resolution 5.CP 9b

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

It was necessary to revise the existing law on broadcasting service to take into account that broadcasting service plays a significant role in the political, economic and social development of the country by providing information, education and entertainment programs to the public. Moreover, broadcasting plays a major role in exercising the basic constitutional rights such as freedom of expression, access to information and the right to elect and be elected. It is then essential to ensure proper and fair utilisation of the limited radio wave wealth of the country. It seems also essential to clearly define the rights and obligations of persons who undertake broadcasting service.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

c.2. the nature of the measure:

regulatory

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

The Ethiopian Broadcasting Authority (EBA) is established as an autonomous federal agency accountable to the Office of Prime Minister. It regulates and ensures the expansion of a high standard, prompt and reliable broadcasting service that can contribute to political, social and economic development.

EBA ensures that the broadcasting service contributes to the proper social, economic, political and cultural development of the country by controlling licences, frequency and technical standards.

Licences: EBA issues broadcasting service licenses following the regulation criteria. It fixes and collects license fees for broadcasting services.

Frequency: EBA determines the site and coverage area of a broadcasting station to avoid an overlap with any radio communication. It controls illegal transmissions and the use of the radio wave allocated.

Standards: EBA Prescribes technical standards for different categories of broadcasting services and issues certificates of compliance to importers of the instruments and supervise their operations;

Ethiopian Broadcasting Authoroty (EBA) also conducts studies on the development of the broadcasting services and decides on complaints arising in relation to broadcasting services.

Three categories of licences have been created: public, commercial and community broadcasting services.

Public broadcasting services shall for example, enhance the participation of the public through the presentation of government policies and strategies as well as activities related to development, democracy and good governance. It shall also present programs which reflect the unity of peoples based on equality;

Commercial broadcasting services shall for example, provide equal treatment to any community in its license area and include regional and national news in its programs.

Community broadcasting services shall for example, carry out its activities based on the needs of the community regarding development, education and good governance; promote and develop the language, culture and artistic value of the community...

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

- An increased accessibility to information, particularly in remote area, leading to a better integration of remote territories and their citizens.

- Better information on local and international issues, and a better awareness of National Plan and the performance of the government

- A variety of topics broadcasted, encouraging shows about local community interests and local issues.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The Ethiopian Broadcasting Authority (EBA)

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

N.C

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

Regional

National

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

Diversity of channels: On the top of the 48 public regional radio stations broadcasting nationally, 28 Community radios and 19 Private radios broadcast locally, including Sheger Radio that also benefit of the satellite to reach an international audience. Dimtse Woyane Tigray and Radio Fana are the only private radios at brocading nationally. 18 public Television stations are broadcasting in the regions. There is no private television opened yet, but more than 20 applications has been received. Three channels (Fana, Arkie and Walta Information) are to be opened in 2016.

Diversity of languages: More than 30 languages are used, including Arabic, English and French as well as all major local languages.

Content: Most radios performed their duty on agreement with the law, but a few breaches have been identified. For example, using an exaggerated amount of advertisement can be at the expense of the content.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Compliance with the regulation.

❭ EMERGING TRANSVERSAL ISSUES: Resolution 5.CP 9b

The Creation of the Ethiopian Broadcasting Cooperation (EBC): the diversity of Ethiopian cultures digitalisation

Context of the measure:

EMERGING TRANSVERSAL ISSUES: Resolution 5.CP 9b

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

In 2015 the EBC authority was established to regulate all broadcasting in the country (radio and television) and to promote the culture and history of the nations, nationalities and people of Ethiopia. EBC was formed to utilise new technologies to reach further regions to broadcast in different languages and become a primary source of information. Symmetrically its intention is to assist the overall development efforts of Ethiopia.

To attract advertisements to supplement government grants for sustainability and to increase its competitiveness with satellite TV.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

c.2. the nature of the measure:

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

The national television station, ETV and the state owned radio stations merged to form EBC in 2015. Some of the regions have their own television and radio stations.

For the last 4 years, the analogical recording material has been replaced by digital one. The creation of the EBC platform implement the digitalisation of broadcasting techniques.

To showcase and promot the diversity of Ethiopian cultural expressions through their own languages, local and international languages are served as mediums.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

It enhances the capacity of the broadcaster in terms of both human power and using digital technology,

It will reach the entire country which ensures transparency and sharing of information.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

Office of Government Communication Affairs

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

EBC Budget

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

❭ CURRENT UNESCO GLOBAL PRIORITY: GENDER EQUALITY

Culture and Tourism Sector Women Professional Forum

Context of the measure:

CURRENT UNESCO GLOBAL PRIORITY: GENDER EQUALITY

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

Cognizant of the fact that the culture and tourism sector provides employment opportunities for women and their outnumbering in participation doesn’t improve their status, empowering women (in terms of quality, creativity and rank) and bringing them to a higher level has then become the very objective of the measure.

The Forum aims to empower women in different ways: through experience sharing, training and women advocacy in the cultural field. They are meeting every year on the International Women Day and organise at least 12 trainings each year.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

c.2. the nature of the measure:

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

Beneficiaries: Professional women in arts and cultural sector. Men and youth are also involved in mainstreaming trainings.

Actions:

-Training:areas of the training are revolved around the enhancement of skills like assertiveness and advocacy, leadership and interprenership, and cultural policies. Practically it has helped them to fight against stereotypes, improve their skills and understand the potential of the sector.

- Annual celebration: Marsh 8 is celebrated every year together with the annual meeting of the Forum. Each regional state forum attends the meeting and discusses challenges. This event rotates every year from region to region ; thus each region shares its best practices to the rest.

- Special training is provided with the help of Ethiopian Musicians Association.

- Conducting research related to women in handicraft, performing arts and on women’s literacy impact on children. The results are validated with the stakeholders and disseminated to concerned bodies.

MoU to work with different directorates (of different institutions).

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

Strengthening the skills of women and increasing their participation in the sector.

Reach gender balance at each decision making level of the culture and tourism sector.

Mainstreaming gender in the sector of culture and tourism.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

Women and youth afairs directorate of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

From government regular budget, more than 4 562 USD project cost.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

National

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

The results on direct beneficiaries are positive.

Lack of funds from regional states to support downstream trainings is an impediment to achieve the mainstreaming of gender issues at local level.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Qualitative interview with participants to follow their progress and outreach support when facing challenges particularity in conducting downstream training in regions.

❭ CURRENT UNESCO GLOBAL PRIORITY: GENDER EQUALITY

Example of good practice: National theatre women empowerment programme

Context of the measure:

CURRENT UNESCO GLOBAL PRIORITY: GENDER EQUALITY

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

Empowering Ethiopian women and increase the gender balance and access to culture, as an audience member and as an artist.

This programme is an illustration of a good practice in terms of implementation of the gender equally strategy, compulsory for every agency in Ethiopia.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

Local

c.2. the nature of the measure:

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

Every Sunday, «Yekaki Wurdot», a contemporary Gurage play about an empowered women who, during Emperor Tweodros period (mid 19 century), was asking for gender equality, is performed in Amharic.

This project is not only promoting women leadership in the content for the play, it also empowers professional women at every level of the production.

During the afternoon, extra shows are often performed with free entrance for targeted audience in the National Theatre (women associations, girl schools...) or at Addis Abeba University in open air.

A one week tour in Debre Zeit, Awasa and Gurage region.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

An increase in the number of women attending the National Theatre and performing Art in general.

A change in the audience perception of women in Ethiopian context.

Enhancing women performers' experience.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

The National Theatre and the Gurague Association.

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

The 1.5 million Birr (1 USD is equivalent to 20 odds Birr) overhead cost this program is covered by the Gurague association

Financing by the National theater.

g. Name of NGOs and/or private companies engaged in the implementation of the measure, if any:

Name:

Gurague Association

Type of Entity:

NGO

Type of Involvement:

Co-financing (initiative?)

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

Local

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

This ongoing programme is a success. Women audience came with support letters, benefited from the 50% price discuount or even for free.

35 women are working on the project (including directing). The show is one of the most popular in 2014 and since then.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Number of ticket sold, generated income, number of free tickets , number of performance, gender balance in the play, general audience satisfaction and Media coverage.

❭ YOUTH

Provision of technical, vocational and educational training (TVET) for youth and middle level professionals

Context of the measure:

YOUTH

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

To introduce new curricula and programmes in technical, vocational and educational training centers to build new skills required for the cultural and creative industries.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

National

c.2. the nature of the measure:

regulatory

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

Over the last four years the Ministry of Culture and Tourism together with the Ministry of Education has worked hard to create training opportunities for youth in the culture & creative sector. In the great endeavor exerted, 59 occupations at various levels (L1-L5) could be identified; occupational standards (OS) and assessment tool (AT) for each could be prepared and dispatched to the training institutions to design curricula in accord with the OS and start the training.

In the course of implementation, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism evaluated the variation of achievements among regional colleges.

However, the basement work for the production of skilled youth in the cultural and creative industries has been well done (document is annexed).

The scope of the measure covers the whole nation. Regional training institutions could offer trainings by the 59 identified occupations if they could afford. Meanwhile, they are supposed to take up some of the fields that best fit the regional resources and market.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

The expectation is very high. The project is intended to lead the sector by skilled man power. Various sub-sectors in the cultural and creative industries have been led by individuals who have the interest and money to get involved. Consequently, this is believed to have crippled the sector at some degree. Thus, this measure would bring experience and training together to overturn the ill-practices in the sector.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

Ministry of Culture and Tourism

Ministry of education

Regional bureaus of culture and tourism

Regional bureaus of TVET

TVET colleges/institutions

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

N/C

g. Name of NGOs and/or private companies engaged in the implementation of the measure, if any:

Name:

NGOs, private sector and civil society

Type of Entity:

NGO

Type of Involvement:

In sharing the technical knowledge and the industry`s current need, these parties play an immense role in this project.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

National

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

This project is one of the major areas of periodic evaluation taking place every 6 months in the sector. In the beginning of February 2016, while a physical supervision was carried on across the country, this project was the main point of evaluation though the result found was still far from the intended desire of the sector.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Number of occupatins and assemnet tools prepared for the identified cultural fields are the indicators to determine the impact.

❭ YOUTH

Addis Ababa City Administration Youth Centers

Context of the measure:

YOUTH

b. Objetivos clave de la medida:

The major objective is:

· To prevent and protect the youth (15-29 years old) from harmful practices and grow creative talents by serving as education and recreation center.

c. What is:

c.1. the scope of the measure:

Local

c.2. the nature of the measure:

institutional

c.3. Característica principal de la medida:

There are about 500 clubs and 9000 members under the Youth Centers. These centers support and train youth in art and life skills.

Yoths join Clubs based on personal interest with a good opportunity to scale up to professional carrior. Most of the members are high school students and voluntary university students could also join.

Involving the youth in volunteering: they can support the youngest by teaching literacy, national exam preparation, or sports and arts (specially dance).

Competition of dance and theatre.

It gives services on: HIV counseling and testing, library, cafeteria, internet, gym, sport and recreation (indoor and outdoor games), life-skill training, peered training. In each youth center, different youth clubs like Drama, Music, Dance, Photography and Sports are also established. The centers provide hall rent service. The amount set for the youth is low (sports, internet, cafeteria…) or free (library, HIV, training). The Youth Clubs are focussing only on culture and have been accessed to the stage and screen.

It extends support to Professional organizations such as Destino Dance Company or Gamo Circus by providing a free access to the hall for rehearsal.

d. Does it specifically target individuals and/or social groups as defined in Article 7 of the Convention?:

Yes

e. What are the results expected through the implementation of the measure?:

Literacy,

Enhanced participation of youths in cultural expressions and socio economic development of the country.

Increased social participation through volunteering.

f.1 Name of agency responsible for the implementation of the measure:

Youth and sports bureaus in the 9 regions and 2 city administrations, as well as each District.

f.2. Recursos financieros asignados para implementar la medida:

Only the salary of the employee and the rental of the building is covered by the governamant (21 workers in each youth center), the rest depends on NGO support and rental of the venue. Income generating activities such as renting (hall, gym, cinema)

g. Name of NGOs and/or private companies engaged in the implementation of the measure, if any:

Name:

Ethiopian Youth Association

Type of Entity:

NGO

Type of Involvement:

The Ethiopian Youth Association is providing activities and support nation wide. Various clubs are created at the local level by the youth.

h. Was this measure introduced or revised in order to:

h.1. Implement the provisions of the Convention?:

h.2. Support/nurture policy discussion inspired by the Convention?:

h.3. Other reasons unrelated to the Convention?:

Yes

i. Has the implementation of the measure been evaluated?:

Yes

i.1 At what level the evaluation was conducted?:

Local

Regional

i.2 What were the main conclusions?:

Voluntery participation of youths in the cultural expressions at the centre keeps growing.

i.3 Which indicators were used to determine impact?:

Increasing number of members, income generated by the centers, and number of audience.

Civil Society

Parties

Have you taken initiatives involving civil society in activities to:

Promote the objectives of the convention through awareness raising and other activities:

Yes

Please explain how:

The convention has been promoted in many workshops. For example a workshop by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism to promote all UNESCO conventions was held in 2016 involving all the regions to raise awareness with regional governments. While civil society was not involved in this workshop, the intention was to ensure that regional governments understand how to work with civil society going forward. However, a separate measure to promote the objectives of the convention has not been yet taken.

Please explain how:

The civil societies in Ethiopia (9 associations in the cultural field) are both sources of data and strong partners of the ministry of culture and tourism and regional bureaus of equivalent institutions in producing measures of any kind in the sector.

Their involvement in the revision of the recently ratified Cultural Policy (2015) and many other strategic documents (for example Film policy, Cinema hall standards, copyright amendment, Collection Management Society) which have been undergoing is very active and fruitful by any measure.

Provide spaces where ideas of civil societies can be heard and discussed while developing policies:

Yes

Please explain how:

The need of the civil society’s involvement is not only to have the crude technical knowledge of the sector. It’s rather demanded to represent their voices and avoid the potential threats that have concerned them.

A good manifestation can be taken from the formulation of film policy while civil societies of the film and audio-visual sector press hard their concern in need of policy support.

Implement Operational Guidelines

Yes

Please explain how:

While Ministry of Culture and Tourism and regional bureaus are regulatory body of operational guidelines of the sector; still various governmental institutions and civil societies that have stake(s) in it have also a limited compartmentalised role in implementing operational guidelines.

Other

Is Civil Society contributing to this report?

Yes

Civil Society

Has the civil society taken initiatives to:

Promote the principle and the objectives of the Convention locally and internationally:

Yes

Please explain how:

The capacity bulding on the quadrennial periodic report organized by UNESCO and supported by SIDA was the first opportunity for civil society to be involved directly in the promotion of the Convention.

Promote ratification of the Convention and its implementation by governements:

Yes

Please explain how:

Through the first quadrennial periodic report process (2016).

Bring the concerns of citizens, associations and enterprises to public authorities, including vulnerable groups:

Yes

Please explain how:

Music education advocacy:

The fact that music is not taught anymore at elementary level represent a challenge for upgrading music of Ethiopia to an international level. Most of the artists learn an instrument only in college. Thought Starting early is essential, not only to train the future musician, but also the future listeners, producers and sound professionals. Beyond the advocacy, the Ethiopian Music Association is running an experiment in 2015-2016, where three schools, one from government school, one a community school and one a private school, benefited from a free training program.

Along with the music education advocacy, The Ethiopian Music Association also advocated for the standardisation of indigenous instruments to support the early teaching and to increase professional standards.

Visaul Arts education advocacy:

Visual Arts scools and universities are only located in addis Ababa, the Visual Artists Association (whose memebers are from all over Ethiopia) is advocating for the the develppement of Art schools in regions. Their action is not limited at the federal level and they travel to provide workshops and advocate at regional and local level. A successful exemple of this advocacy is given under the section “capacity building”.

Accessibility:

Selam Ethiopia is advocating the integration of visually impaired youth in regular music curriculum. Yared School of Music, now part of Addis Ababa University, has opened its door to blind students where the first beneficiaries are graduating in 2016. Some organization are not advocating for inclusiveness but put it into practice in their actions. The Ethiopian Visaul Arts Association conducted a project with the Ethiopia National Association of Persons with DisabilitiesThe Ethiopian Writers association also have several members of with disabilities, providing them with technical support (design of posters and brochures) and art classes for children with an art therapy approach. The approach in regards to them is that they are recogmized as writers first. There is no need to ratify any policy on the emphasis of their disability because that would make them appeare different. Therefore, all are writers and there is no new policy or structure that would need to be addressed.

Most musicians in Ethiopia live from their live shows and don’t receive royalties for their disc sales nor their radio and television. The best case scenario, famous and prominent musicians earn a lump sum from selling their master. Organisations such as Selam and the Ethiopian musician association have been advocating on copyright issues for 10 years.

Copying disc for families, friends, and even for commercialization is common in Ethiopia. Focusing on the infringement of Copyright, musicians through the music industry stopped releasing albums in 2010/2011 until 2013. At this point the government implemented the Copyright Policy and started new measures such as arresting people involved in piracy with punishment supported in law.

Women rights:

The Ethiopian Women Writer Association is focusing on advocating the empowerment of women in Ethiopian society. The Ethiopian Music Association establish a partnership with a lawyer association to provide awareness raising training on women’s rights to women artists in order to empower them in their practice and stand along men in their carrier and in their personal life.

Artistic actions:

During their one week regional trips, the Ethiopian Writers Association meet with their local branches and organize poetic evenings. There is usually a major piece reading and sometimes performing all along the week, but also some more participative sessions. In Ethiopia, poetry is popular and people like to use this medium to express their traditional culture but also their personal views. Those outdoor reading and sharing session in site specially chosen for their symbolic perspective; a free space of dialogue. Government officers often participate in the association. This is a very deep way to connect with the need of citizens need and also portray the perspective of the government.

Contribute to the achievement of greater transparency and accountability and accountability in the cultural governance:

Yes

Please explain how:

Overview

The engagement between civil society and the government has increased in the last 4 years. At the same time the number of infringements in all cultural fields have increased such as music and film industries that is affecting the livelihoods of those in the stakeholders in the industry. The numbers of people involved is not yet precisely known but is a source of common concern to both government and civil society.

In the field of Royalties and copyright

To this date, there are no royalties collection in place but the civil society is actively working with Intellectual Property and Royalties Society in the domain of music, film and literature. The Ethiopian music association, the Ethiopian Visual Arts Association, the Ethiopian Writers Associations, Ethiopian Film Association, Ethiopian Theater Arts Association, Audio-visual producers Assoication and Selam Ethiopia and Selam Ethiopia have successfully advocated the creation of the Copyright Society for collecting royalties supported by the Intellectual Property Office who has a mandate to organize and license such organisations, whom stakeholder would be the professional associations. The government is now looking at the implementation procedure, including at regulatory level, with the active support of the civil society. The president of the Ethiopian Writer Association was a participant of a WIPO program supported by SIDA including a visit to Swedish copyright collection system. The Ethiopian filmmaker association has also been working since 2013 on the implementation of film copyright. Progress has been made in registering films as intellectual property, confiscating pirate editions of films and arresting infringers. The Ethiopian Filmaker association is also working with the Ethics and Anticorruption Commission to give training on ethics and copyright infringement to filmmakers. Last year, the Visal Arts Association also suppoted the case of a member whose art have been copied in a corporate calendar; they achieved a satisfactory settlement. The writers associations participated in decision making on book plagiarism, including when a book has been adapted to the stage or the screen with the author’s authorization. In addition, the revenue authority demands validation of trademarked logos from graphic designers.

The governance of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism

Professional associations such as the writers association also seat with the Ministry of Culture and Tourism to participate in debates on the budget and measures implementation in their respective fields. It is important to state that no civil society organization receive support from the government and live only of memberships and a few corporate sponsors.

Monitor policy and programme implementation on measures to protect and promote diversity of cultural expression:

Yes

Please explain how:

Many organizations are conducting research, but it so far not focused on the monitoring of policy and programmes, thought it sometimes can cover this field. For example, Selam Ethiopia held Cultural Forum where specialists and practitioners talk about various policy matters or the development of a specific sector of the Cultural industries in Ethiopia. The Visual Artis Association is yearly providing the Minitry of Culture and Toursim with a reaserch paper on state of the contemporary visual Art developpement.

Build capacities in domains linked to the Convention and carrying out data collection:

Yes

Please explain how:

Selam Ethiopia and the Ethiopian Music Association are constantly working to build the capacities of musicians and technical professionals in the field of sound to complement initial trainings. For example in the last 3 years, 90 music graduate unemployed students were trained in social media for self promotion, band management, professional studios, music and lyrics writing and singing. As stated in the preferential treatment chapter, Selam Ethiopia is developing the capacity of blinds musicians.

In 2016, the Ethiopian Visual Arts Association went to Bahir Dar to train self-taughts artists and meet with the local Culture and Toursim bureau. It resulted in the signature of an MOU between the local governanat and the association an visual arts trainings for secondary school students.

As stated earlier, in the framework of their advocacy for music training in elementary schools, the Ethiopian Musician association is teaching in 3 schools: one government, one community and one private school.

Selam Ethiopia through its research program is conducting data collection in the music sector.

Create innovative partnerships with the public and private sectors and with civil society of other regions of the worlds:

Yes

Please explain how:

Yes, through the involvement with international and regional artists in festivals, concerts, exchanges, workshops etc. Here are two example:

Colours of the Nile Documentary Film Festival:

For two years running, the Ethiopian Film Makers Association, in collaboration with a local company, Blue Nile Film and Television Academy, hosted 50 foreign directors/ cinematographers/ actors/ producers/ sound/ lighting/ costumes/ set design, scriptwriters in Ethiopia for two weeks to work with 150 Ethiopian film makers.

The event included:

- 30 Free public screenings of local and international documentaries and feature films in 3 venues in National Theatre, Alliance Francaise and Pushkin Centre. These were followed by public discussion with the director.

- Creating opportunities for scriptwriters to receive feedback and co-funding from foreign filmmakers to produce 3 films. This included local Ethiopian filmmakers.

- Exchange of skills, master classes, training, showcasing and discussion of films

This event was open to the general audience targeted in the training component. Filmmakers were drawn from all regions. Youth and women where majority of the 150 participants were women, also had the exposure and training.

(see also Selam Ethiopia in the Preferential treatment and its capacity building programs in the field of music)

Pan-African Circus Festival, by Fekat Circus

In November 2015, a dynamic group of Ethiopian young circus lovers called the Fekat Circus (the blossoming circus) organized the first African Circus Arts Festival with the support of UNESCO, the Prince Claus Fund, Fondation Alta Mane Geneva, Fondazione Alta Mane Italia, and few other minor donors.

Totally, 107 performers from Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Senegal, South-Africa and Zambia attended the event to link, share, and highlight the continent’s cultural wealth and diversity.

The Festival program included three days shows in a central cultural venue, two days workshop among the artists, and three days meeting among the circus managers. Besides giving a vast audience (12,000 people) the opportunity to attend a unique circus performance, the Festival has been an occasion for African circuses to exhibit their talent, gain visibility, exchange experiences, and acquire new tools to better develop and promote themselves.

Despite its cultural, social and economic importance, circus is still poorly recognized in Ethiopia. Considering its expansion and the actual economic boom in several African countries, the Festival has been a successful way to showcase circus as an art form to count with in the continent’s development.

Main Festival out-puts:

- Creation of an African Circus Alliance (with 8 African circuses)

- Circus attracted the attention of local authorities, who then decided to open a TVET on circus arts.

The second edition of the Festival is scheduled in November 2017 thanks to funds from the European Union.

This extend beyond festivals and reach toward the cultural diplomacy.

The Ethiopian Writer Association and its international programme:

The Ethiopian Writer Association has a few international bi-lateral agreements. For example with the Egyptian writer association (mutual invitations and literature workshops are planned) or the Russian Writer association (only one meeting has happened so far). The strongest connection is with the Sudan Writer Association.

They also have a pan-african vision. In 2014, they organized a African Writer Association Meeting: 50 members from all over Africa and even African American writers spend a week in Addis, all paid by the organisation through sponsors. All organization developed good relationships but the dynamic of organizing another meeting in a different country is weak.

Since the Ethiopian Writer Association received a land from the municipality (3000 m2 plot), they want to organize the Pan-Afirican Writer Association and build a modern office, a guest house, a library and a stage for public readings. A school of architecture is currently working on the project that will need to be funded.

We can also mention a public-private partnership: The Ethiopian Art for All festival, orgenised jointly by the MoCT and the Visual Artists Assoication for the 3 past years. This festival based in Addis, but inviting artists from Amhara and Oromia regional states is changing venues evey year. In 2014, it was orgenised in Addis Ababa’s private galleries with additonal street performances, in 2015 it was held at the Ethioian Cultural Center and in 2016 at the Oromo Cultural Center of Addis Ababa. The budget of this event is provided by the Ministry of Culture (around 86 000birr)

The Ethiopian Visual Arts Association has established a partnership with the Youth Suddanese Plastic Artists Union thanks to the Nile Basin countries cultural cooperation programme.They already had reciprocal visits and exhibitions.

Challenges encountered or foreseen to implement the Convention:

Challenge 1: Lack of awareness about the Convention
Challenge 2: Divergent organisations in same sector, lack of coordination, lack of finance, with not all sectors having representative bodies.
Challenge 3: Skills in organisation, administration, management, public speaking and public relations, leadership, and advocacy abilities are poorly developed.
Challenge 4: No consistent curriculum implementation for fashion, design, film and music from grassroots level through full degrees. This contributes to the consequences for cultural clashes for instance in fashion design.
Challenge 5: The requirement that country based NGOs generate 90% of their income from domestic sources before they can work on rights issues is a challenge.
Challenge 6: High taxation for equipment needed for cultural production (eg audio-visual equipment) as these are not luxury items.
Challenge 7: The freshhold to obtain a licence (event, gallery, film….) is hight and doesn’t give acces to self-tauch artitsts/curator who could otherwise be very dynamic. The length of the process to obetain a licence is also a impediment to the dynamic

Solutions found or envisaged:

Solution 1: Training and capacity building to address all challenges above.
Solution 2: Creating platforms to bring divergent organisations to cooperate or work under one umbrella and to work in partnership with government.
Solution 3: Awareness raising about the cultural sectors and cultural industries and their role in development.
Solution 4: Implement and support relevant arts and culture education and training from basic education levels to tertiary levels to develop an appreciation of all cultures (traditional, contemporary and foreign) and training in the practice of these cult
Solution 5: To support the envisaged Arts Council to contribute to seeking solutions to the challenges mentioned here.
Solution 6: To reduce and minimize the high taxes on equipment (not produced in Ethiopia) needed for the production of cultural goods and services.
Solution 7: To remove the need of special licencing for cultural events, products and businesses.

Activities planned for next 4 years to implement the Convention:

Activity 1: Civil Society to engage fully in the planning of the proposed Arts Council., Activity 2: Create a Copyright management association with the support of the governamant., Activity 3: The soon to be established Design Association plans to implement design hubs to research and understand cultural and traditional aspects of a resource and pay attention to artistic creation, production, dissemination and consumption of design, Activity 4: The project is to develop that festival in an African Art for All, then International Art for all Festival, not only in Addis but in regions as well.

Achievements and Challenges

Describe main results achieved in implementing the Convention:

Many aspects of the Convention have been implemented as shown in this report. However, implementing the Convention in its entirety would result in a formidable transformation in Ethiopia`s cultural sector and international cooperation. It will also serve as a benchmark for future engagements and development in the development of the diversity of cultural expression.

Challenges encountered or foreseen to implement the Convention :

Introducing the Convention and creating a common understanding among various parties who are prominent in the implementation has remained a challenge.

There is a lack of data, absence of statistics and documented good practices.

Poor coordination of efforts (between government and civil society, or between divergent civil society associations, or between different departments of government) exerted here and there becomes a sobering challenge to gear towards the common good.

The lack of Amharic (and other local language) versions of the Convention (or a good summary) has provided difficulties in ensuring awareness and common understanding of this document.

Solutions found or envisaged to overcome those challenges:

To use media, trainings, workshops, public forums etc. to achieve greater awareness of the possibilities and opportunities provided by the Convention.

To use data, good practice and statistics to pinpoint achievements and opportunities for the cultural sector.

To support the civil society, private interprises, associations to become more representative and to speak with a common voice.

To develop a summary version in Amharic (and other local languages) for use in seminars, workshops and public meetings.

Collect data and evaluations regularly for feedback to the stakeholders (government – different civil society, private sector)

Steps planned for the next 4 years:

1- To ensure implementation of the Memorandum of Agreement between Ministry of Culture and Tourism and civil society.

2- To maximaise media coverage, trainings, workshops, public forums etc. to achieve greater awareness of the possibilities and opportunities provided by the Convention.

3- Increase international cooperation thorough developing bilateral and multilateral agreements, supporting the mobility of artists, hosting of international events and forums.

4- Lift the contribution of culture in sustainable development by ensuring its implementation in the Growth and Transformation Development Plan II.

5- Work with UNESCO office of the Addis Ababa branch to achieve these steps.

6- Provide capacity building in multiple aspects for artists and cultural practitioners especially in the area of performance, finance, logistics, leadership and advocacy.

Name of the designated official signing the report

Title:

Family Name:

Gebrezgi

Nombre:

Meaza Gebremedhen

Position:

State Minister