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Girl Power shows that, early in the epidemic (before 1995), more highly educated women were more vulnerable to HIV than women who were less well educated. The most likely reason is that more highly educated people had better economic prospects, which influenced their lifestyle choices such as mobility and number of sexual partners. At that stage, there was also a general information vacuum about HIV and AIDS in Africa.However, as the epidemic has evolved, the relationship between girls' education and HIV has also changed. …
On 1 January 2006, the world will wake up to a deadline missed. The Millennium Development Goal - gender parity in primary and secondary education by 2005 - will remain unmet. What is particularly disheartening is that this was a realistic deadline and a reachable goal. The tragedy of this failure is that an unthinkable number of children, the majority of whom are girls, have been abandoned to a bleak future.The GAP report, a multimedia project, is more than a wake-up call. …
For several months in 2003, the Secretary General's Task Force on Women, Girls and HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa engaged in intensive on-the-ground consultations in the nine countries in the sub-region with the highest HIV prevalence rates - Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe. …
Growing evidence shows that getting and keeping young people in school, particularly girls, dramatically lowers their vulnerability to HIV. By itself, merely attending primary school makes young people significantly less likely to contract HIV. When young people stay in school through the secondary level, education's protective effect against HIV is even more pronounced. …
The importance of designing and implementing successful targeted interventions for sex workers as part of HIV prevention and control cannot be over-emphasised. In almost every country, sex workers comprise a focal point of the epidemic. They are the victims of discrimination, often violently intense, trafficking, legal persecution and societal ambivalence as well as one of the first occupational groups to become heavily infected. The infection passes from sex workers back to their clients and into the general population of women, men and children. One of the clearest public health lessons emerging from the HIV pandemic is that protecting the human rights of sex workers is an important means of prevention.
This booklet deals with various aspects of gender-based violence (domestic violence, sexual abuse, legislation and policies etc.) as seen by female journalists.
Ce document donne des orientations en matière de conseil et de dépistage volontaire du VIH. D'abord, il donne un aperçu de l'ampleur du problème de la transmission mère-enfant. Ensuite, il revient sur les avantages des services de conseil et de dépistage volontaire du VIH dans le contexte de la grossesse, puis traite du contenu des services de conseil. Enfin, il examine les questions d'ordre opérationnel et les difficultés potentielles liées à la mise en place et à la conduite de ce type de services.
Since the International Conference on Population and Development (
This paper suggests a simple model for the relationships between poverty, schooling and gender inequality. It argues that poverty at both national and household levels is associated with an under-enrolment of school age children, but that the gendered outcomes of such under enrolment are the product of cultural practice, rather than poverty per se. Using detailed case study material from two African countries, evidence is presented to show the variety and extent of adverse cultural practice which impede the attendance and performance of girls at school, relative to boys. …
This article discusses studies conducted on women and AIDS. It suggest that women are more vulnerable to HIV/AIDS infection than men are and points out all the contributing factors. This includes educational; biological; economic, cultural and legal.
This paper summarises research findings that male sexual aggression against girls is endemic and institutionalized in Zimbabwe. Specifically, findings suggest that adolescent peer group culture in schools encourage students to conform to stereotypical behaviours that make girls vulnerable to sexual abuse. It concludes with a list of strategies for implementation and at schools within communities.
This UNESCO guide is a collection of examples of "best practices" in HIV/AIDS preventive education for African women especially the illiterate and the semi-literate. It is the result of contributions from some twenty coordinators of African women's grassroots organisations, specialists and national and international experts involved in HIV/AIDS preventive education.
