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Background: Adolescent pregnancy, occurring in girls aged 10–19 years, remains a serious health and social problem worldwide, and has been associated with numerous risk factors evident in the young people’s family, peer, school, and neighbourhood contexts. Objective: To assess the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy and associated factors in the South African context, as part of a population-based household survey that formed part of an evaluation of the impact of loveLife, South Africa’s national HIV prevention campaign for young people. …
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HIV infection, HIV risk factors, and exposure to national HIV prevention programs, and to identify factors associated with HIV infection among South African youth, aged 15–24 years. Design: A cross-sectional, nationally representative, household survey. Methods: From March to August 2003 we conducted a national survey of HIV prevalence and sexual behavior among 11 904 15–24 year olds. Multivariable models for HIV infection were restricted to sexually experienced youth. …
Uganda’s HIV success story has become increasingly focused around the idea of ‘ABC’ (Abstain, Be faithful or use Condoms). During the George W. Bush administration, the US Government has promoted one specific ABC model for its development agencies, with a particular emphasis on abstinence. Yet other actors have contested this view. To understand Uganda’s success, it is imperative to look at what ABC was in Uganda when critical changes in behaviour were occurring. …
The Third South African National HIV Communication Survey (NCS) was jointly conducted by Johns Hopkins Health and Education in South Africa (JHHESA), loveLife and Soul City, with funding from PEPFAR through USAID. The survey was managed by Health and Development Africa and field work was conducted by Freshly Ground Insights. Data analysis was jointly conducted by Health and Development Africa and Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Communication Programs. …
This study investigated the relationship between economic status, education and risky sexual behavior for urban Botswana women. The data used are a nationally representative sample from the Botswana AIDS Impact Survey conducted in 2004. An un-weighted sample of 2215 women aged 15-49, who have had sexual intercourse was considered for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses are used to gain insights into the potential linkages between economic status, education and risky sexual behavior. …
Three overarching goals form the basis of the National Strategic Plan 2013-2018. These are: To reduce the incidence of HIV infections in Trinidad and Tobago; To mitigate the negative impact of HIV and AIDS on persons living with HIV and affected by HIV and AIDS in Trinidad and Tobago; To reduce HIV and AIDS related discrimination in Trinidad and Tobago.
The overall purpose of the research was to evaluate My Future is My Choice (MFMC), a national peer education HIV prevention life skills programme in Namibia, and to provide recommendations for programme improvement and strengthening. An official extra-curricular life skills program of the Ministry of Education at secondary and combined schools, the MFMC programme seeks to protect young people from HIV infection and sexually transmitted diseases as well as prevent unintended pregnancies.
This paper focuses on a review of studies assessing the effectiveness of sex education programmes in reducing risky sexual behaviour among adolescents and young people. The paper concludes that sex education programmes that are based on a comprehensive curriculum can delay the onset of sexual activity among adolescents and young people, reduce the frequency of intercourse, reduce the frequency of unprotected sex, reduce the number of sexual partners, and increase condom and contraceptive use. …
There is inadequate information on the burden of HIV infection, and on the prevalence of the risk factors for HIV transmission among University students in Uganda. Routine sources of data such as HIV surveillance and national population-based AIDS Indicator surveys do not provide information on institutional populations such as University students. Moreover, these sub-populations require interventions to address the risk factors that expose them to HIV infection in their unique settings. …
Universities and institutions of higher learning in general consist mainly of young people in the 17-24 year old category, most of whom are sexually active, and therefore most vulnerable to HIV infection. And though studies such as KAIS (2007) and KDHS (2003, 2008) have been conducted on the general Kenyan population, studies specific to institutions of higher learning are scanty, in particular, sero-prevalence data on this target group is lacking. …
While the HIV epidemic is levelling off in sub-Saharan Africa, it remains at an unacceptably high level. Young people aged 15-24 years remain particularly vulnerable, resulting in a regional HIV prevalence of 1.4% in young men and 3.3% in young women. This study assesses the effectiveness of a peer-led HIV prevention intervention in secondary schools in Rwanda on young people’s sexual behavior, HIV knowledge and attitudes. In a non-randomized longitudinal controlled trial, fourteen schools were selected in two neighboring districts in Rwanda Bugesera (intervention) and Rwamagana (control). …
Notions of ideal manhood in South Africa are potentially prescriptive of male sexuality thus accounting for the behaviors which may lead to men being at greater HIV risk. We tested the hypothesis that gender and relationship constructs are associated with condom use among young men living in rural South Africa. 1219 men aged 15–26 years completed a cross-sectional baseline survey from an IsiXhosa questionnaire asking about sexual behaviour and relationships. …
Objectives: To describe the sexual and reproductive behaviour of adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly 15- to 19-year-olds. Methods: Using DHS/AIS data (2000–2010), nine indicators of adolescent behaviour and one of adult attitudes towards condom education for adolescents were described for 24 countries. Indicators were disaggregated by gender, urban/rural residency and educational status, and time trends were described. Results: Up to 25% of 15- to 19-year-olds reported sex before age 15; this proportion shrank over time in many countries. …
In line with the National Strategic Plan on HIV 2011-2015, the goal of the Prevention Strategy is to: Provide strategic guidance for implementing the HIV prevention and behaviour change programmes and to increase the effectiveness, coordination and comprehensiveness of HIV prevention and behaviour change interventions in Sierra Leone by 2015. The key objectives of the Strategy are to: i. Reduce the sexual transmission of HIV; ii. Increase the number of people accessing HCT services; iii. …
In line with the National Strategic Plan on HIV 2011-2015, the goal of the BCC and Advocacy strategy is: To increase the effectiveness, coordination and comprehensiveness of BCC and advocacy interventions on HIV in Sierra Leone by 2015. …
