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With the global AIDS response becoming increasingly hampered by the criminalization of key populations, this study aims to encourage and assist parliamentary scrutiny of legislation that impedes effective HIV interventions. It highlights the various processes in selected parliaments that led to the adoption of laws with a positive impact on the AIDS response. Although such outcomes were not always easy to achieve, they were mainly the result of inspired leadership by parliamentarians able to overcome the moral obstacles that had stifled socially sensitive issues in political debate.
Project RER/H37 Drug Abuse and HIV/AIDS Prevention through Mass Media, NGOs and Civil Society (2004-2007) aimed to mobilize the efforts of governments, the media, and civil society organizations to produce an expanded and concerted response to drug abuse and HIV/AIDS prevention and care in Central Asia. …
Since 30 September 2013, Belgium has a HIV Plan providing a commonly agreed framework for action against HIV/AIDS. The purposes of the Plan are: To reduce new cases of HIV infections while promoting the conditions for healthy and responsible sexuality; To encourage access to specialised HIV services and programmes for prevention, screening, care and quality support, within the framework of universal access to healthcare; To reduce all forms of stigma and discrimination, particularly those based on serostatus or health. …
This publication provides a background in the risks faced by populations especially vulnerable to HIV and AIDS. The document outlines strategies effective in prevention of HIV and AIDS among sex workers, men who have sex with other men, and injecting drug users. Programs described include peer education, comprehensive health services and quality of treatment, provider referral networks, and in-service training and sensitization.
This toolkit has been adapted from Understanding and challenging HIV stigma: toolkit for action. Module H: MSM and stigma,1 which was developed by and for African trainers, and has been used extensively around the continent to support HIV stigma reduction programmes. This version has been designed to use in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, and includes adapted exercises and stories that are more relevant to this context. …
Regardless of their diversity in culture, economic conditions and social and political structures, developing countries share a set of common and well defined goals. The introduction of Life skills education at both basic and tertiary education was meant among other things to improve all aspects of the quality education, ensuring equitable access to appropriate learning and facilitating Education for All (EFA) and Millennium Development Goals (MDG) initiatives. …
This report provides an overview of the HIV epidemics in eastern and southern Africa and of the region’s response and progress towards meeting the 2011 Political Declaration targets, while identifying noteworthy achievements and challenges. The report draws on the most recently available data from the Global AIDS Response Reporting System, national HIV estimation exercises, data gathered and generated by UNAIDS, its co-sponsors and national partners, and the many recent studies and surveys that have been conducted in the region. …
Au Togo, comme la plupart des pays en Afrique subsaharienne, plusieurs études et enquêtes ont été réalisées afin de documenter plusieurs aspects de l’épidémie du VIH/SIDA (étude de séroprévalence, études comportementales, études portant sur les aspects médicaux et sur les résistances). Ces études ne sont pas toujours accessibles pour les acteurs et institutions engagés dans la lutte contre le SIDA et encore moins pour le grand public. …
The objective of the study was to examine the effect of methadone maintenance treatement on mortality in people who inject opiods and who also recieve ART for the treatment of HIV in China. The study took place between December 3, 2002 and December 31, 2011. Mortality, disease and treatment characteristics were compared in patients who received either ART and MMT or only ART. Overall, mortaliy 6 months after starting ART was lwer with ART and MMT than with only ART. …
This article is about the national methadone project launched in the United Republic of Tanzania -- the first mainland sub-Saharan country to launch such a program -- as part of a battle to fight heroin addiction and HIV infection. Heroin users contribute to the HIV pandemic in Tanzania by needle sharing, therefore, the idea behind the methadone project is to safely ween heroin users off of the drug. The program is funded by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, as a response to Tanzania's growing epidemic of people who inject drugs. …
Background: Belarus has a focused HIV epidemic concentrated among injecting drug users, female sex workers and men who have sex with men. However, until 2008, Belarus had no way of evaluating HIV spending priorities. In 2008, Belarus committed to undertaking a comprehensive National AIDS Spending Assessment (NASA) in order to analyze HIV spending priorities. NASA was used to ‘follow the money’ from the funding sources to agents and providers, and eventually to beneficiary populations. …
Peer education for HIV prevention has been widely implemented in developing countries, yet the effectiveness of this intervention has not been systematically evaluated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of peer education interventions in developing countries published between January 1990 and November 2006. Standardized methods of searching and data abstraction were utilized. Merged effect sizes were calculated using random effects models. Thirty studies were identified. …
In recent years, UNICEF has worked together with national and local authorities and civil society partners in a number of countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia to develop and implement HIV prevention programmes intended to reduce risks and vul¬nerabilities among most-at-risk adolescents (MARA.) This docu¬ment presents programming experiences from seven countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia and Ukraine. …
This publication describes three German-supported initiatives in Africa (specifically in Guinea, Mozambique and Tanzania) and one in Latin America (a six-country regional initiative). All integrate sexual health and HIV prevention within school systems. The three African initiatives operate within generalized epidemics driven largely by unprotected sex between men and women. In Latin America general prevalence in the countries described here is well below one percent, and much less among young people. …
This publication addresses research questions related to an increase in the levels of access and utilization for four key interventions that have the potential to significantly reduce HIV infections among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) and their sexual and injecting partners, and hence morbidity and mortality in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). These interventions are drawn from nine consensus interventions that comprise a 'comprehensive package' for PWID. …
