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The authors conducted a process evaluation of the 10-fold scale-up of an evaluated youth-friendly services intervention in Mwanza Region, Tanzania, in order to identify key facilitating and inhibitory factors from both user and provider perspectives. The intervention was scaled up in two training rounds lasting 6 and 10 months. …
The current paper was commissioned by UNICEF and its partners (UNFPA, UNESCO, UNAIDS) to provide advice to the AIDS Commission in Asia on policy options on how to respond to HIV/AIDS among young people, in response to a 'Policy Options Workshop' which was held in Bangkok on 4-6 January 2007. This paper aims to provide guidance to policy makers on how to respond to the HIV prevention needs of young people in Asia. In particular, it aims to set priorities for action, aimed at preventing major HIV epidemics from occurring or limiting the scope or impact of current HIV epidemics in the region.
This study on HIV/AIDS-education programs was conducted with the Uganda Ministry of Education and Sports in a national sample of 76 secondary schools in Uganda. Participants included secondary students (N = 883) who critiqued their formal and informal school curricula and offered youth perspectives regarding what teaching mediums and programs of HIV/AIDS prevention are most effective. Results indicated that HIV/AIDS education is not taught in their respective school curricula. …
Around the world youth often do not have access to basic sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information, skills in negotiating sexual relationships and access to affordable confidential SRH services. They lack proper knowledge about their own or their partners' sexuality, communicate very little about sex in their relationships, and believe in numerous sexual myths. In Bangladesh, youth aged 15-24 years represent approximately one-sixth (23 million) of the total population. …
In 2007, an estimated total of 2 million children were living with HIV - eight times more than in 1990 - while both new infections and deaths among children have grown three-fold globally since 1990. Around 90% of these children live in sub-Saharan Africa, where 12.1 million children are estimated to have lost one or both parents to AIDS. This plenary presentation argues that children and families have been severely neglected in responses to HIV and AIDS. …
This review studies a total of 33 policies and policy-related plans, strategies, and guidelines were reviewed for the Mainland and 14 for Zanzibar. …
Findings gives snapshots of current research and debate in key areas of health communication and development. Findings aim to inform development practitioners and policy makers and to stimulate critical reflection. This issue is a study of situation of very young children (0-9). Around one third are orphaned due to AIDS. Initiatives to prevent mother to child transmission are showing some success. In programming there is an overt focus on orphans and vulnerable children and on preventing mother to child transmission. …
This document is a review of the scientic evidence and practice experience in providing what has come to be called psychosocial programming and support for children infected with and affected by HIV, and their caregivers. A great deal of attention is currently focused on psychosocial support programmes for children living in communities affected by HIV/AIDS. Efforts to promote the psychosocial well-being of vulnerable children require conditions and assistance that go beyond psychosocial support programmes. …
Preventing HIV among young people is particularly urgent in Sub-Saharan Africa, where in many countries young people comprise more than 30 percent of the population and general HIV prevalence rates often exceed 10 percent. Reaching vulnerable young people is important, but few services have been developed to help young people in developing countries who are at increased vulnerability to HIV/AIDS as a result of risk practice or exposure. …
These Guidelines aim to provide up-to-date, evidence based, practical information and knowledge designed to help health service providers to make informed decisions on the management of HIV and AIDS in children and to gain basic knowledge about HIV and AIDS in the pediatric age group. The guidelines are mainly based on algorithms with annotations and reflect international best practice. …
This National Plan of Action has been developed with broad input from government, civil society, including NGOs and children, and international development partners. It draws on the recommendations and lessons learned from the Situation and Response Assessment and the mapping of OVC impact mitigation services that were developed in the first half of 2007. …
The goal of OVC services in an effort to improve the general wellbeing of OVC. The objectives of the OVC Standard Service Delivery Guidelines include: To provide key OVC stakeholders with Standard Service Delivery Guidelines and an 1. implementation guide; To harmonize OVC service delivery thereby increasing access to and quality of care and 2. support; and to contribute to an OVC data management system for OVC issues. The OVC Standard Service Delivery Guidelines document has three parts. The first part deals with the background, guiding principles, and implementation at different levels. …
This mapping exercise was conducted because impact mitigation, and particularly support to orphans and vulnerable children (OVC), is seen as one of the "unfinished agendas" for the country and a top priority in the HIV and AIDS response. It has been conducted alongside a Situation and Response Assessment and estimate of the OVC population, so that together they can be used to analyse coverage and identify geographical and programmatic gaps and priority areas. …
This report was commissioned by the National Orphans and Vulnerable Children Multisectoral Task Force (NOVCTF) as a background study to inform the development of a Multisectoral National Plan of Action. The Task Force priorities for 2007 were to conduct a national assessment of responses to mitigate the impact of HIV and AIDS on children and develop and implement a national plan to guide efforts to mitigate the impact of the HIV epidemic on children. …
Children have the right to participate in the implementation of national policies for children, and their participation adds value to the policy implementation process. As a result, enabling and enhancing child participation in national policies is an important aim of communication for development. However, a significant challenge to facilitating child participation in policy implementation is how to communicate policy details to children of varying capacities. …
