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Using data from the Demographic and Health Survey, this article analyses the relationship between HIV status and the socio‐economic and demographic characteristics of adults in Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland and Zimbabwe. It constructs the risk profile of the average adult, computes the values of age, education and wealth where the estimated probability of infection assumes its highest value, and determines the percentage of adults for whom these three factors are positively correlated with that probability. …
A guide to indicators for monitoring and evaluating national HIV/AIDS prevention programmes for young people has been developed in collaboration with UNAIDS cosponsors and a wide range of other partners to provide an overview of core indicators that should be used at national level to monitor and evaluate programmes directed to HIV prevention among young people. …
The main objective of the HIV and AIDS Public Expenditure Review (PER) 2011 is to assess expenditures on HIV and AIDS activities by the public and private sectors in Tanzania. This includes an identification of gaps and recommendations on measures for ensuring a more effective contribution to the National Multisectoral Strategic Framework 2008–2012 (NMSF) and ways to enhance and explore public and private sector contributions to the HIV and AIDS response.
The purpose of this study is to refine the analysis of the fiscal burden of HIV/AIDS on national governments and assess the fiscal risks associated with scaling-up national HIV/AIDS responses. The study complements and contributes to the agenda on identifying and creating fiscal space for HIV/AIDS and other development expenditures. The findings from this study, and the analytical tools developed in it, could help governments in defining policy objectives, improving fiscal planning, and conducting their dialogue with donor agencies. …
This issues brief presents African sourced solutions to reduce external dependency in the HIV response, including: -Strengthening African ownership of development investments through utilizing more diversified funding sources; -Creating an African Medicines Regulatory Agency for faster roll out of drugs and stronger quality assurance; and -Catalysing local production of medicines in partnership with the BRICS group of countries and other emerging economies. Now is the perfect time to address these issues. …
This report presents the most comprehensive compilation to date of sex-disaggregated statistics on children and young people in the developing world. It examines a selection of indicators that are currently available to measure well-being and assess children's rights. During the past decade, an unprecedented amount of internationally comparable household survey data has become available for a broad range of indicators covering many countries. This wealth of new information has been analyzed to provide global, regional and country estimates on a wide variety of issues. …
The Resource Needs Model (RNM) is an Excel-based tool used to calculate the total resources needed at national and decentralized levels for HIV-related prevention and care, as well as support for orphans and vulnerable children. The RNM can help inform national- and district-level budgeting and strategic planning efforts; it estimates: the resources needed for interventions that aim to achieve expected coverage of a particular population using default unit costs; and resource implications of extending interventions and coverage and introducing unit cost changes.
Worldwide, millions of children are affected and made vulnerable by HIV and AIDS. Despite continued treatmentand prevention efforts, the number of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) worldwide will likely increase, emphasizing theimportance of understanding the costs of OVC interventions. …
The AIDS Impact Model (AIM) is a component of the Spectrum System of Policy Models. It is used to project thefuture number of HIV infections, AIDS cases, and AIDS deaths, given assumptions about adult HIV prevalence, as well as the demographic and social impacts of HIV.
The USAID Health Policy Initiative, Task Order 1,developed several HIV modeling tools that can be used for various HIV and AIDS policy development andimplementation exercises. The tools are user-friendly Excel- or Windows-based models that can be used to help in-country partners understand the magnitude of health challenges,explore policy and resource options, and set priorities. The HIV modeling tools are designed to answer many questions, including "what if" questions related to resources, healthcare providers and services, and service coverage. …
The HIV/AIDS Strategic Information Framework is intended as a tool to support policymakers and key officials at the national and provincial levels. Application of this framework is meant to: Support monitoring of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in China; Guide the collection of strategic information from multiple sources; Help identify gaps in currently available information and how to fill them; Strengthen the evidence base for effective HIV/AIDS policies; Permit the evaluation of efforts to scale up HIV/AIDS programmes; and Ensure accountability in the use of resources. …
The purpose of this document is to inform the development of appropriate responses for children affected by HIV and AIDS. It builds on the principles and approaches from the 2004 Framework for the Protection, Care and Support of Orphans and Vulnerable Children Living in a World with HIV and AIDS, bringing in new evidence from academic analysis and programmatic experience, and translating evidence into normative guidance for policymakers and programmers. …
This report represents a baseline for knowledge, attitude and practice of sexual and reproductive health indicators in the adolescent girls of two target districts of Gujranwala and Sanghar and to assess the demand for reliable Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) knowledge and services.
This paper outlines three important pillars of an AIDS and MDGs approach: 1. Understanding how AIDS and the other MDGs impact on one another; 2. Documenting and exchanging lessons learned across AIDS and other MDGs; and 3. Creating cross-MDG synergy and increasing cost-effectiveness through intervention strategies that simultaneously address AIDS together with other MDGs. The paper proposes broader policy level implications to move the AIDS and MDGs approach forward. These recommendations include: 1. Map the HIV epidemic in relation to the broader MDG and development context. 2. …
This booklet was the result of collaboration among staff of the National AIDS Control Committee, Central Technical Group (CNLS/GTC); the USAID Health Policy Initiative, Task Order 1; and the Joint United Nations Programme on AIDS (UNAIDS). This booklet was prepared with estimates and projections generated by CNLS/GTC staff, using the AIDS Impact Model.