Publishing

Policies are based on management and services improvement, resources reasonable allocation, resources sharing, and they are the key policies behind social services. Enhancing the quality of life and improving the cultural standards of its residents are core concepts of the policies of the Macao SAR Government. The social consensus is for residents to enhance their knowledge, refine their wisdom and purify their minds through reading. In order to fulfill these ideals, the Macao SAR Government has strived to establish a management system, from the libraries to museums, connecting bigger and smaller service centers, with more and less resources. There are two levels of service standards: one, to meet the local inhabitant’s demands; and two, be on a par with the services’ level of the world’s most advanced cities. According to the inhabitants’ demands, the Government has made the best use of many facilities, by exploring their potential and diverse nature.

For the purpose of enhancing the dissemination and sales of cultural goods, the Ministries of Culture and Commerce, the State Administration of Radio Film and Television and the General Administration of Press and Publication have organized and deeply engaged with the China (Shenzhen) International Cultural Industry Fair (hereinafter referred to as the “Cultural Fair”). For a more international Cultural Fair, the hosting parties have invited world famous enterprises such as Germany's Bertelsmann and creative enterprises from UK to participate and establish a platform for cooperation between enterprises at home and abroad.

In order to push forward international trade in Chinese books, the General Administration of Press and Publication has implemented the “Plan for International Popularization of Chinese Books”; so far 1,496 book titles have been published in foreign countries. For better access to mainstream foreign marketing channels, the General Administration of Press and Publication launched in 2010 the “Project for the Expansion of International Marketing Channels of Chinese Publications”. In recent years, besides arranging the presence of Chinese publishers as main guest country at international book fairs in Moscow, Seoul, Frankfurt, Thessaloniki, and Cairo, China has also hosted and participated in over 40 international book fairs of various types annually. Among them the Beijing International Book Fair has been listed as one of the four largest in the world.

With support via the above policies, China’s publishing industry is now enjoying good international trade momentum. Firstly, the trade deficit in copyright trading continues to narrow. Copyright exports in 2009 were up 275% over 2005; the copyright import/export ratio has shifted from 7.2:1 to 2.9:1; and in addition the breakdown of copyright exports has been continuously optimized. Secondly, export momentum is strong for digital publications. From 2006 to 2010, Chinese domestically-developed online games have emerged in the foreign market; their export volume exceeded 200 million USD in 2010. For its part, income from foreign downloads in periodical databases was nearly ten million USD and foreign sales of electronic books totaled 50 million Yuan.

Establishment of the electronic library "Culture of Ukraine" at the National Parliamentary Library of Ukraine contributes to the integration of cultures into the European and global information space. Today, the Digital Library hosts 3476 copies of publications (full texts). Four collections of the electronic library are being formed:

• history of culture, theory of culture, cultural studies;
• arts (architecture, sculpture, painting, drawing, arts and crafts, folk arts and crafts, music, dance, choreography, theater, circus, stage, spectacular art, cinema, photography);
• ethnography (peoples of Ukraine, immovable culture, spiritual culture);
• cultural institutions (libraries, museums, archives, cultural and artistic educational institutions, foundations, societies, associations, Ukrainian cultural centers abroad).

Also on the basis of individual agreements and memorandum between the Boris Yeltsin Presidential Library (Russia) and the National Library of the Republic of Kazakhstan a number of archival and electronic documents were passed to the digital collections "Culture ofUkraine" of the National Parliamentary Library of Ukraine.

Access to cultural values is guaranteed to all the citizens for using documents belonging to the National Archival Fund of Ukraine, library funds belonging to the State Library Fund of Ukraine as well as becoming acquainted with the museum collections belonging to the Museum of the State Fund of Ukraine. Today library facilities of Ukraine have sustainable literature collections in Russian, Polish, Romanian, Hungarian, Jewish, Crimean Tatar, Moldavian, Slovak and other languages of the national minorities living on the territory of Ukraine.

In order to create and develop e-library "Culture of Ukraine" the National Parliamentary Library actively use international cooperation and participate in various international projects. Thus, the library has established cooperation with the World Digital Library (WDL) and takes part in such projects for electronic resources as "Territory of Russia" (Boris Yeltsin Presidential Library, Russia) and "Golden Collection of Eurasia" (Library Assembly of Eurasia). Today electronic documents of the National Parliamentary Library are available on the website of the World Digital Library (Electronic Document 67 ), the site of the Boris Y eltsin Presidential Library (Electronic Document 131) and included to "The Golden Collection of Eurasia" (76 electronic documents).

In order to encourage linguistic diversity and minority rights in Ukraine, the Ministry of Culture, as co-founder, provides financial support for newspapers in the languages of national minorities: Bulgarian "Roden Krai" (Odessa), Armenian "Aragats" (Kyiv), Jewish "Jewish news" (Kyiv), Crimean Tatar "Voice of the Crimea" (Simferopol), Polish "Dzyennik Kiyovski" (Kyiv) and the Roma'nian "Concordia" (Chernivtsi).In order to encourage linguistic diversity and minority rights in Ukraine, the Ministry of Culture, as co-founder, provides financial support for newspapers in
the languages of national minorities: Bulgarian "Roden Krai" (Odessa), Arme~ian "Aragats" (Kyiv), Jewish "Jewish news" (Kyiv), Crimean Tatar "Voice of the Crimea" (Simferopol), Polish "Dzyennik Kiyovski" (Kyiv) and the Roma'nian "Concordia" (Chernivtsi).

In the area of the institutional promotion of professional art and library culture, the Ministry ensures the performance of state administration in compliance with the generally binding legal regulations and international conventions in the sector of art and participates in creating conditions for the development and presentation of culture in all areas of professional art and library culture.

Currently, 14 organizations in the area of professional art and library culture are fully funded from and receive contributions from the State Budget in the competence of the Ministry as promoter (theatres, musical ensembles and information-documentation centres with national competence as a rule). They include: Bibiana – international house of art for children, the Slovak National Theatre, the Nová scéna Theatre, the Košice State Theatre, the Banská Bystrica State Opera House, the Slovak Philharmonic Orchestra, the Košice State Philharmonic Orchestra, the Žilina State Chamber Orchestra, the Theatre Institute, the Literary Information Centre, the Musical Centre, the Slovak Centre of Design, the Lúčnica art ensemble and the Slovenský ľudový umelecký kolektív (SĽUK) (Slovak Folk Art Ensemble). Each of the aforementioned institutions has its specific professional mission and at the same time provides cultural services to a wide circle of interested parties regardless of age, social status, political affiliation and faith, and including disadvantaged groups of the population (elderly citizens, children and youth, the disabled).

The aforementioned institutions in the field of art were founded pursuant to Act No. 523/2004 Coll. on the State Administration Budget Rules and on amendments and supplements to certain Acts as amended; some were founded directly by the law (for example Act No. 385/1997 Coll. Act on the Slovak National Theatre; Act No. 114/2000 Coll. Act on the Slovak Philharmonic Orchestra). Each conducts its activities in compliance with its deed of incorporation within the intentions of the law. Their financing is ensured in the form of contracts.

The goal of this Programme is increase the number of citizens who read regularly in order to
develop personalities that are creative, critically thinking, and active members of society. The
Prograrnme encourages people of different ages and social groups to engage in reading by
improving their reading skilIs and raising the prestige of reading. The Reading Promotion 
Programme officially ended in 2011 but some of its activities, which have become traditional
events in Lithuania, will be continued (for example, the 'Book of the Year' competition).
Reading is being promoted through the following activities:
• Prize for teachers for promoting children literature and reading. This prize is given to one
teacher each year;
• 'Book of the Year' competition. This competition is one of the most popular activities of
the Programme and has become an important annual culturai event in Lithuania. Books
are usually nominated in three categories (children, teenagers and adult literature) and the
best book is chosen by the public;
• Reading promotion web site www.skaitymometai.lt;
• Meetings with authors;
• Readings in unconventional spaces;
• Initiatives to encourage children to read during the surnmer;
• The year 2008 was announced as the Year of Reading in Lithuania.
The Ministry of Culture and Ministry of Education are both responsible for implementing the
Reading Promotion Programme.

The Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award is a literary prize established by the Swedish Government in 2002 in memory of one of Sweden’s most significant authors. The aim of the award is to strengthen and increase interest around the world in literature for children and young people, and to promote children’s rights. The prize money of SEK 5 million makes this the world’s biggest award for literature for children and young people, and also the second biggest literary award in the world overall. The size of the prize signals that the interest of children and young people in literature is of the greatest importance. The amount is also intended to inspire activity in the area. The prize is awarded to authors, illustrators, story-tellers and those active in efforts to promote reading. It is administered by the Swedish Arts Council.
A measure of the increased interest and attention surrounding the prize is the gradual increase in the number of nominations over the years. In 2012, 184 candidates from 66 countries were nominated for the prize, compared with 155 candidates in 2008 and 177 candidates in 2005.

а) Presentation of domestic literature in the world

The Ministry started the presentation of projects of national importance through translation of domestic literature into foreign languages. Books of Serbian writers are translated, and are mainly published by small or medium sized foreign publishing companies, specialized in certain topic or field of literature. Regarding this, interest in translation of Serbian literature has increased and our literature gained reputation and recognition on a world scale. In connection to above mentioned, there is almost no book from important Serbian writers that has not been translated into one or more foreign languages. The most of the translation was published in German, Bulgarian and Macedonian. It has been noticed that due to insufficient number of translators we are lacking translations into the following languages: Romanian, Turkish, Persian, Portuguese, Flemish, Scandinavian and Baltic languages, languages of the people of India and Far East, as well as into Russian and Belarusian. The Ministry in partnership with Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Serbia and its Association of creative industry participated in over 30 Book Fairs throughout Europe. Serbia presented itself as the guest of honor on two book fairs: Fair in Leipzig in 2011, at which Serbia was the country in focus and at Fair in Thessaloniki in 2012. Within the scope of international promotion of literature, the project “Serbian prose in translation” deserves a significant attention. It is directed to annual support to translation of five domestic pieces into English. That enables putting our literary pieces in English on Anglo-Saxon and domestic market. Also, this project provides opportunity our literary pieces to be translated in other languages. Although the program is still an emerging initiative, tendencies on the market of Anglo-Saxon publishers, who have in their catalogues 3% of translated pieces from areas of non Anglo-Saxon languages should be taken into account, and successes of selection of domestic literary works into catalogue of translated books may be considered as more than significant. International translating center in Sremski Karlovci has been founded and Museum of languages in Tršić, birth place of Vuk Karadžić, founder of Serbian Cyrillic, has been opened. Residency house for writers in Tršić has been opened, intended for the work of foreign guests, authors who have at their disposal place to work and are enabled to get to know our environment.

b) Presentation of domestic cinematography in the world

Film center of Serbia presented new Serbian production as well as film projects in progress at pavilions at festivals in Cannes and Berlin. This was an occasion for promotion filming locations in Serbia and exploring possibilities looking for possible co-producers. Through promotion of national cinematography Serbia promotes itself as a cultural environment, economic partner in the field of cinematography. "Weeks and Days of Serbian Film" were promoted worldwide. This events were mainly financed by foreign partners (relevant film institution, festival or some independent association), and partly by the Ministry.