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The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) trends report presents findings on indicators of children’s health and wellbeing between 1998 and 2014. The report is divided into three sections: health behaviours, health outcomes and contexts of children’s lives.
Background: Unintended pregnancy among adolescents represents an important public health challenge in high-income countries, as well as middle and low-income countries. Numerous prevention strategies such as health education, skills-building and improving accessibility to contraceptives have been employed by countries across the world, in an effort to address this problem. However, there is uncertainty regarding the effects of these interventions, hence the need to review the evidence-base. …
Childhood obesity undermines the physical, social and psychological well-being of children and is a known risk factor for adult obesity and noncommunicable diseases. There is an urgent need to act now to improve the health of this generation and the next. The Commission recognizes that the scope of potential policy recommendations to address childhood obesity is broad and contains a number of novel elements. …
What evidence is there for comprehensive sexuality education in lower and middle income countries? What measurable outcomes have been associated with delivering CSE? What are the most effective strategies for implementation at scale? (e.g. in relation to gender, age, content, involvement of parents, political buy-in etc.) What challenges are there to applying such approaches in policy and practice?
There is a growing body of research focused on the association between school-based physical activity, including physical education, and academic performance among school-aged youth. To better understand these connections, this review includes studies from a range of physical activity contexts, including school-based physical education, recess, classroom-based physical activity (outside of physical education and recess), and extracurricular physical activity. …
Interventions for preventing unintended pregnancy include any activity (health education or counselling only, health education plus skills-building, health education plus contraception education, contraception education and distribution, faith-based group or individual counselling designed to: increase adolescents' knowledge and attitudes relating to risk of unintended pregnancies; promote delay in initiation of sexual intercourse; encourage consistent use of birth control methods and reduce unintended pregnancies. …
Background: People who identity as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) have specific health needs. Sexual orientation and gender identity are social determinants of health, as homophobia and heteronormativity persist as prejudices in society. LGBT patients often experience discrimination and prejudice in health care settings. While recent South African policies recognise the need for providing LGBT specific health care, no curricula for teaching about LGBT health related issues exist in South African health sciences faculties. …
The National SHN Strategy aims to provide a uniform approach to agencies working in the field of health and nutrition of school children. Even after the formation of National SHN Strategy, there has not been any significant improvement in the situation of the health and education status of school children due to the lack of an integrated approach. Program duplication has also emerged as a major challenge for agencies working in this field. …
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), life skills are defined as the abilities for adaptive and positive behaviours that enable individuals to effectively deal with demands and challenges of everyday life (WHO, 1993). Life Skills Education (LSE) and Sexual Reproductive Health Education have been introduced in Malawi's schools by the Ministry of Education as an integrated initiative. …
La proliferación de trabajos biológicos sobre el proceso del VIH/Sida contrasta con el abordaje de la problemática desde la experiencia de los que lo viven. De entre los involucrados, la mujer se vio implicada desde el comienzo como una de las poblaciones de riesgo de contagiar y de enfermarse. …
This report presents the findings of a study on how communities lead the response to orphans and other vulnerable children (OVC) in different regions of Malawi - focusing on the districts of Kasungu and Lilongwe in the central region, Mulanje in the south, and Mzimba in the north. These are districts where Plan Malawi implements OVC care and support interventions. The overall goal of the study was to determine the effectiveness of support being provided by care givers to the well being of OVC made vulnerable by HIV and AIDS. …
Increasingly, HIV prevention efforts must focus on altering features of the social and physical environment to reduce risks associated with HIV acquisition and transmission. Community coalitions provide a vehicle for bringing about sustainable structural changes. This article shares lessons and key strategies regarding how three community coalitions located in Miami and Tampa, Florida, and San Juan, Puerto Rico engaged their respective communities in bringing about structural changes affecting policies, practices and programs related to HIV prevention for 12-24-year-olds. …
AIDS continues to have a devastating effect on developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The lack of a proven effective vaccine to stop HIV transmission has led to much of public policy putting an emphasis on information campaigns in order to reduce HIV-prevalence. In this paper we examine the impact of HIV/AIDS-knowledge from two sides. First, we examine to what extent the campaigns have been successful at inducing the expected behavioural change with regards to HIV-related attitudes. Second, we examine the impact of HIV/AIDS knowledge on HIV status. …
Information, education and communication are the avenues that can be used to inform people about the spread, impact and prevention of HIV/AIDS. Through the assistance of the NAC, Manus has been fortunate in the delivery of health promotion on HIV/AIDS via these different avenues and by targeting different audiences. For instance, every year the town schools participate in celebrating the World AIDS day and theatre groups perform in schools with funds allocated for by the Provincial AIDS office. …
La santé sexuelle est un aspect clé de la santé personnelle et du bien-être social qui a une influence sur les personnes toute leur vie durant. …
