The vision of the Mozambique President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) Gender-Based Violence Initiative (GBVI) is to reduce incidence of gender-based violence (GBV) and to create a social and institutional environment that protects women and girls and offers services of protection and help to survivors. A joint U.S. Government, Government of Mozambique, and civil society team led and developed the GBVI plan, which was informed by a wide stakeholder consultation held in August 2010. The key Mozambican government ministries involved in planning and implementing this initiative include the Ministry of Women and Social Action, Ministry of Health, and Ministry of the Interior. The three GBVI objectives are to (1) expand and improve coordination and effectiveness of GBV prevention efforts; (2) improve policy implementation in response to GBV; and (3) improve the availability and quality of GBV services. The GBVI supports the goals of the National Plan to Prevent and Combat Violence against Women (2008–2012) as well as the National HIV Strategy (2010–2014). In line with the principles of the PEPFAR Partnership Framework and reflected in current U.S. Government HIV activities in Mozambique, country ownership is an essential component of the GBVI plan. Approaches are designed to ensure evidence-based GBV interventions and sustainability of interventions by building local capacity, supporting country leadership, and prioritizing joint planning and management of activities by Mozambican government and local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).