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UNESCO HIV and Health Education Clearinghouse

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  1. UCT inclusivity policy for sexual orientation

    Discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation is tackled head-on by the University of Cape Townʼs (UCT) Inclusivity Policy for Sexual Orientation, which was ratified in December 2017. The policy aims to create a campus environment for staff and students that is free from discrimination in all spheres, including teaching content and language, the university’s code of conduct, and culture.

  2. Q&A on campus sexual misconduct: schools’ responsibility to address sexual misconduct

    Under Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 and its implementing regulations, an institution that receives federal funds must ensure that no student suffers a deprivation of her or his access to educational opportunities on the basis of sex. The Department of Education intends to engage in rulemaking on the topic of schools’ Title IX responsibilities concerning complaints of sexual misconduct, including peer-on-peer sexual harassment and sexual violence. The Department will solicit input from stakeholders and the public during that rulemaking process. …

  3. Situational analysis on the status of sexual and reproductive health of students and gender-based violence in technical and vocational colleges in Malawi

    UNESCO commissioned a study to conduct a situational analysis on the status of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of students and gender-based violence (GBV) in technical and vocational colleges (TVCs) in Malawi operating under the Technical, Entrepreneurship and Vocational (TEVET) system. The methodology comprised of a desk review, survey, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. …

  4. "The nail that sticks out gets hammered down": LGBT bullying and exclusion in Japanese schools

    Based on interviews with more than 50 LGBT students and former students in fourteen prefectures throughout Japan—as well as teachers, officials, and academic experts—this report documents bullying, harassment, and discrimination in Japanese schools based on sexual orientation and gender identity or expression, and the poor record of schools when it comes to appropriately responding to and preventing such incidents.

  5. Between tradition and modernity: girls’ talk about sexual relationships and violence in Kenya, Ghana and Mozambique

    This paper interrogates the influence of a tradition-modernity dichotomy on perspectives and practices on sexual violence and sexual relationships involving girls in three districts of Kenya, Ghana and Mozambique. Through deploying an analytical framework of positioning within multiple discursive sites, the authors argue that although the dichotomy misrepresents the complexity of contemporary communities, it is nonetheless deployed by girls, educational initiatives and researchers in their reflections on girls’ sexual practices and sexual violence. …

  6. When caring is not enough: The limits of teachers’ support for South African primary school-girls in the context of sexual violence

    Between 2011 and 2012, 40.1% of all sexual offences in South Africa involved children under 18. Important scholarship has demonstrated how large-scale social and economic inequalities structure African girls’ risk to and experience of sexual violence leading to a condemnation of violent masculinities and the social processes that produce it. Under conditions of chronic poverty and unstable living conditions, girls’ vulnerability to sexual violence is increased. …

  7. Discussing sexual orientation and gender in classrooms: a testimonial-based approach to fighting homophobia in schools

    To fight homophobia in schools in Québec, many teachers rely on community organizations such as the Groupe de Recherche et d’Intervention Sociale (Research and Social Intervention Group) to address sexual diversity in class. This article documents major outcomes of these workshops as seen by students. Students identified topics related to sexuality and gender inversion as controversial, especially when involving men. The authors present how GRIS leaders decided to adapt intervention practices following such findings.

  8. Eliminating discrimination against children and parents based on sexual orientation and/or gender identity

    This position paper is based on UNICEF’s mandate to promote and protect the rights of all children. UNICEF will continue working to protect all children from discrimination, including those who identify as LGBT.

  9. (Re)connaître pour mieux agir : homophobie - lesbophobie - biphobie - transphobie

    Cette brochure est à destination des professionnels et bénévoles associatifs travaillant auprès de tout(e) étudiant(e) s’interrogeant sur son orientation sexuelle et/ou son identité de genre. Elle a pour but de donner à tous les personnels des universités et établissements d’enseignement supérieur des informations, des éléments de réflexion et des possibilités d’orientation pour apporter une aide à toute personne confrontée à l’homophobie, la lesbophobie, la biphobie ou la transphobie.

  10. Gender violence in schools in the developing world

    This paper explores gender violence in schools in what is commonly known as the ‘developing world’ through a review of recent research written in English. Violence in the school setting has only recently emerged as a widespread and serious phenomenon in these countries, with the consequence that our knowledge and understanding of it is embryonic; much of it remains invisible or unrecognized. …

  11. Guidelines for supporting sexual and gender diversity in schools. Sexuality discrimination and homophobic bullying

    It is a fundamental right of every child and young person to feel safe in their school environment. Western Australian schools pride themselves on being safe and effective learning environments that cater for the diverse needs of all students, including those who are (LGBTI) lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex and other sexuality, sex and gender diverse people. Recognising LGBTI students and staff as an everyday part of the social mix of the school community is important in responding appropriately to their needs. …

  12. A Brief on school bullying on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity: LGBT-friendly Thailand?

    The analysis presented here is from a study commissioned by UNESCO Bangkok and Plan International Thailand, and conducted by Mahidol University. There has been research on school bullying in Thailand, but only anecdotal evidence on bullying specifically targetting students who are, or are perceived to be, LGBT, or mechanisms to counter it in Thai schools. This study aimed to fill this gap in evidence, and to identify policy and programme implications. It is the first systematic study on the issue in Thailand.

  13. Homophobia, sexual orientation and schools: A review and implications for action

    This review set out to examine three sets of key questions. 1. What is the extent and impact of homophobic bullying on pupils? 2. How is homophobia and sexual orientation addressed both within classrooms (issues relating to curriculum) and as part of whole school approaches? 3. To what extent and in what ways are issues of equity and diversity in relation to sexual orientation being addressed within the school workforce and what implications does this have for recruitment, retention and promotion?

  14. Bullying targeting secondary school students who are or are perceived to be transgender or same-sex attracted: types, prevalence, impact, motivation and preventive measures in five provinces of Thailand

    The objectives of the study were as follows: To gather evidence on the nature, scale and impact of bullying targeting students who are or are perceived to be same-sex attracted or transgender, attending general secondary schools in 5 provinces of Thailand; To study various aspects of the lifestyles of secondary school students that might be linked to bullying behaviours; To document the availability of existing prevention and support interventions on bullying targeting students who are or are perceived to be same-sex attracted or transgender, including accountability measures for those perpetr …

  15. Research into the needs of young people in Northern Ireland who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or transgender (LGBT)

    This research has been commissioned by the Department of Education as part of their statutory duty to promote equality of opportunity under Section 75 of the Northern Ireland Act (1998). Analysis of the Census 2001 indicates that between 2 and 10% of the population may be lesbian, gay or bisexual. This would indicated that there are between 12,190 and 60,953 LGB people under 25 years in Northern Ireland. …

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