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This study evaluated the relationship between having a history of transactional sexual relationships with condom use and STI risk. Participants completed a behavioral questionnaire and provided self-collected vaginal swabs which were tested for chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhea, and trichomonas vaginalis. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compare condom use rates and STI risk among women with a history of transactional sexual relationships to women with a history of casual sexual relationships and those with no history of casual sexual relationships. …
This study investigated how HIV/sexually transmitted infection peer education (PE) affected HIV knowledge, perceived prevention self-efficacy, and risky sexual behaviors among Turkish university students (N = 118) who were sexually active but did not use condoms. A methodological and pre-/posttest controlled study design was used, with data collected before PE, just after PE, 3 months after PE, and 6 months after PE. …
This paper presents findings of a feasibility study to adapt and evaluate the impact of an evidence-based HIV prevention intervention on sexual risk behaviors of in-school 6th grade youth in post-conflict Liberia (n = 812). The study used an attention-matched, group randomized controlled trial. Four matched pairs of elementary/middle schools in Monrovia, Liberia, were randomly assigned to either an adapted eight-module HIV prevention or a general health curriculum. Three- and nine-month impacts of the intervention on sexual risk behaviors and on mediating variables are presented. …
Young male university students who have sex with men are at high risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The authors conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors, HIV, and syphilis among male university students who have sex with men in Beijing, China; and to identify risk factors for unprotected anal intercourse (UAI). Among 157 study participants, HIV and syphilis prevalence were 2.5% and 7.0%, respectively. The authors found a high prevalence of UAI in the study population. …
This report is focused on the mobility context and its relation to HIV and AIDS. The study tried to explore and discuss context and experiences throughout the mobility continuum including sexual behavior, HIV knowledge, stigma and discrimination, violence, service availability and access. It also tried to unearth the multitude of factors that increase vulnerability among migrants and their families. This report was developed as part of the EMPHASIS project being led by CARE and supported by the Big Lottery Fund, UK.
The first cohort of trainee teachers who participated in the Teacher Training College (TTC) programme finished in August 2009. Theatre for a Change (TfaC) contracted independent consultants to carry out an impact assessment on the TTC programme to identify its strengths and weaknesses. TfaC will use this impact assessment to inform the programme’s development. This report assesses the programme’s impact by comparing the results of the baseline survey, conducted at the beginning of the programme in October 2008, with the results of the endline survey, conducted in August 2009. …
C'est dans le dessein d'apprécier les retombées des enseignements dispensés sur le VIH/SIDA dans les centres NAFA que nous avons choisi d'entreprendre la présente étude. Les principales questions sur lesquelles la recherche a porté sont celles relatives :1) - au contexte de la formation et de l'information reçue sur le VIH/SIDA ; 2) - le stade actuel des connaissances et des représentations sur la maladie ; 3)- Et les effets des enseignements reçus sur les attitudes et les comportements des filles des centres NAFA.
La présente recherche réalisée au sein des universités de Ouagadougou, de Bobo-Dioulasso et de Koudougou, analyse les perceptions, les attitudes et les pratiques des universitaires face au VIH/Sida et leur réponse en matière de lutte contre ce phénomène.
Launched on South African television in June 2008, the Scrutinize Campaign was a year-long series of HIV prevention ads targeting multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships. Irreverent and humorous, with strong, colorful visuals, the campaign's ads were markedly different from previous South African HIV prevention campaigns for youth. Rather than telling the audience what to do, the Scrutinize campaign messaging encouraged those in the audience to scrutinize their own behavior, resulting in dramatic uptake of key HIV prevention messages.
Many African MSM are surprised to discover that the sex they have with other men puts them at risk for acquiring the virus. The media and most prevention programming in the region consistently describe HIV vulnerability in terms of heterosexual risk, and many African MSM do not realize that they too are vulnerable. The few programs that do target this population face significant challenges in reaching MSM with the information and services they need. …
Situated on major drug trafficking routes that bring heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine from Mexico into the United States, Tijuana and Juarez experience high rates of local drug use and rank first and second, respectively, in prevalence of illicit drug use within the country. Sex tourism is another feature shared by Tijuana and Juarez. Both cities have 'tolerance zones' where sex work is openly practiced and, in the case of Tijuana, even regulated by the authorities
This study tested a hypothesis that sexual relationships with multiple partners in the 10- to 19-year age group spurs condom use during sex. The authors performed secondary analysis using data from the adolescent module of the cross-sectional household survey on Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) that was done in Kigoma, Kilombero, Rufiji and Ulanga districts, Tanzania in 2008. A total of 612 adolescents from a random sample of 1,200 households participated in this study. Pearson Chi-Square was used as a test of association between multiple sexual partners and condom use. …
While considerable attention has been paid to sexual behaviors among HIV high-risk populations in Africa, few studies have looked at the adolescent population. Using data from the 2004 National Survey of Adolescents in Uganda, logistic regression models were fitted to examine the odds that HIV/AIDS related knowledge and perceived risk of HIV infection are associated with condom use among adolescents. …
The authors conducted a cross-sectional study using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Participants included 38 unmarried rural men in four focus-group discussions and a representative sample of 316 similarly profiled men, ages 17-22 years. Information was collected via survey on the men's socioeconomic characteristics; awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of family planning; attitudes toward future contraceptive use; intra-family communication; knowledge about STIs/HIV/AIDS; and access and use of condoms. …
Almost 1,500 school leaders, school governors and parents of school-aged children were asked for their views on the current provision of SRE and how the topic should be delivered in future. Key findings. There was a very high level of agreement between parents, school leaders and governors about SRE provision. More than nine out of 10 parents, and approximately eight out of 10 school leaders and governors agreed that it was 'very important' for children to receive information on practising safer sex and always using contraception. …
