The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW) through the National AIDS Control Programme (NACP) has developed a National HIV and AIDS Health Sector Research and Evaluation Agenda (NHAREA) that outlines HIV and AIDS health research and evaluation priorities for the next 5 years (2011-2015). For the first time, this Agenda includes evaluation priorities aimed at objectively reviewing the different HIV interventions that are currently in place to establish those that are both efficacious and cost effective. This Agenda, apart from informing individual researchers, institutions, programmers, policy makers, and other stakeholders for key national HIV research and evaluation priorities, will assist NACP in its coordination mandate of HIV and AIDS health research and evaluation activities in the country. The aim is to ensure a coordinated and effective effort in response to the HIV epidemic.