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Infants with HIV-infection have longevity due to improved Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), making many realise their developmental progression which includes access to schooling. However, there is scant information that focuses on disclosure of their positive sero-status to schools and how these children understand and communicate their illnesses. This paper reports on a study of experiences of children affected by HIV and AIDS in Kenya. …
The aim of this document is to make a comprehensive review of early childhood health and nutrition indicators as a contribution and input to the process of devising a holistic child development index. The first part of the paper introduces the topic of child health and development from the standpoint of early childhood health and nutrition determinants and the global situation in general. …
The report sets out the status of women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health, and on health systems and social and environmental determinants. Regional dashboards on 16 key indicators highlight where progress is being made or lagging. There is progress overall, but not at the level required to achieve the 2030 goals. There are some areas where progress has stalled or is reversing, namely neonatal mortality, gender inequalities and health in humanitarian settings. …
The aim of this document is to make a comprehensive review of early childhood health and nutrition indicators as a contribution and input to the process of devising a holistic child development index. The first part of the paper introduces the topic of child health and development from the standpoint of early childhood health and nutrition determinants and the global situation in general. A conceptual framework for the indicators is developed and some operational definitions are given. …
The purpose of this guidance is to help program managers supporting preschools around the world to identify the most appropriate preschool health and nutrition interventions within their context. The guidance is primarily a reference from which program managers can draw from when designing their program. The guide starts with a background on ECCD and preschool education, health and nutrition problems of preschoolers, a recommended approach to preschool H&N;, and the information that should be collected prior to program implementation. The guide is then organized by health topic. …
The purpose of this paper is to provide an up-to-date literature review on school feeding and the potential impact on nutrition, including school age children, pre-school and adolescent girls. The review is aimed at providing evidence-based guidance to national governments on school feeding and nutrition from a lifecycle approach. The review seeks to consolidate the existing evidence, analyse what this evidence translates into in terms of programming, and understand the potential of improving nutrition through school feeding programmes globally. …
This document is the Commonwealth Charter adopted by National Human Rights Institutions and members of the Commonwealth Forum of National Human Rights Institutions (CFNHRI) attending a working session on the imperative to prevent and eliminate child, early and forced marriage, on 5-6 May 2015 in Kigali, Rwanda.
This paper describes a recent study conducted jointly by the authors in the Khomas Region of Namibia. The study developed and trialled research and documentation methods regarding very young children who had been infected or affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Because of the stigma attached to the disease, effective methods for assessing ‘real’ needs of the target population have been elusive in Namibia and elsewhere. …
The Essential Package is a comprehensive set of tools and guides for policy makers, program managers and service providers to address the unique needs and competencies of young children, particularly those affected or infected by HIV/AIDS, in an integrated and holistic way. Materials have been developed based on a comprehensive literature review of the effects of HIV and AIDS on young children and caregivers and a review of current programs and materials addressing the needs of vulnerable children, and specifically in relation to ECD.
Early diagnosis of children living with HIV is a prerequisite for accessing timely paediatric HIV care and treatment services and for optimizing treatment outcomes. Testing of HIV-exposed infants at 6 weeks and later is part of the national prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV programme in Zimbabwe, but many opportunities to test infants and children are being missed. …
This Manual is designed to be used to guide the conduct of a 6-day Trainer of Trainers workshop for approximately 20 participants. It is primarily instructor-led but may be used for self-paced learning by persons in the early childhood field. …
Le Ministère de la Solidarité Nationale, du Rapatriement, de la Reconstruction Nationale, des Droits de la Personne Humaine et du Genre a alors comme mission principale de promouvoir le bien-être de la population basé sur une solidarité sociale ou communautaire. …
Community-based organizations (CBOs) are an important model for the care of orphans and other vulnerable children whose life and development are threatened by human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and poverty. However, data are lacking on the challenges and solutions enabling successful expansion of these programs to the national level. This article presents some of the experiences encountered by Malawi in the expansion of their network of CBOs. …
This technical brief describes promising practices in critical services related to the psychological and social well-being of perinatally-infected children (aged 0 to 12 years) in Africa. These include the identification, testing, and counseling of children so that they are linked to appropriate support as early as possible, as well as the provision of ongoing PSS to help children and their families manage disclosure, stigma, and grief and bereavement processes. …
This technical brief gives an overview of critical ECD elements and existing evidence for program managers who are interested in implementing ECD programs, or incorporating ECD elements within existing programs to support OVC. The brief describes the three critical elements of ECD, summarizes key findings from program evaluations and literature on ECD, and answers commonly asked questions about developing ECD programs for OVC. …
