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The purpose of this study was to identify the ways in which urban Jamaican mothers influence their adolescent daughters' sexual beliefs and behaviors in order to incorporate them into the design of a family-based, HIV risk-reduction intervention program. Focus groups were conducted with forty-six 14- to 18-year-old adolescent girls and 30 mothers or female guardians of adolescent girls recruited from community-based organizations in and around Kingston and St. Andrew, Jamaica. Separate focus groups were held with mothers and daughters; each included 6 to 10 participants. …
The authors conducted structured interviews and focus groups to investigate reproductive health (RH) communication practices among 184 mother–daughter pairs in Ungogo, northern Nigeria. Transcripts were analyzed using the grounded theory approach. A total of 136 mothers reported discussing RH issues with their daughters. The majority of daughters acquired RH education from their mothers. Parents were more likely to discuss marriage, menstruation, courtship, premarital sex, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) than other sex education topics. …
Parental communication and support is associated with improved developmental, health and behavioral outcomes in adolescence. This study explores the quality of mother-daughter communication about sexual maturation, abstinence and unintended pregnancy in Korogocho, an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya. We use data from 14 focus group discussions (n = 124) and 25 interviews with girls aged 12-17, mothers of teenage girls, and key informant teachers. …
The aims of the study were to elicit the perceptions of young people in Tanzania on the role of fear appeals in HIV-prevention messages and to identify important contextual factors that may influence young people's perceptions of HIV-prevention posters. A total of 10 focus groups were conducted to investigate the role of fear appeals using the extended parallel process model (EPPM) as a guide. …
The vision and goals of the Reproductive Health Communication Strategy is to achieve the national reproductive health goals as articulated in the national policy that is to enhance the reproductive health status of all Kenyans by increasing equitable access to reproductive health services, improving quality, efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery at all levels and improving responsiveness to clients. The Communication Strategy seeks to realize a number of objectives at various levels; policy, institutional and programmatic. The objectives are to:- 1. …
This impact assessment study aims to examine coverage of harm reduction interventions in Vietnam among injecting drug users and female sex workers from 2004-2009 and to understand the HIV transmission dynamics in Vietnam and to estimate the extent to which harm reduction interventions among core groups have contributed towards epidemiological trends and reduced HIV transmission in Vietnam during the 2004-2009 strategy.
Globally, girls and young women are more likely to be hiV-positive than their male peers, due in large part to an array of gender inequalities that negatively impact their their mental and physical well being. The International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) and Taasisi ya Maendeleo Shirikishi Arusha (TAMASHA), in collaboration with Pact Tanzania, developed a participatory research and action project (Vitu Newala) that aimed to both understand and respond to girls’ HIV-related vulnerabilities. …
We decided to implement this project here in our province (Western Highlands Province, WHP) among 30 institutions due to the fact that there is no decrease to the spread of HIV/AIDS here. HIV/AIDS is on the rise here (PNG) amongst young people. Many young people including schooling teenagers have died of HIV/AIDS. It involves teachers as well, among many who are dying daily in the Province and the country as a whole. Another factor is that HIV/AIDS is highly spreading here in PNG especially among young people. …
Communication for Change (C-Change) works around the world to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of social and behavior change communication (SBCC) across program areas, including health, environment, economic growth and poverty alleviation, and democracy and governance. In Nigeria, C-Change supports health and HIV prevention objectives of the USAID Mission. The project is building SBCC capacity for country-driven interventions that aim to prevent new HIV infections, reduce HIV prevalence among high-risk groups, and stabilize HIV prevalence within the general population. …
Research institutions and donor organizations are giving growing attention to how research evidence is communicated to influence policy. In the area of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and HIV there is less weight given to understanding how evidence is successfully translated into practice. Policy issues in SRH can be controversial, influenced by political factors and shaped by context such as religion, ethnicity, gender and sexuality. …
This paper aims to identify with whom in-school adolescents preferred to communicate about sexuality, and to study adolescents' communication on HIV/AIDS, abstinence and condoms with parents/guardians, other adult family members, and teachers. Data were obtained from a baseline questionnaire survey carried out in South Africa (Cape Town and Mankweng) and Tanzania (Dar es Salaam) in early 2004. We analysed data for 14,944 adolescents from 80 randomly selected schools. The mean ages were as follows: CapeTown, 13.38 years (standard deviation (SD). …
This Communication Strategy provides a broad framework that will guide communication on youth and HIV and AIDS in Kenya for the next three years. It intends to address needs and gaps in communication programming identified in the areas of knowledge, skills and self-efficacy, capacity, coordination, policy support and utilisation of services. These issues were identified through a situation analysis conducted at the beginning of developing this strategy, and from consultations with stakeholders implementing HIV and AIDS programmes among the youth.
HIV prevention programming is increasingly taking place in school settings, which provide an expansive population of young people and offer immense potential for making a large and much-needed impact in the lives of this target group. The Presidential Initiative on AIDS Strategy for Communication to Youth (PIASCY) is an ambitious, school-based programme that has sought to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Uganda in a holistic manner since 2002, targeting young people, school personnel, parents, and the wider community. …
The 10 essays in this volume look at the many and complex relationships between HIV/AIDS and education. It is clear that education in an AIDS-affected world cannot be the same as that in an AIDS-free world. It is imperative to adapt educational planning and management principles, curriculum-development goals, and the provision of education itself, in order to take into account this pandemic which affects the very fabric of society. …
This booklet is addressed to youth, particularly students. It contains basic information about HIV and AIDS, modes of transmission, precautionary measures against HIV infection, what young students should know about their health, adolescence issues, and life skills.
