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UNESCO HIV and Health Education Clearinghouse

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  1. Scaling-up normative change interventions for adolescent and youth reproductive health: an examination of the evidence

    Adolescent and youth reproductive health (AYRH) outcomes are influenced by factors beyond individual control. Increasingly, interventions are seeking to influence community-level normative change to support healthy AYRH behaviors. While evidence is growing of the effectiveness of AYRH interventions that include normative change components, understanding on how to achieve scale-up and wider impact of these programs remains limited. …

  2. Does schooling protect sexual health? The association between three measures of education and STIs among adolescents in Malawi

    While multiple studies have documented shifting educational gradients in HIV prevalence, less attention has been given to the effect of school participation and academic skills on infection during adolescence. …

  3. Trends of sexual and reproductive health behaviors among youth in the Philippines: further analysis of the 2008, 2013, and 2017 national demographic and health surveys

    This report examines the trends of sexual and reproductive health behavior over a 9-year period (2008-2017) in the Philippines. The analysis utilizes data from three nationally representative household surveys conducted by The Demographic and Health Surveys Program in 2008, 2013, and 2017. …

  4. Girls' empowerment through Education and Health (ASPIRE) Activity: final report, December 17, 2014-December 16, 2018

    USAID/Malawi launched the Girls’ Empowerment through Education and Health (ASPIRE) Activity in December 2014, beginning a bold cross-sector investment to improve the achievement of girls in upper primary and secondary school in Malawi. USAID’s investment in ASPIRE recognized that for girls’ to achieve academic success, they must enter and stay in school, be learning and safe while in school, and be healthy and supported by their community at all times. Output 1: Reading skills for girls in upper primary school improved. …

  5. Gaps in global monitoring and evaluation of adolescent and youth reproductive health

    Adolescents and youth are a key population for reproductive health (RH) interventions, because young people suffer disproportionately from negative RH outcomes, including acquisition of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections; unintended, unwanted, or mistimed pregnancy; unsafe abortion; and gender-based violence. Effective monitoring and evaluation (M&E;) of RH interventions designed for adolescents and youth is essential to determine their success and impact and show where improvement is needed. …

  6. Adolescent Girls Empowerment Programme (AGEP): endline results; executive summary

    The theory of change behind the Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (AGEP) posited that adolescent girls are empowered by building social, health, and economic assets that they can then draw on to reduce vulnerabilities and expand opportunities. In the long term, they will then increase their likelihood of completing school, delaying sexual debut, and reducing risks of early marriages, unintended pregnancies, acquisition of HIV, and other possibly detrimental outcomes. …

  7. Adolescent Girls Empowerment Programme: endline technical report

    The theory of change behind the Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (AGEP) posited that adolescent girls are empowered by building social, health, and economic assets that they can then draw on to reduce vulnerabilities and expand opportunities. In the long term, they will then increase their likelihood of completing school, delaying sexual debut, and reducing risks of early marriages, unintended pregnancies, acquisition of HIV, and other possibly detrimental outcomes. …

  8. Curriculum on adolescent-friendly health services and health voucher mechanisms: facilitator's training manual

    The Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (AGEP) in rural and urban Zambia aims to build social, health, and economic assets of adolescent girls. A safe spaces component is at the core of AGEP. Girls groups, under the guidance of a female mentor from the same community, provide a safe and supportive learning environment. The meetings are critical in building social assets for vulnerable girls - including friendships, self-esteem, trusting relationships with adults, and social support. …

  9. 25 years after Cairo: accelerating Africa's promise; fast-tracking progress in achieving good sexual reproductive health and rights outcomes and achievement of Sustainable Development Goals

    This issue of the African Development Perspectives addresses sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Africa, with the backdrop of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) Programme of Action (PoA), signed by 179 governments twenty-five years ago, in 1994, in Cairo, Egypt, and the Nairobi Summit in November 2019, where delegates will converge to reaffirm the commitments to accelerate the promises made at the 1994 Conference. …

  10. Regional report: sexual and reproductive health laws and policies in selected Arab countries

    This report is an attempt to provide a bird’s eye view on the situation of legislative tools and frameworks in selected Arab countries with regard to key issues related to reproductive health. Legislative environment is an enabling factor that creates supportive space and mechanisms to effect systemic, societal and individual change. This regional analysis is a starting point that should be built on to develop in depth analyses on the national levels to identify gaps and propose bridging and corrective measures.

  11. Using podcasts to deliver youth-friendly information about sexual and reproductive health and rights in Burundi

    We live in a digital age where, for many of us, all the information we need is just a click away. In Burundi, as in the rest of the world, young people are often the most active users of information communication technology (ICT). Frontline AIDS saw an opportunity to use ICT to provide adolescents with both SRHR information and safe spaces to engage with their peers and experts. Whilst ‘ICT for health’ is a frequent topic among HIV and SRHR organisations in Burundi, using ICT to improve access to youth-friendly and comprehensive HIV and SRHR information was something new.

  12. Youth participation in HIV and sexual and reproductive health decision-making, policies, programmes: perspectives from the field

    The purpose of this article was to present the current state of evidence and experience of youth participation approaches in HIV and sexual and reproductive health decision-making, policies and programmes. By combining a literature review of evaluation evidence with in-depth interviews and a global survey targeting young people with the experience of participation, this study opens a new window into the support needs for meaningful youth participation globally. …

  13. Proposing a conceptual framework to address social norms that influence adolescent sexual and reproductive health

    With 1.8 billion young people aged 10-24 years in the world today, the cohort of adolescents and youth is the largest in history. Concurrently, millions of adolescents are confronting sexual and reproductive health (SRH) challenges, including high rates of unmet need for contraception, unintended pregnancy, and clandestine and unsafe abortion. Social norms or shared understandings of how oneself and others should behave can alleviate or exacerbate these challenges. …

  14. I felt like the world was falling down on me. Adolescent girls’ sexual and reproductive health and rights in the Dominican Republic

    Adolescent girls in the Dominican Republic are being denied their sexual and reproductive rights, including access to safe abortion. “I Felt Like the World Was Falling Down on Me” documents how authorities have stalled the rollout of a long-awaited sexuality education program, leaving hundreds of thousands of adolescent girls and boys without scientifically accurate information about their health. The country has the highest teen pregnancy rate in Latin America and the Caribbean, according to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). …

  15. Causal effects of education on sexual and reproductive health in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    Despite strong theoretical grounding, important gaps in knowledge remain regarding the degree to which there is a causal relationship between education and sexual and reproductive health, as many claims have been made based on associations alone. Understanding the extent to which these relationships are causal is important both to inform investments in education and health, as well as to understand the mechanisms underlying these relationships. …

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