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This chapter has three aims. One, to investigate the impacts of the HIV/AIDS epidemic upon the children of South Africa with a focus on health, welfare and education implications. Two, to examine the responses of families, communities, civil society and governments to the crisis confronting the children. Three, to critique those responses and offer alternatives, which may assist in improving the impacts on children.
On October 23, 2001, more than 100 people gathered at Peace Corps headquarters in Washington, D.C., for the third in a series of Town Hall Meetings to address the needs of orphans and vulnerable children in developing countries. The meeting focused on the challenge of educating children and adolescents affected by AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. By bringing together participants from a wide range of groups, including from both the education and health sectors, organizers hoped to stimulate a useful exchange of information. …
The paper uses a combination of questionnaire data and children's drawings to explore the reasons contributing to temporary and permanent absence from school of orphans, children from disjointed families and children who live with both parents. Particular attention is paid to differences between these three groups of children and between girls and boys. It is shown that the most important reasons for absenteeism are closely related to poverty, and that poverty is not necessarily related to orphanhood. …
This comparative research study focuses on the main barriers to education for the poorest households in Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Uganda and Zambia. Although the study set out primarily to look at the burden of education costs on the poorest households very rich data on other barriers to education (e.g. physical access, quality of education, vulnerability, poverty, and health) have been gathered and are discussed. The study looks at what motivates parents to send their children to school (and keep them there) through their perceptions of the quality and value of education. …
AIDS, conflicts, and other crises have swelled the number of orphans in much of Sub-Saharan Africa, thereby threatening realization of the Millennium Development Goals in the areas of education, health, nutrition, and poverty reduction. Few studies have attempted to synthesize evidence of risks to orphans or to analyze the extent and effectiveness of actions by governments and others to mitigate the risks. …
Youth who do not attend school or who drop out prematurely miss many of the fundamentals of basic education - reading and writing skills, mathematics, and science. But they are also disadvantaged because they lose a valuable opportunity to learn about reproductive health and HIV in a stable and credible environment: the classroom. Such youth are vulnerable to misinformation from unreliable sources or possibly never learn about the issues at all. …
The purpose of this project was to quantify and understand impacts of HIV/AIDS on education, many of which will be carried by poor households and communities, and provide information to feed into multi-sectoral strategy to mitigate negative impacts. Schools and school communities are critical points of intervention in South Africa.
This research and analysis assesses national and community level initiatives that have the potential to increase primary education access for children who have been orphaned (or made vulnerable) in areas heavily affected by AIDS in the eastern and southern Africa region (ESAR). This assessment analyzes various initiatives to learn lessons that can be used to more effectively target resources to increase primary education access for orphans and other vulnerable children in this region.
Over the past years, great efforts have been made to increase the number of children that have access to education in Africa. A good number of countries have succeeded in increasing significantly the number of children enrolled in very few years. They have done so by abolishing school fees and also encouraging the development of community schools, and/or by recruiting teachers at lower costs. More funds have been mobilized for education and national and international development. …
Report assesses impact of HIV/AIDS on the education sector, addressing both the current situation and what can be expected: fewer school enrolments, decreased teacher supply, increased health costs straining governments and families. Initial steps for preventive action to combat these hardships are then outlined.
Namibia has been independent for more than ten years, and the nature of the struggle facing our country has changed. The fight is no longer for freedom from political domination, but against HIV/AIDS.HIV/AIDS is a continuing, critical public health issue. It is now the leading cause of death in Namibia, Africa and the fourth common cause of death worldwide. The HIV/AIDS crisis continues to expand in numbers and extent, without immediate medical solutions in view. HIV/AIDS is not only a health issue, it has socio-economic implications too. …
Internationally, the first case of AIDS was diagnosed more than twenty years ago. In spite of extensive research, the origin of HIV has not been discovered. The spread of HIV in Jamaica is mainly through sexual contact between men and women. Additionally, about one-third of all babies born to HIV infected women are infected during pregnancy, at birth or through breast feeding unless anti-retroviral medication is given to prevent HIV transmission from mother to child.Persons infected with HIV do not immediately develop AIDS or AIDS symptoms. …
This report summarizes a workshop to launch a pilot project known as the District Initiative to collect school-based HIV/AIDS indicators enabling ministries and planners assess the needs of the districts more effectively. The workshop was organized to introduce the District AIDS action Committees (DAACS) and the Ministry of Education to develop District Education Management Information System or DEMIS. DEMIS was developed by the University of Natal to allow for the capture of key management information in schools on a monthly basis. …
Education has been cited by several well-respected sources, including the World Bank, as one of the most important factors in helping to prevent this group from contracting HIV and AIDS. …
Countries around the world have achieved huge gains in primary education, reaching a world average of 83.8 percent in net primary enrollment. However, large numbers of students still do not complete primary education, and even fewer continue on to secondary school. Since so few children complete primary school, those who do must be able to continue their schooling. It is the only way for students and society to reap the full benefits of their initial investment in a literate, educated population. …
