Précédents rapports

L'édition 2020 du Rapport mondial sur la mise en valeur des ressources en eau (WWDR 2020) intitulée « L'eau et le changement climatique » vise à aider la communauté de l'eau à relever les défis du changement climatique et à informer la communauté du changement climatique des opportunités qu'offre une meilleure gestion de l'eau en termes de adaptation et atténuation.

Le Rapport mondial des Nations Unies 2020 sur la mise en valeur des ressources en eau se concentre sur les défis, les opportunités et les réponses potentielles au changement climatique, en termes d'adaptation, d'atténuation et d'amélioration de la résilience, qui peuvent être abordés en améliorant la gestion de l'eau.
Combiner l'adaptation au changement climatique et l'atténuation, par le biais de l'eau, est une proposition gagnant-gagnant, améliorant la fourniture de services d'approvisionnement en eau et d'assainissement et luttant à la fois contre les causes et les impacts du changement climatique, y compris la réduction des risques de catastrophe.

L'édition 2019 du Rapport mondial sur la mise en valeur des ressources en eau (WWDR 2019) intitulée « Ne laisser personne pour compte » vise à informer les décideurs politiques, de la communauté de l'eau et au delà, sur l'amélioration de la gestion des ressources en eau et de l'accès aux services d'approvisionnement en eau et d'assainissement, condition sinequanone pour lutter contre la pauvreté et contre les inégalités sociales et économiques.

Dans un monde de plus en plus mondialisé, les décisions liées à l’eau ont des incidences sur tous les pays. Les événements extrêmes, la dégradation de l’environnement, la croissance démographique, l’urbanisation rapide, les modes de consommation non durables et inéquitables, les conflits et les troubles sociaux et les flux migratoires sans précédent font partie des pressions interconnectées auxquelles l’humanité est confrontée, frappant souvent les populations les plus vulnérables du fait de leurs impacts sur l’eau.

S'attaquer aux inégalités auxquelles sont confrontés les groupes défavorisés nécessite des solutions adaptées qui tiennent compte de la réalité quotidienne des personnes et des communautés en situation de vulnérabilité. Des politiques bien conçues et correctement mises en œuvre, une utilisation efficace et appropriée des ressources financières, ainsi que des connaissances factuelles sur les ressources en eau et les problèmes liés à l'eau sont également essentielles pour éliminer les inégalités d'accès à l'eau potable et à l'assainissement.

L'édition 2018 du Rapport mondial sur le développement de l'eau (WWDR 2018) vise à informer la politique et les décideurs, qu’ils soient parties prenante de la communauté de l’eau ou non, sur le potentiel des solutions fondées sur la nature (SfN) pour répondre aux défis contemporains de gestion de l'eau dans tous les secteurs, notamment en ce qui concerne l'eau pour l'agriculture, les villes durables, la réduction des risques de catastrophe liées à l'eau et la qualité de l'eau.

Le WWDR2018, intitulé « Les solutions fondées sur la nature pour la gestion de l’eau », démontre comment les solutions basées sur la nature (SfN) offrent un moyen essentiel de répondre à de nombreux défis mondiaux liés à l'eau, tout en offrant simultanément des avantages supplémentaires essentiels à tous les aspects du développement durable.

Travailler avec la nature améliore la gestion des ressources en eau, contribue à la sécurité de l'eau pour tous et soutient les aspects fondamentaux du développement durable.

The 2017 WWDR demonstrates how improved wastewater management generates social, environmental and economic benefits essential for sustainable development and is essential to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The report’s title reflects the critical role that wastewater is poised to play in the context of a circular economy, whereby economic development is balanced with the protection of natural resources and environmental sustainability, and where a cleaner and more sustainable economy has a positive effect on the water quality.

Improved wastewater management generates social, environmental and economic benefits, and is essential to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

From its collection, through various uses, to its ultimate return to the natural environment, water is a key factor in the development of job opportunities either directly related to its management (supply, infrastructure, wastewater treatment, etc.) or in economic sectors that are heavily water-dependent such as agriculture, fishing, power, industry and health. Furthermore, access to safe drinking water and sanitation promotes an educated and healthy workforce, which constitutes an essential factor for sustained economic growth.

The 2016 WWDR illustrates that nearly 3 out of 4 jobs in the global workforce (3.2 billion people) are moderately or highly dependent upon access to water and water-related services and therefore states that “Water is essential to decent jobs and sustainable development”. Water stress and the lack of decent work can exacerbate security challenges, force migration and undo the progress made in the fight to eradicate poverty.

Water is at the core of sustainable development. Water resources, and the range of services they provide, underpin economic growth, poverty reduction and environmental sustainability. From food and energy security to human and environmental health, water has been shown to contribute to improvements in social well being, affecting the livelihoods of billions. Progress towards the achievement of most sustainable development goals requires significant improvement of water management across the globe.

The 2015 WWDR 2015 demonstrates how water resources and services are essential to achieving global sustainability. Taking account of economic growth, social equity and environmental sustainability, the report’s forward-looking narrative describes how major challenges and change factors in the modern world will affect – and can be affected by – water resources, services and related benefits.

Water and energy are closely interconnected and highly interdependent. Choices made and actions taken in one domain can greatly affect the other, positively or negatively. Trade-offs need to be managed to limit negative impacts and foster opportunities for synergy. Water and energy have crucial impacts on poverty alleviation both directly, as a number of the Millennium Development Goals depend on major improvements in access to water, sanitation, power and energy sources, and indirectly, as water and energy can be binding constraints on economic growth – the ultimate hope for widespread poverty reduction.

The fourth edition of the United Nations World Water Development Report (WWDR 4), titled ‘Managing Water under Uncertainty and Risk’ is a comprehensive review of the world's freshwater resources and seeks to demonstrate, among other messages, that water underpins all aspects of development, and that a coordinated approach to managing and allocating water is critical. The Report underlines that in order to meet multiple goals water needs to be an intrinsic element in decision-making across the whole development spectrum.

"Water in a Changing World" builds on the work of previous studies, including the two previous WWDRs. However, the third edition of the Report presented several changes from the previous two editions. Unlike the earlier Reports, which were structured along UN agency lines, the third Report presented a new, more holistic format. A number of themes are addressed throughout the entire report, including climate change, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), groundwater, biodiversity, water and migration, water and infrastructure, and biofuels.

‘Water, a Shared Responsibility’, presents a comprehensive picture of freshwater resources in all regions and most countries of the world, tracks progress towards the water-related targets of the UN Millennium Development Goals, and examines a range of issues including population growth and increasing urbanization, changing ecosystems, food production, health, industry and energy, as well as risk management, valuing and paying for water, and increasing knowledge and capacity. Sixteen case studies look at typical water resource challenges and provide valuable insights into different facets of the water crisis and management responses.

Finally, the report outlines a set of conclusions and recommendations to guide future action and encourage sustainable use, productivity and management of our increasingly scarce freshwater resources.

‘Water for People, Water for Life’ laid the foundation for subsequent editions of the WWDR, concentrating essentially on evaluating the level of progress made since the Rio Summit (1992) and on developing effective assessment methodologies. The Report encompasses a broad range of components, focusing on human stewardship of freshwater, that complex aggregation of policies, legislation, social programmes, economic approaches and management strategies through which to achieve water sustainability.

The WWDR 1 opens with a chapter describing the water crisis. It then reviews progress and trends, proposes methodologies and indicators for measuring sustainability, and assesses progress in the following 11 challenge areas: water and cities, securing the food supply, water and energy, cleaner industry, meeting basic needs, protecting ecosystems, sharing water resources, valuing water, governing water wisely, ensuring the knowledge base, and managing risks. It also presents seven pilot case studies of river basins representing various social, economic and environmental settings.